1、2020高考英语情态动词专题(共44张PPT)can a.for ability(skill/knowledge)能力能力b.for guessing（疑问，否定疑问，否定）猜测）猜测c.for request/permission 请求请求/许可许可d.for possibility 客观可能性（客观可能性（可以肯定句可以肯定句）e.used especially in expression of surprise 惊惊异，怀疑，不相信等态度异，怀疑，不相信等态度f.an offer/suggestion 提议提议Match the usage of can in the sentences
2、.1.Jim isnt very good at math or science,but he can speak English very well._2.Can I use your computer for a while?Mine is being repaired._ 3.Experienced teachers can make mistakes._acd 4.That cant be Mary.She is in New York._5.-Can I go home?-No,you cant._ 6.How can it be true?_7.Can I help you?You
3、 can eat in a restaurant if you like._8.Jogging can be harmful to health._bcefd 注意：注意：1.can 表示表示能力能力时与时与be able to do 的区别的区别 abilitymanage to do/succeed in doingHe _ swim across the river.The house was burning,but he _escape before the ceiling fell.canwas able to 注意：注意：2.句式句式(cant too怎样都不为过）怎样都不为过）Y
4、ou cant be too careful when you cross the street.A woman cant have too many hats.3.cant help doing 忍不住做忍不住做4.as.as I/you/can 尽可能尽可能=asas possiblecould a.for ability 能力能力(past tense)b.for guessing（疑问，否定疑问，否定）猜测）猜测c.for possibility（可能性）（可能性）d.for politeness（语气的语气的委婉委婉,无过去之意无过去之意）e.Used in subjunctive
5、mood（虚拟语气）（虚拟语气）Match the usage of could in the sentences.1.My grandfather could drive well even at the age of eighty._2.Could you please show me the way to the park?_3.London could be rather cold in summer while I stayed there._adcMatch the usage of could in the sentences.4.Could he be at home at t
6、he moment?_5.If I could solve the problem alone,I wouldnt ask you._6.If I had had more time,I could have finished the work._beemay a.for request/permission 请求请求/许可许可(比比can 正式）正式）b.for guessing（常用于肯定常用于肯定/否定句否定句）c.for wishes in subjunctive mood（虚拟语（虚拟语气表示祝愿）气表示祝愿）May God be with you!d.目的状语从句中目的状语从句中M
7、atch the usage of may in the sentences.1.May I ask you a personal question?_2.It may snow tomorrow._3.You may go home now,Susie._4.May she rest in peace._5.Mr Smith speaks English slowly in order that his students may follow him._abacdmight a.may 的过去时（猜测的过去时（猜测,目的状语从句等）目的状语从句等）b.虚拟语气虚拟语气（”也许会也许会”/“要
8、是要是就好了就好了”表达责备）表达责备）She said that she might come late.He got up early so that he might catch the first bus.If he had got up a little earlier,he might have been in time for the train.You might have told me the truth.注意：注意：1.may 提问表示请求，许可时，提问表示请求，许可时，注意回答注意回答 通常不用通常不用may.肯定回答：肯定回答：Why not?/Certainly./
9、Sure./Yes,please.否定回答：否定回答：Im sorry,but./Im afraid.注意：注意：2.may/might 表示猜测表示猜测 may/might+动词原形动词原形 对对现在现在猜测猜测 may/might+have done 对对过去过去猜测猜测 It may/might rain tonight.He might have left it in your house.注意：注意：3.may/might as well do （had better 的委婉的委婉表达表达“不妨不妨”“还是还是为好为好”）You may as well stay at home si
10、nce it is raining heavily.must a.for necessity/an order/obligation“必须必须”（肯定句，（肯定句，疑问句）疑问句）b.for guessing(猜测，猜测，用于用于肯定句肯定句）c.“禁止禁止”（否定句否定句）d.do in spite of being unwise or unwanted （非得，偏要非得，偏要）e.必然性必然性（注定）（注定）f.劝诱劝诱Match the usage of must in the sentences.1.-We must stay at home,mustnt we?-Yes,you mu
11、st./No,you neednt/No,you dont have to._2.Man must die._3.Its ten oclock.He must be sleeping._4.Its delicious.You must have a try._ aebf 5.Look,all his stuff is gone.He must have come back last night._6.You must be joking._7.Why must you play the piano at mid-night?_8.-Must I wash the dishes at once?
12、-Yes,you must./No,you neednt._bbda关于表示关于表示猜测猜测的情态动词的情态动词1.must 肯定句肯定句 may/might 一般一般肯定句肯定句或或否定句否定句 can/could 一般一般否定句否定句或或疑问句疑问句2.对现在猜测：情态动词对现在猜测：情态动词+be/do 对对“此时正在此时正在”猜测：情猜测：情态态动词动词+be doing 对对过去过去猜测猜测：情态动词：情态动词+have done比较比较He must be a student.（肯定句）（肯定句）He may/might be a student.（肯）（肯）He may/migh
13、t not be student.（否）（否）He cant/couldnt be a student.（否）（否）可能性可能性对现在猜测：情态动词对现在猜测：情态动词+be/do 比较比较He must be sleeping now（肯定句）（肯定句）He may/might be sleeping.（肯）（肯）He cant/couldnt be sleeping.（否）（否）可能性可能性“此时正在此时正在”猜测：情态动词猜测：情态动词+be doing比较比较 He succeeded in the exam.He must have worked hard.(一定努力了一定努力了）H
14、e may/might have come back from abroad.(也许已经回来了也许已经回来了）He cant/couldnt have attended that meeting because we were togetherat that time.（不可能参加了不可能参加了）可能性可能性对过去猜测对过去猜测：情态动词：情态动词+have donewill for future tense（助动词，构成将来时）（助动词，构成将来时）情态动词用法情态动词用法a.for a will（意愿）（意愿）b.for a habit/a tendency（习惯，（习惯，倾向）倾向）c.
15、for a request（疑问句，第二人称，表疑问句，第二人称，表请求）请求）d.祈使句的反义疑问句祈使句的反义疑问句Match the usage of will in the sentences.1.She will be back in a minute._2.When I am on a bus,I will read newspapers._ 3.I am free now,but I will not help you._4.Will you pass me the salt please?_5.Come with me,will you?_ 6.Oil will float o
16、n water._将来时将来时bacdbwould for future tense（助动词，构成（助动词，构成过去过去将来时将来时）情态动词用法情态动词用法a.委婉地提出请求，建议，和看法委婉地提出请求，建议，和看法b.强烈的意愿，主张强烈的意愿，主张c.过去的习惯过去的习惯,倾向（倾向（“过去常常过去常常”）d.虚拟语气虚拟语气 Match the usage of would in the sentences.1.She said she would be back in a minute._2.His father was angry because he wouldnt obey h
17、im._ 3.When I was a child,I would often go skiing._ 5.Come with me,will you?_ 6.Oil will float on water._过去将来时过去将来时bcMatch the usage of would in the sentences.4.Would you please lend me a bike?_ 5.If he had worked hard,he would have passed the exam._6.Would you mind opening the window?Would you like
18、 to go with me?_7.At that time people would starve._adacshall a.for future tense（用于第一人称主语（用于第一人称主语 I，We）b.for promisec.for rules®ulationd.for threate.for determinnation f.Shall he/she/it/they(第三人称第三人称）.?=Do you want/Would you liketo do?g.反义疑问句（反义疑问句（Lets.）h.Shall we.?f,g,h 征求征求对方对方意见（一，三人意见（一，三人称
19、）称）Match the usage of shall in the sentences.1.We shall be sleeping at that time_2.I shall never forget the shame._3.Fine shall be paid in cash._4.Lets go now,shall we?_5.We shall get there before dark._6.Shall he come at once?_aegcafMatch the usage of shall in the sentences.7.If you cheat me,you sh
20、all never get away with it._8.Dont worry.You shall get your books next Monday._9.Shall we go to the concert tonight?_10.The law says nobody shall kill others._dbhcshoulda.To express duty/what is necessary or desirable（“应该应该”语气弱于语气弱于must/ought to）b.To express likelihood esp.a desirable result （“应该应该”
21、表表推测推测）c.“竟然竟然”表达惊奇，差异表达惊奇，差异d.should have done“本该做本该做”表责备，后悔表责备，后悔e.用于用于虚拟语气虚拟语气句式句式Match the usage of should in the sentences.1.You should apologize to him._2.Its strange/surprising/a pity/a shame that he shouldnt have been invited._3.He shouldnt have told others my secret._4.The photo should be r
22、eady by tomorrow morning._5.I am surprised that you should speak in such a way._acdbc6.You shouldnt be so impatient with him._7.She demanded that they should leave at once._8.I should have been kinder to him when he was here._9.I dont understand why he should have made such a mistake._10.There shoul
23、dnt be any difficulty about getting you a visa._aedcbshould 虚拟语气虚拟语气用法的总结用法的总结 对对过去过去责备，差异，惊奇，推测，无论责备，差异，惊奇，推测，无论翻译翻译“本该本该”“竟然竟然”“”“按理说按理说”都要都要should(not)+have doneI am sleepy today.I shouldnt have stayed up late last night.“本不该本不该”It is a shame that he should have cheated in the exam.“竟然竟然”Its ten
24、oclock.The train should have already left.“按理说已经按理说已经”should 虚拟语气虚拟语气用法的总结用法的总结常见常见句式（句式（名词性从句名词性从句）Its a pity/a shame/that should do Its strange/necessary/vital/natural/.that .should do.主语主语desire/demand/insist/suggest/advise/command/request/require/recommend/order/propose/urge/.that.(should)do.（宾语
25、从句）（宾语从句）should 虚拟语气虚拟语气用法的总结用法的总结常见常见句式句式 It is suggested/ordered/required.that (should)do.（主语从句）（主语从句）My suggestion/advice/order/requirement/proposal/is that.(should)do.（表语从句）（表语从句）Youd better follow my suggestion/advice that.(should)do.（同位语从句）（同位语从句）(aux)情态情态动词，动词，后接不定式后接不定式to do“应应该该”（语气比（语气比sho
26、uld 强，比强，比must 弱弱）肯定形式：肯定形式：You ought to come on time.否定形式：否定形式：You ought not(oughtnt)to drink too much.疑问形式：疑问形式：Ought I to go there alone?Yes,you ought(to)ought 注意注意 ought to do（“应该应该”肯否定回答可省肯否定回答可省略为略为“yes,you ought to./No,you ought not to”）ought to have done（“本应该本应该”对过去对过去事情虚拟，肯否定回答事情虚拟，肯否定回答“Ye
27、s,I ought to have./No,I ought not to have”)Ex1.-You ought to do it more carefully this time,you know?-Yes,I _.Ex2.-He failed again.-He_ (work)hard before the exam.ought to ought to have worked 1.实义动词（有时态时态和数数的变化，用助动词否定，疑问）This job needs skill and experience.I need to know the truth.Do you need more
28、information?The car needed to be repaired=the car needed repairing.动名词主动表被动名词主动表被动动 need 2.情态动词（无时态，数的变化，常用于否否定定和疑问疑问句）-Need I go so soon?-Yes,you must.-No,you neednt.I neednt tell him everything,need I?（情态）（情态）I dont need to tell him everything,do I?（实）（实）need neednt have done 对过去对过去虚拟语虚拟语气气“本不必本不必
29、”Its not far from our school to the farm.We neednt have taken a taxi last night.I can clean the room when I am free.You neednt have cleaned it by yourself.1.实义动词（有时态时态和数数的变化，用助动词否定，疑问）He didnt dare to speak to her.Do you dare to fight him?2.情态情态动词（常用否定，疑问句，有动词（常用否定，疑问句，有过去式过去式dared）dare She knew he was wrong,but she darent/dare not tell him.Not one of them dared mention this.口语表达口语表达to 可省：可省：I didnt dare(to)ask her to dance with me.dare
