1、2021年英语中考语法专题代词课件(22张PPT)123目 录CONTENTS知识清单知识清单1.人称代词的主格和宾格列表如下：人称代词的主格和宾格列表如下：一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数则将动一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数则将动词原形变为第三人称单数形式。词原形变为第三人称单数形式。（2）用法）用法单数单数复数复数主格主格宾格宾格主格主格宾格宾格第一人称第一人称I Imemeweweusus第二人称第二人称youyouyouyouyouyouyouyou 第三人称第三人称hehehimhim they they them themshesheher
2、heritititit2.人称代词的用法人称代词的用法人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格作主语，宾格作宾语，常用于动词、人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格作主语，宾格作宾语，常用于动词、介词之后。介词之后。She will teach us English next term.下学期她会教我们英语。下学期她会教我们英语。I wrote a letter to her yesterday.昨天我给她写了一封信。昨天我给她写了一封信。3.人称代词的语序人称代词的语序两个或两个以上的人称代词同时作主语时，排列顺序通常是：两个或两个以上的人称代词同时作主语时，排列顺序通常是：单数形式（二、三、一）单数形式（二、三
3、、一）you,he/she and I 复数形式（一、二、三）复数形式（一、二、三）we,you,and they题组训练题组训练1.This is my aunt._ is a worker.A.SheB.HeC.ItD.That2.Could _ help _?A.your;meB.you;IC.your;I D.you;me3.The twins are from England._ are Kate and Lucy.A.ThemB.OurC.They D.She4.Let _ help _.A.me;himB.me;his C.we;her D.us;their5.She gave
4、the erasers to Wang Fang and _.A.IB.meC.my D.mineADCAB1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表：物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表：单数一二三一我的你的他的她的它的我们的形容词性myyourhisheritsour名词性mineyourshishersitsours2.物主代词的用法物主代词的用法 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词相当于物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，放在名词前作定语。名词性物主代词相当于名词，相当于形容词，放在名词前
5、作定语。名词性物主代词相当于名词，相当于“形容词性形容词性物主代词名词物主代词名词”。May I use your book?I have lost mine.我可以用一下你的我可以用一下你的书吗？我的弄丢了。书吗？我的弄丢了。用括号中所给代词的适当形式填空用括号中所给代词的适当形式填空1.-Are these _(you)pencils.-Yes,they are _(our).2.-Whose pen is this?-Its _(I).3.She is _(you)classmate.4.I have a cat._(it)name is Mimi.5._(she)mother is a
6、 doctor.She works in _(I)hospital.ItsyourmineoursyourHermy反身代词反身代词 单数单数第一人称第一人称myself myself 我自己我自己ourselves ourselves 我们自己我们自己第二人称第二人称yourself yourself 你自己你自己yourselves yourselves 你们自己你们自己 第三人称第三人称himself himself 他自己他自己herself herself 她自己她自己itself itself 它自己它自己 他们自己他们自己 themselves themselves 她们自己她们
7、自己 它们自己它们自己2.反身代词的用法反身代词的用法反身代词指动作反射到动作执行者本身或进行强调。常与反身代词连用反身代词指动作反射到动作执行者本身或进行强调。常与反身代词连用的动词有的动词有:enjoy,dress,hurt,help,teach及介词及介词by,in,for,of。I hope they can enjoy themselves at the party.我希望他们在晚会中玩得开心。我希望他们在晚会中玩得开心。Help yourself to some fruit,please.请请随便吃点水果吧。随便吃点水果吧。3.反身代词的常用词组enjoy oneself 过得愉快
8、 make yourself at home 不必拘束help oneself to 随便吃 hurt oneself 伤了自己learn by oneself 自学 say to oneself 自言自语题组训练题组训练 1.-How was your visit to the park?-Wonderful!We enjoyed _ very much.A.itself B.myself C.yourselves D.ourselves2.He teaches _ English at home.A.heB.his C.himself D.him3.The baby is too youn
9、g.Dont leave her at home by _.A.herselfB.her C.hers D.she4.Lei Feng always thought of others.He never thought of _.A.heB.his C.himD.himself5.-Help _ to some fish,please.-Thank you.A.youB.yourC.yourselfD.yoursDCADC1.指示代词指示代词指示代词、疑问代词和指示代词、疑问代词和it的用法的用法单数用法复数用法this近指 This is my car.these 指下文将要提及的事 Ple
10、ase remember this:No pain,no gain.that远指 That is her book.those 指前面刚刚提过的事 He was ill.Thats why he was absent.2.疑问代词疑问代词 疑问代词用法例句who作主语、宾语、表语Who is singing in the classroom?谁在教室唱歌？whomwho的宾格形式，作表语Whom are you talking with?你在和谁说话？whosewho的所有格形式，作主语、表语、宾语、定语Whose car is this?这是谁的车？what/whowhat 询问某人的职业W
11、hat does your father do?你的父亲是做什么工作的？who询问某人的身份、姓名Who is the girl under the tree?树底下的女孩是谁？what/whichwhat指不定数目中的“哪一个，哪些，什么”，没有范围的限定What do you want?你想要什么？which“哪一个，哪一些”，指在一定范围内特指的人和物Which do you like,black or white?你想要哪个，黑的还是白的？3.it的用法的用法指代前面提到过的同一事物指代前面提到过的同一事物This is not my book.It is Jims.这不是我的书，这不
12、是我的书，它是吉姆的。它是吉姆的。用来代替指示代词用来代替指示代词this或或that-Whats this?-Its a pen.指代婴儿或不明身份的人指代婴儿或不明身份的人Someone is knocking at the door.Who is it?有有人敲门，是谁呀？人敲门，是谁呀？指代时间或季节指代时间或季节 Whats the time?几点了？几点了？指代天气指代天气Whats the weather?天气怎么样？天气怎么样？指代距离指代距离How far is it from your home to school?从你家到学校多远？从你家到学校多远？常用句型常用句型It
13、is adj.(for sb)to do sth.Its time to do sth.It seems thatIts ones turn to do sth.作形式宾语作形式宾语I find it difficult to learn English well.我发现学好英语很难。我发现学好英语很难。1.-Hello.Betty！-Hello,Lucy!_ is my good friend,Linda.A.TheB.ThisC.SheD.These2.-_ do you do every morning？-I run.A.HowB.WhatC.WhenD.Where3.-_ are th
14、ese erasers?-They are mine.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhoseD.Whom4.-May I use your computer?-Sorry,I left _ at home.A.itB.oneC.thisD.that5.-Oh,theres someone in the room.-_ must be my brother.A.HeB.ThisC.ItD.She BBCAC不定代词不定代词（一）普通不定代词（一）普通不定代词1.some与与anysome some 一般用于肯定句中 There are some apples on the desk.any any
15、 多用于疑问句、否定句或if,weather后，但在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求、建议时应用some。-Would you like some coffee?-Yes,please.2.few2.few，a fewa few，littlelittle，a littlea little 可数可数不可数不可数肯定肯定a few(a few(一些一些)a little(a little(一点儿一点儿)否定否定few(few(几乎没有几乎没有)little(little(几乎没有几乎没有)3.other,the other,others,the others,another不定
16、代词意义用法other另外的作定语，常与复数名词连用；但前面有the,some,any,my等，可与单数名词连用the other两者中的另一个常与one连用，构成“one,the other”others另一些泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），不能做定语，可以构成“some,others”结构the others其余的人特指其余所有的人和物another任何一个，另一个指三者或三者以上中的任何一个4.4.表两者、三者或三者以上的不定代词表两者、三者或三者以上的不定代词都任何两者botheither三者或三者以上allany（二）（二）复合不定代词复合不定代词1.复合不复合不定代词包括：定代词包括
17、：somebody 某人 anybody 任何人nobody 没有人everybody 每个人someone 某人anyone 任何人no one 没有人everyone 每个人something 某事anything 任何事 nothing 没有东西everything 每件事2.复合不定代词的用法复合不定代词的用法复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式Everyone is here.大家都在。复合不定代词的修饰语放到其后面I have something interesting to tell you.我有一些有趣的事要告诉你。复合不定代词可以与else连用，但不能与other连
18、用He has something else to say.他有一些其他的事要说。题组训练题组训练单项选择单项选择1.-Would you like some juice or bread?-_.Im really thirsty and hungry after such a long walk.A.BothB.EitherC.NothingD.None2.We need some more coffee.There is only _ left.A.too manyB.too muchC.a littleD.a few3.There are quite a few old books on
19、 the shelf,but _ of them is useful to him.A.bothB.allC.neitherD.none4.-Would you like some more rice?-Yes,Just _.A.a fewB.fewC.a little D.little5.Dont worry.There is _ with her leg.A.something seriousB.anything serious C.nothing seriousD.serious nothingACDCC中考真题中考真题1.My brother will come to see me t
20、omorrow.Ill meet _ at the airport.A.herB.youC.himD.them2.I cant find my tickets?I think I have lost _.A.itB.oneC.thisD.them 3.-Do you like watching ping-pong matches?-Yes,and _ favorite ping-pong player is Ma Long.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours4.Good words can touch not only your heart but also _.A.IB.myC.myse
21、lfD.mine5.Many people find that listening to some good music helps _ when they are low.A.usB.youC.themD.itCC6.-What a nice model plane!-Thanks,I made it with a 3-D printer by _.A.meB.him C.itselfD.myself 7.-I cant find my eraser.May I use _?-Of course.A.youB.your C.yoursD.yourself8.The teachers are very patient when we ask _ for help.A.theyB.them C.theirD.him9.-What a bad day!-Everyone has one of those days when _ goes right.A.nothingB.anything C.everythingD.something10.Helen has got two brothers._ of them likes chocolate,but she loves it.A.NeitherB.None C.EachD.AnyDCBAA
