1、PronunciationSkills1Teaching Objectives1.Assimilation2.Dissimilation3.Phonetic reduction4.Summary(have to,has to,had to)21.Assimilation 31.1 Assimilation同化是指两个相邻的音连读时，其中一个音受另一个音的影响，变得跟邻音相同或相似；或者化一；或者两音相互影响，变为第三个音的现象。顺向型同化 逆向型同化 互相同化41.2 顺向型同化前面的音影响后面的音，叫顺向型同化。清清浊清清浊浊浊（清辅音后读清音，浊辅音后读浊音）名词变复数 cat cats
2、bed beds 动词变三单 hope hopes gag gags 动词的过去式 work worked live livedP.S.t.d.结尾的单词发 id start started51.2.1 PracticeIts raining cats and dogs.He stopped reading and looked up.On my way home,I visited an old friend of mine.He worked really hard last year.He pulled a tired smile when he stepped out of the r
3、oom.61.3 逆向型同化前面的音受后面的音影响，叫逆向型同化。News NewspaperUsed Used to nju:znju:sp eIpEju:zdju:s tu71.3.1 PracticeBefore I eat dinner,I read the newspaper for a while.We read the newspaper every morning.He is not the man he used to be.Dont worry.Youll get used to it in no time.We used to go there every year.Ou
4、r company used to do business with theirs.81.4 相互同化相互同化就是前后两个连在一起得音念起来不太方便，于是连在一起的两个音就互为影响而混合成一个新的、折衷的、比较好念的音，使之念起来顺口、听起来顺耳、看起来顺眼。此类同化并非是随意的，而是有规可循的。91.4.1 d+j=d Could you？Would you？Did you？And you？I need you to I need your help.Let the light guide your way.101.4.2 t+j=tNext year.Last year.Nice to m
5、eet you.I cant live without you.I really want to meet you.The smile on your face let me know that you need me.111.4.3 s+j=I miss you.I want to kiss you.122.Dissimilation132.1 Dissimilation两个相同或相近的音位，在发音过程中因受某种影响，而变得不同或不相近，这种现象叫做异化。异化也称辅音的浊化现象，s 后面的清辅音当连接一个元音时（一般出现在重读音阶上），s后面的清辅音受后面的元音影响，在实际法音中要读成与其相
6、对应的浊辅音，在语音分析中称为浊化。142.2 sp+Vowel口语中读音为 sb+vowel Spend spend 口语读音为sbendHow do you spend your free time?He spends a lot of time with his girlfriend.Speak spi:k 口语读音为sbi:kActions speak louder than words.I must speak with my son about his cigarette smoking.152.3 sk+Vowel口语中读音为 sg+vowel Scare sker 口语读音为s
7、gerIm so scared.You scared me.School sku:l 口语读音为sgu:lHe has studied English in school for two years.If I were a millionaire,I would start a school.162.4 st+Vowel口语中读音为 sd+vowel Start st:rt 口语读音为sd:rtIf you are ready,you may start you work.He was so excited that he started to cry.Still stil 口语读音为sdil
8、He came yesterday and he is still here.He is dull;still,he tries hard.172.5 str+Vowel口语中读音为 sdr+vowel Strike strak 口语读音为sdrakHe struck me with a stick.How does the idea strike you?Strange strend 口语读音为sdrendThe work is still strange to him.Who is that strange man over there?183.Phonetic reduction193.
9、1 口语中常见弱化词to 读成 t Nice to see you again.for 读成 f I bought this for you.or 读成 Give up or make a decision.us 读成 s Please help us.203.2 美语常用词going to gonnahave to gottawant to wannaam not/are not aint 21I am not going to tell you.I have to go now,sorry.I told you I want to go there.This is not my probl
10、em.I am not gonna tell you.I gotta go,sorry.I told you I wanna go there.This aint my problem.3.2.1 Sample224.Summary234.逆向型同化:have to;has to;had toHave to 在口语中发音为 hafteHas to 在口语中发音为 hasteHad to 在口语中发音为 hette244.1 PracticeYoull have to get off here.I have to go now.You have to do your homework.I have to go,or Ill wet my pants.That is all he has to do.I had to go and talk with Jim.We had to scratch our plans for vacation.We had to take them at their word that the job would be done on time.25
