1、Lena王Imperatives祈使句Imperatives定义结构强调反义疑问固定搭配定义表示请求,命令或劝告的句子是祈使句。Be sure to come on time.请务必按时来Get down on your knees.你跪下结构肯定结构否定结构Do 型(即动词原形+其他成分)e.g:Close the door.在句首加dont构成 e.g:Dont close the door.Be型(即Be表语其他成分)e.g:Be careful fire.在句首加dont/never构成 e.g:Dont be late for school.Never lie to others.L
2、et型(即Let宾语动词原形其他成分)e.g:Lets have a picnic outside.Dontlet宾语动词原形其他成分和Let宾语十not动词原形十其他成分 e.g:Dont let anyone distureb you.Lets not have a rest.说明祈使句的主语通常是第二人称(you),一般不需要说出,但有时为了强调主语或指明向谁提出请求或发出命令,可以加山主语you或其他称呼语。e.g:You be quiet for a moment.请你安静一会。强调,反义疑问句强调1.祈使句的肯定句的强调形式是在句首加 do。e.g:Do listen to you
3、r teachers.千万要听老师的话。2.如果在祈使句中需要强调对方时,也可表示出主语。e.g:Tom,come here quickly.汤姆,快点过来。反义疑问句祈使句的反意疑问句,通常加will you。如果祈使句是lets.,反意疑问句是shall we。回答通常用I wil/Iwont。e.g:Feed the dog today,will you?今天你喂狗,可以吗?Let us have a rest,will you?让我们休息一下,行吗?Lets have a rest,shall we?我们休息一下,好吗?固定搭配(1)祈使句祈使句+破折号破折号+句子。破折号后面的句子对
4、祈使句起补充、说明作用。句子。破折号后面的句子对祈使句起补充、说明作用。(2)祈使句祈使句+and+陈述句陈述句=If.,+主句主句 祈使句祈使句+or+陈述句陈述句=If.not.,+主句主句 补充1.不含动词的祈使句Quick!快!No parking!不准停车!Hands up!举起手。2.使祈使语气更加婉转的方法 为了使祈使句听起来比较客气,婉转,除了用低声调外,还可加please或will you。Please give me a hand.请帮我一下。Read the text,will you?读一下课文好吗口诀口诀祈使句无主语祈使句无主语,主语主语 you常省去常省去;动词原形
5、谓语当动词原形谓语当,句首加句首加dont否定变否定变;朗读应当用降调朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。句末常标感叹号。强调特别注意区分非谓语动词作状语与祈使句表示条件时的区别;如果有并列连词and/or/otherwise,前面便是祈使句;如果没有,则是非谓语动词作状语。Work hard,and youll succeed in time.Working hard,youll succeed in time.努力学习,你迟早会成功的。1.(2013安溪高一检测)Use your head,_youll work out the problem.A.or B.so C.and D.for【解析
6、】选C。考查“祈使句+and/or+简单句”。句意:动动脑筋,然后你就会解决这个问题。and表示前后之间是顺承关系。根据句意可知选C项。2.(2013吉林高一检测)_go out for a picnic with us this afternoon?Id like to,but Ill be busy preparing for the test.A.Do you feel like B.Would you like C.Why not D.What about【解析】选C。考查特殊句式结构。句意:今天下午为什么不和我们一起去野餐呢?我非常乐意,但是我忙着准备考试呢。Why not/Why
7、dont you+动词原形?为什么不呢?是表示建议的一种方式。Do you feel like doing sth.?和Would you like to do sth.?表示“你愿意吗?”而What about doing sth.?也是表示建议的方式。根据空后的动词原形可知选C项。3._your children to try new things,but try not to push them too hard.A.Encouraging B.Dont encourageC.Encourage D.Not encouraging【解析】选C。句意:鼓励你的孩子去尝试新事物,但不要对他们
8、太苛刻。根据句中的but可知,but前面应该是一个句子,然后再根据but后面的祈使句可知,此处应该是一个祈使句。由此可知选C。4.(2013杭州高一检测)Sorry for being late for the lecture,Mr.Blackmail._earlier next time,will you?A.Coming B.To comeC.Having come D.Come【解析】选D。考查祈使句。句意:很抱歉我来晚了,Blackmail先生。下次早来会儿,好吗?根据句意可知答语是一个句子,再依据反意疑问句是will you可知前面是一个祈使句。故选D项。5.Take the flo
9、wers into a warm room,_they will die quickly.A.and B.so C.or D.but【解析】选C。考查祈使句。句意:把花搬进一间温暖的屋子,否则的话它们很快就会死的。and表示前后之间是顺承关系;or表示前后之间是转折关系。根据句意可知选C项。6._your doctors advice,or your cough will get worse.A.Dont follow B.Do followC.Following D.To follow【解析】选B。句意:一定要听从医生的建议,否则你的咳嗽会更严重。根据句中的or可知此处考查“祈使句+and/
10、or+简单句”结构。由此可知选B。此处do表示强调。【知识拓展】do(does,did)表示强调do(does,did)表示强调时,根据需要翻译成“务必、一定、真的、确实”等。1.do放在祈使句的句首,表示请求,有时可以使邀请的口气更热情、客气和友好。例如:Do have another cup of coffee.请再喝杯咖啡。2.do(does,did)放在肯定句中,后面接动词原形,表示强调。例如:I did think you were the best student in our class.我当时的确认为你是我们班最好的学生。He does like to eat noodles.
11、他真的喜欢吃面条。Its true that Americans do eat those things.美国人确实吃那些东西,这是真的。7._ some of this juice perhaps you will like it.A.Trying B.TryC.To try D.Have tried【解析】选B。考查祈使句。句意:尝点果汁或许你会喜欢的。破折号后的句子对前面的句子起补充、说明的作用。破折号前是一个句子,故选择祈使句。A、C选项是非谓语动词形式,D项为完成时态,显然和无主语的句子结构不符合。8.Call me when you get home._.A.I must B.I
12、should C.I will D.I can【解析】选C。对祈使句进行回答时,用I will或者I wont。9.Where is my purse?_!Well be late for the picnic.A.Take your time B.Dont worryC.Come on D.Take it easy【解析】选C。考查交际用语。句意:我的钱包呢?快点吧!我们野餐要晚了。根据后半句Well be late for the picnic.可知前面为表示催促的句子。Take your time别着急,慢慢来;Dont worry别担心;Take it easy别着急;Come on快
13、点,得了吧。根据句意可知选C项。10.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you_ advertisements showing happy families.A.will often see B.often seeC.are often seeing D.have often seen【解析】选A。在“祈使句+and/or+简单句”结构中,简单句中的时态常用一般将来时。故选A。【变式训练】Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions.A.will never reach B.have neve
14、r reached C.never reach D.never reached【解析】选A。根据句中的or可知此处考查“祈使句+and/or+简单句”结构。在此结构中,简单句要用一般将来时。故选A。1.Never_(say)die and youll succeed.2.Dont_(leave)the club or you will not come back.3.The sign readsNo_(park).4_(go)on taking exercise regularly and you_(lose)weight.5.Do_(sit)there still and dont_(mak
15、e)much noise.6.Please_(be)glad,dear.Everything will be better.7.Lets not_(tell)her what we did.8.If he thinks he can cheat me,just_(let)him try!I.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Be sure to get here before ten,_?2.Dont open the window,_?3.Lets go on a trip to Beiing this weekend,_?4.Let us discuss it tomorrow,_?.写出下列祈使句的反意疑问形式