1、2022届新高考英语备考复习 英语语篇中长难句的理解与应用英语语篇中长难句的理解与应用教学目标教学目标 了解长难句的主要类型。掌握长难句的分析策略，学会运用策略分析复杂句子。通过分析长难句，联系语篇，学会实际运用，做出正确选择。内容回顾内容回顾1.句子基本成分句子基本成分：主要成分：次要成分：2.句子类型句子类型：简单句 并列句 复合句主语和谓语-主干宾语，表语，定语，状语，同位语，补语。1.In the classroom there are some senior three students.2.In the classroom there are some senior three s
2、tudents,who are listening to a lecture attentively.3.In the classroom there are some senior three students,who are listening to a lecture attentively ,our beautiful English teacher.长难句长难句定语从句定语从句过去分词短语作定语过去分词短语作定语同位语同位语简单句简单句简单句简单句长难句的特点 添加：生词 、结构复杂-难 复合句、同位语、非谓语、插入语、特殊句式 -长多 长难句主要类型长难句主要类型 He left
3、Canton,Michigan for New York,got a job waiting tables,nicknamed himself the Diabetic(糖尿病的)Rockstar,and created ,a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones.主干：长难句主要类型长难句主要类型 He left Canton,Michigan for New York,got a job waiting tables,nicknamed himself the Diabetic(糖尿病的)Rockstar,and
4、created ,a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones.主干：长难句主要类型长难句主要类型 He left Canton,Michigan for New York,got a job waiting tables,nicknamed himself the Diabetic(糖尿病的)Rockstar,and created ,a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones.主干主干：一一.复杂复杂的简单句的简单句 The hot sun ha
5、d caused the dough(面团)to double in size fermenting yeast made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.主干：as though:and 连接两并列句二二.长难并列句长难并列句二二.长难并列句长难并列句 The hot sun had caused the dough(面团)to double in size fermenting yeast made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.主干：a
6、s though:and 连接两并列句状语从句The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens,whatever their special conditions,deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.主干:非谓语短语(shown in.decade
7、s):that 从句:The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens,whatever their special conditions,deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.主干:非谓语短语(shown in.decades):that 从句:T
8、he great interest in exceptional children(shown in public education over the past three decades)indicates the strong feeling in our society(that all citizens,whatever their special conditions,deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.)主干:非谓语短语(shown in.decades):that 从句:定语同位语从句三三.长难
9、复合句长难复合句“Never before have we had the innovations（创新）in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,”he said.主干：which从句：倒装句，否定词放句首“Never before have we had the innovations（创新）in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the
10、most efficient it has ever been,”he said.主干：which从句：倒装句，否定词放句首定语从句，which指 innovations四四.长难特殊句式长难特殊句式总结：长难句分析策略总结：长难句分析策略(1)关键：先找到句子的 即句子 ,从整体上把握句子的结构。(2)找到 动词、从句的 ，插入语和特殊句式，分析它们的功能。(3)关注语篇，整体把握大意。主语、谓语主语、谓语,主干主干非谓语非谓语引导词引导词A from the University of California at Davis suggested replacing petrol-power
11、ed private cars worldwide with electric,self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80%and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施)and operations 40%by 2050.主干主干：that从句：非谓语短语replacing.shared system：宾语从句主语2016石景山一模The G700 Tactical Flashlight is for mo
12、st Americans due to its powerfully disorienting“strobe mode”that allows the user to flash a blinding light into the attackers eyes,leaving them“disoriented beyond belief.”主干主干：介词短语（“due to.strobe mode”）:that从句：非谓语短语（leaving them.belief）:状语定语从句状语2016石景山一模词义猜测 2.The underlined phrase disoriented beyon
13、d belief in para.4 probably means A.disappointed C.unconfident B.dizzy D.annoyed海淀2018-2019高三期末质量检测Chinese medicine,which tends to take longer time to take effect,with a focus to work in harmony with the body,is to restore imbalance causing diseases rather than targeting only the specific symptom or
14、 problem area.主干主干：which从句：非谓语短语：海淀2018-2019高三期末质量检测Chinese medicine,which tends to take longer time to take effect,with a focus to work in harmony with the body,is to restore imbalance causing diseases rather than targeting only the specific symptom or problem area.主干：which从句：非谓语短语：定语从句定语3.Why is C
15、hinese medicine mentioned in the passage?推理判断A.To help better understand Taoism.B.To define the concept of yin and yang.C.To emphasize the contributions of Taoism.D.To express the authors pride in Chinese culture.Taoism provides us with many aspects of the special nature of Chinese culture and philo
16、sophy.The concept of yin and yang in Taoism,which brings us balance through the integration of opposites,is well-known but not fully understood in the West.2019北京卷D篇Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton（浮游植物）in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the ocea
17、ns appearance.主干主干：非谓语短语leading to.：段落大意：42.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A.The various patterns at the ocean surface.B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton状语段尾2019石景山一模 Evidence sugg
18、ests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying,saying clearly what bullying means,and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs,what records will be kept,who will be informed and what punishments will be employed.The policy should be developed through consultation over a
19、period of time.主干主干：that从句：非谓语动词:saying.and giving.：三个what从句和一个who 从句：宾语从句状语2019石景山一模 Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying,saying clearly what bullying means,and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs,what records will be kept,who will be informe
20、d and what punishments will be employed.The policy should be developed through consultation over a period of time.主干：that从句：非谓语动词:saying.and giving.：三个what 从句和一个who 从句：宾语从句状语2019石景山一模 Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying,saying clearly what bullying means,and giving e
21、xplicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs,what records will be kept,who will be informed and what punishments will be employed.The policy should be developed through consultation over a period of time.主干：that从句：非谓语动词:saying.and giving.：三个what 从句和一个who 从句：宾语从句状语宾语从句细节理解3.According to the p
22、assage,what is the most important part of reducing bullying?A.Develop a policy through consultation.B.Deal with the topic through the curriculum.C.Work with individual pupils or in small groups.D.Give detailed guidelines on the right things to do.总结 找到句子主干 层层剥开分析（复合句、非谓、特殊句、同位语等）关注语篇，整体把握大意，准确理解语篇所传递信息。Homework 整理笔记，体会理解如何运用策略分析长难句。课后收集两句历年高考中出现的长难句，以小组为单位进行赏析理解，下次课分享。
