1、Unit3LanguageinuseModule9PopulationObjectives：Tounderstandandapplythearticles(a/an/the)andbignumbers1.Beijingisahugecity.2.Ittakesanhourtogettherebybus.3.Thatsalmostonefifthoftheworldspopulation.Areyoufamiliarwiththesesentences?Pleasepayattentiontothearticles.4.ThesmalllocalschoolinParkvillecloseddo
2、wnfiveyearsago.5.Thatmakesover131.4millionbirthayear.6.Butinthefuture,Chinaspopulationwontgrowsofast,becausefamiliesaregettingsmaller.7.ItisclearthatArnwickneedsmoreschools,busesandhospitals.8.Theyhadasmallhouse,closetofieldsandhills.9.Infact,thisisjustastory.10.Doweneedmorebigcitieslikethis?11.Aswe
3、say,ahundredpeoplemakeathousandproblems.1.totestyoursenseofobservation2.totestyourabilityofshort-termmemory3.totestyourabilityofinductivemethod1.Beijingis_hugecity.2.Ittakes_hourtogettherebybus.3.Thatsalmost_(五五分分之之一一)oftheworldspopulation.4._smalllocalschoolinParkvillecloseddownfiveyearsago.5.Thatm
4、akesover131.4_(百百万万)birthayear.aanonefifthThemillion6.Butinthefuture,Chinaspopulationwontgrowsofast,because_familiesaregettingsmaller.7.ItisclearthatArnwickneedsmore_schools,busesandhospitals.8.Theyhad_smallhouse,closetofieldsandhills.9.Infact,thisisjust_story.10.Doweneedmorebig_citieslikethis?11.As
5、wesay,_(一一百百)peoplemake_(一一千千)problems./aa/ahundredathousand以以上上我我们们已已经经通通过过归归纳纳总总结结和和练练习习对对本本课课的的语语法法内内容容有有了了一一定定的的了了解解,下下面面就就让让我我们们根根据据之之前前练练习习的的考考察察情情况况进进一一步步选选择择讲讲解解该该语语法法项项的的重重难难点点。1.冠冠词词是是虚虚词词，本本身身不不能能单单独独使使用用，也也没没有有词词义义，它它用用在在名名词词的的前前面面，帮帮助助指指明明名名词词的的含含义义。2.冠冠词词分分为为不不定定冠冠词词a/an和和定定冠冠词词the两两种种
6、。分分析析：a和和an均均用用于于单单数数可可数数名名词词之之前前，表表示示一一类类人人或或事事物物中中的的“任任何何”一一个个，相相当当于于汉汉语语中中的的“一一”，但但不不用用于于强强调调数数目目的的概概念念。例例1:Jacksfatheris_doctor.A.aB.anC.someD./例例2:Thereis_“f”and_“u”intheword“four”.A.an,aB.a,aC.an,anD.a,an分分析析：在在名名词词前前使使用用a或或an要要取取决决于于该该名名词词的的读读音音。如如果果首首字字母母的的读读音音是是元元音音因因素素，应应用用an；如如果果首首字字母母的的读
7、读音音是是辅辅音音音音素素，应应用用a。1.a,e,i,o,u五五个个元元音音字字母母处处于于词词首首时时，未未必必都都是是元元音音音音素素，u发发音音ju:或或ju前前面面用用冠冠词词a,u读读?时时前前面面用用冠冠词词an。2.26个个字字母母中中以以开开头头为为元元音音音音素素发发音音的的字字母母有有：fef,heit,lel,nen,ra:,ses,xeks。Thereisan“R”intheword.ThisisaEuropeancountry.European词词首首字字母母不不发发音音,j是是辅辅音音音音素素。Thisisaone-eyeddog.onew是是辅辅音音音音素素。例
8、例3:-Whynottake_friendwithyou?-Thats_goodidea.A.a,aB.the,theC.a,theD.the,a分分析析：使使用用不不定定冠冠词词指指某某人人或或某某物物，但但不不具具体体说说明明是是何何人人或或何何物物。例例4:Takethemedicinethreetimes_day.A.aB.theC.anD./分分析析：使使用用不不定定冠冠词词表表示示单单位位，fiftymilesanhour意意为为“每每小小时时50公公里里”，twiceaweek意意为为“每每周周两两次次”。例例5:Englishis_language.Itis_important
9、tool.A.a,aB.a,anC.the,anD.a,/分分析析：alanguage意意为为“一一种种语语言言”。language是是可可数数名名词词。例例6:_steelworkermakessteel.A./B.AC.ThisD.That分分析析：a(an)放放于于单单数数的的可可数数名名词词前前表表示示“一一类类”。该该句句中中asteelworker是是指指钢钢铁铁工工人人们们。表表示示一一类类有有三三种种方方式式：Abikeisslowerthanacar.Thebikeisslowerthanthecar.Bikesareslowerthancars.例例7:Tomhas_hig
10、hfeverandhismotherislookingafterhim.A.aB.theC.anD./分分析析:表表示示生生什什么么病病前前应应用用a,haveaheadache,haveacold。例例8:Marytakes_walkaftersuppereveryday.A.theB.aC./D.one分分析析:give,take,have与与一一些些动动词词名名词词化化的的词词连连用用，表表示示一一次次动动作作，名名词词前前要要加加a。haveatalk(bath,look);makealiving(promise);takeaswim(walk,rest)giveatalk(whist
11、le,smile)例例9:Theoldwomanhad_fireinherroom.A.theB./C.aD.this分分析析:抽抽象象名名词词和和物物质质名名词词的的具具体体化化时时，该该名名词词前前要要加加a。Itisagreatjoytostudyatthiscollege.Thiskindofwoodcanmakeintoagoodpaper.Hemadealivingbysellingnewspaper.例例1:Thereis_bridgeovertheriver._bridgeismadeofstone.A.a,AB.a,TheC.the,TheD.the,A分分析析:文文章章中中
12、第第一一次次出出现现的的可可数数名名词词前前用用a(an)。下下次次再再出出现现此此名名词词则则用用the。Ihavealittlebird.Thebirdisyellow.例例2:_oldworkersunderthattreearefromShanghai.A.TheB.AnC.ThisD.That分分析析：名名词词后后有有表表示示范范围围、地地点点的的介介词词短短语语限限定定时时,名名词词前前应应加加the来来表表示示特特指指。Theboyshereareinterestedinsports.例例3:_firstonesatdownandthesecondstoodup.A.TheB.A
13、C.OneD.An分分析析:序序数数词词前前表表示示顺顺序序时时前前加加the。Maryisthethirdtocomein.例例4:Winteris_coldestseasonoftheyear.A.aB.theC./D.so分分析析:形形容容词词最最高高级级前前及及Only修修饰饰的的名名词词前前均均要要加加the。Maryistheonlygirlwhoisoftenlateforclass.例例5:_moonmovesaround_earth,andtheybotharesmallerthan_sun.A.The,the,theB.A,an,aC.The,an,theD.The,the
14、,a分分析析:定定冠冠词词用用于于表表示示世世界界上上独独一一无无二二的的物物体体名名词词前前。例例6:Welivein_southofChina.A.theB./C.aD.some分分析析:表表示示东东、南南、西西、北北方方的的名名词词前前要要加加the。Thesunrisesintheeast.例例7:_brownsarewatchingTVathomeatthemoment.A./B.TheC.Mr.D.A分分析析:the放放于于姓姓氏氏的的复复数数形形式式前前时时，表表示示一一家家人人或或一一姓姓的的夫夫妇妇二二人人。例例8:Hewillgotoseeyouoffat_RailwayS
15、tation.A.aB.anC.theD./分分析析:the普普通通名名词词构构成成专专有有名名词词。theUnitedStatestheUnitedNationsthePeoplesRepublicofChina例例9:Iwasplaying_pianoateightyesterdaymorning.A.aB./C.theD.this分分析析:play乐乐器器表表示示弹弹奏奏时时，该该乐乐器器名名词词前前加加the。AlicelikestoplaytheviolinwhileKatelikestoplaytheflute.表表示示数数量量时时可可用用a。Thisisanewpianoagai
16、nstthewall.例例10:Ourteachergetsupearlyin_morning.A.theB./C.aD.an分分析析:牢牢记记一一些些含含the的的习习惯惯用用语语，在在句句中中用用作作时时间间状状语语。intheafternoon(evening)inthedaytimeatthebeginningintheend例例11:Thereisalargeshipin_middleoftheriver.A.aB./C.theD.any分分析析:牢牢记记一一些些含含the的的习习惯惯用用语语，在在句句中中用用作作地地点点状状语语。ontheright(left)/inthefron
17、tofinthemiddleofthemeeting/theforest/atthefootofthehill例例12:Lastnightwewentto_cinema.A.theB.aC./D.those分分析析:牢牢记记一一些些固固定定搭搭配配：gototheconcert(theatre)例例13:_youngshouldcareforandhelp_old.A.The,aB.The,theC.A,theD.An,an分分析析:the形形容容词词（形形容容词词名名词词化化）表表示示一一类类人人或或事事物物。thepoor/therich/thesick/thebeautiful例例14:
18、Thesmalltownlieson_YangtziRiver.A.aB.anC./D.the分分析析:定定冠冠词词the用用在在江江河河、海海洋洋、山山脉脉、湖湖泊泊、群群岛岛名名称称的的前前面面。theDeadSea/theBlackSeatheNorthChinaPlain华华北北平平原原例例1:Paperismadeof_bamboo.A.aB.theC./D.that分分析析:物物质质名名词词和和抽抽象象名名词词前前一一般般不不加加冠冠词词。Woodcanbemadeintochairsandtables.Ironisakindofmetal.例例2:_Januaryisthefir
19、stmonthoftheyear.A.TheB.AC./D.That分分析析:表表示示节节日日、月月份份的的名名词词前前一一般般不不加加the。Springiscoming.HewasborninDecember.如如果果表表示示有有某某年年限限定定的的季季节节和和月月份份时时，季季节节和和月月份份前前要要加加the。HewasbornintheSummerof1964.例例3:Wehavenoclasses_Sundays.A.theB.theseC.D.those分分析析:表表示示一一周周中中七七日日的的名名称称前前一一般般不不加加冠冠词词。例例4:Istudies_Englishin_E
20、ngland.A./,/B.an,theC.an,anD./,the分分析析:学学科科前前和和国国名名、洲洲名名前前一一般般不不加加冠冠词词。learnChinese(maths,physics,chemistry)ChinaisinAsia.inGermany(Japan)inAfrica(Europe)例例5:Theyoftentakeawalkin_HydePark.A.theB.aC./D.this分分析析:在在一一些些专专有有名名词词（地地名名、节节假假日日）之之前前不不加加冠冠词词。ChristmasDayNewyearsEveNationalDayChildrensDayTeac
21、hersDayWallStreet例例6:Thethiefwasthrowninto_prison.A.theB.aC.thisD./分分析析:表表示示某某一一概概念念，而而不不是是某某具具体体工工作作的的部部门门时时，名名词词前前不不加加冠冠词词。例例7:Hedoesnthave_breakfastathome.A.aB.theC.thisD./分分析析:表表示示三三餐餐的的名名词词前前不不加加冠冠词词，如如果果前前面面有有形形容容词词修修饰饰该该词词，表表示示“一一顿顿的的饭饭”，可可加加a。haveabigsupper(nicelunch)例例8:Wegotoworkby_bus.A./
22、B.aC.theD.one分分析析:表表示示交交通通工工具具的的手手段段时时，用用by名名词词表表示示，该该名名词词前前不不用用冠冠词词。bybike(taxi,car,train,plane,spaceship)或或bysea(water,air,land)如如果果用用介介词词in或或on，名名词词前前要要加加冠冠词词或或物物主主代代词词。例例9:_runningisgood.A.TheB.AC./D.An分分析析:动动名名词词前前一一般般不不用用冠冠词词。Walkingonthemoonisdifficult.Seeingisbelieving.例例10:Theseboysplay_foo
23、tballafterclass.A.aB.theC.thatD./分分析析:球球类类、棋棋类类、游游戏戏名名称称前前不不加加冠冠词词。例例11:Thestudentsof_GradeOnearehavingameeting.A.theseB./C.aD.an分分析析:名名词词数数词词表表示示顺顺序序时时，前前面面不不加加冠冠词词the；序序数数词词名名词词表表示示顺顺序序数数，序序数数词词前前加加冠冠词词the。turntopage3/thethirdpageLessonOne/thefirstlessongateFive/thefifthGate例例12:Thereisno_bookonth
24、edesk.A.theB.aC.anD./分分析析:名名词词前前有有物物主主代代词词、指指示示代代词词、不不定定代代词词、名名词词所所有有格格或或any和和no时时，均均不不再再用用冠冠词词。如如：nobooks,notabook,notanybooks例例13:Heoftenworkslateat_night.A./B.theC.aD.all分分析析：表表示示时时间间或或地地点点的的一一些些介介词词名名词词的的词词组组和和一一些些固固定定词词组组中中，均均不不加加冠冠词词。athome,intown,atnoon,atdaybreak,introuble,indanger,infact等等。
25、注注意意：有有些些名名词词前前用用冠冠词词或或不不用用冠冠词词，其其意意义义有有所所不不同同。如如：1)attable在在吃吃饭饭atthetable在在桌桌子子旁旁2)inclass在在上上课课intheclass在在班班级级中中3)gotoschool去去上上学学gototheschool到到那那所所学学校校去去4)gotobed上上床床睡睡觉觉gotothebed到到床床那那边边去去5)infrontof在在的的前前面面inthefrontof在在的的前前部部1.表表示示一一类类人人或或事事物物中中的的“任任何何”一一个个，相相当当于于汉汉语语中中“一一”，但但不不用用于于强强调调数数目
26、目的的概概念念。2.指指某某人人或或某某物物，但但不不具具体体说说明明是是何何人人或或何何物物。3.表表示示单单位位。4.表表示示“一一类类”。不不定定冠冠词词的的用用法法Summary1.文文章章中中第第一一次次出出现现的的可可数数名名词词前前用用a/an。下下次次再再出出现现此此名名词词时时。2.名名词词后后有有表表示示范范围围、地地点点的的介介词词短短语语限限定定时时。3.序序数数词词前前表表示示顺顺序序时时。4.形形容容词词最最高高级级前前及及only修修饰饰的的名名词词前前。5.定定冠冠词词用用于于表表示示世世界界上上独独一一无无二二的的物物体体名名词词前前。定定冠冠词词的的用用法法
27、6.表表示示东东、南南、西西、北北方方的的名名词词前前7.姓姓氏氏的的复复数数形形式式前前时时,表表示示一一家家人人或或一一姓姓的的夫夫妇妇二二人人。8.the普普通通名名词词构构成成专专有有名名词词。9.play乐乐器器表表示示弹弹奏奏时时，该该乐乐器器名名词词前前加加the。10.the形形容容词词（形形容容词词名名词词化化）表表示示一一类类人人或或事事物物。11.定定冠冠词词the用用在在江江河河、海海洋洋、山山脉脉、湖湖泊泊、群群岛岛名名称称的的前前面面。1.物物质质名名词词和和抽抽象象名名词词前前一一般般不不加加冠冠词词。2.表表示示节节日日、月月份份的的名名词词前前一一般般不不加加
28、the。3.表表示示一一周周中中七七日日的的名名称称前前一一般般不不加加冠冠词词。4.学学科科前前和和国国名名、洲洲名名前前一一般般不不加加冠冠词词。5.在在一一些些专专有有名名词词（地地名名、节节假假日日）之之前前不不加加冠冠词词。6.表表示示某某一一概概念念，而而不不是是某某具具体体工工作作的的部部门门时时，名名词词前前不不加加冠冠词词。7.表表示示三三餐餐的的名名词词前前不不加加冠冠词词。零零冠冠词词的的用用法法8.表表示示交交通通工工具具的的手手段段时时，用用by名名词词表表示示，该该名名词词前前不不用用冠冠词词。9.动动名名词词前前一一般般不不用用冠冠词词。10.球球类类、棋棋类类、
29、游游戏戏名名称称前前不不加加冠冠词词。11.名名词词前前有有物物主主代代词词、指指示示代代词词、不不定定代代词词、名名词词所所有有格格或或any和和no时时，均均不不再再用用冠冠词词。12.表表示示时时间间或或地地点点的的一一些些介介词词名名词词的的词词组组和和一一些些固固定定词词组组中中，均均不不加加冠冠词词。13.家家庭庭成成员员的的称称呼呼、称称呼呼语语或或只只一一人人担担任任的的职职务务名名词词前前不不用用冠冠词词。英英语语分分数数的的表表示示法法：用用“基基数数词词序序数数词词”表表示示，其其中中基基数数词词表表示示分分子子，序序数数词词表表示示分分母母。分分子子除除用用one外外，
30、也也可可用用a；如如果果分分子子大大于于1，分分母母要要用用复复数数形形式式。Twothirdsofthestudentshavepassedtheexam.三三分分之之二二的的学学生生考考试试及及格格了了。注注意意：12不不能能说说a（one）second，而而要要说说a（one）half。14和和34可可以以说说a（one）fourth和和threefourths，但但常常用用aquarter和和threequarters表表示示。若若它它们们在在句句子子中中作作主主语语，则则谓谓语语动动词词是是用用单单数数还还是是复复数数取取决决于于名名词词，即即与与分分数数所所修修饰饰的的名名词词保保
31、持持一一致致。Abouttwothirdsofthestudentsattendthemeeting大大约约23的的学学生生都都参参加加了了会会议议。在在英英语语中中，对对于于万万以以上上的的数数字字，我我们们改改如如何何表表达达呢呢？这这就就要要记记住住英英语语数数字字读读法法特特点点。以以下下面面一一个个数数字字为为例例：6，500，431，729hundredthousandmillionbillion注注意意每每三三个个数数为为一一个个单单位位，按按照照百百、十十、个个向向下下读读。大大数数字字的的表表达达方方法法6，500，431，729sevenhundredandtwenty-n
32、inethousandmillionbillionsixbillion,fivehundredmillion,fourhundredandthirty-onethousand,hundredWorkinpairs.Matchthecountrieswiththeirpopulations.ChinatheUSAustraliaNewZealanda)4,437,000b)22,956,000c)314,791,000d)1,370,537,000Readyouranswerstothewholeclass.ChinahasapopulationofNowlistenandcheck.1Read
33、thechartandanswerthequestions.31.Whichcityhadthelargestpopulationin2000?2.Whichcityspopulationwillincreasethemostfrom2000to2025?Tokyohadthelargestpopulationin2000.Mumbaispopulationwillincreasethemostfrom2000to2025.3.Whichcitywillhavealargerincreaseinitspopulation,NewYorkorMexicoCity?4.Whichcity/citi
34、esdoyouthinkwillhavethebiggestpopulationproblem?Why?MexicoCitywillhavealargerincreaseinitspopulation.IthinkMumbaiwillhavethebiggestpopulationproblembecauseitspopulationwillincreasethefastest.Minais(1)_eighteen-year-oldgirl.Shehasgot(2)_brotherand(3)_sister.Minais(4)_oldestchildin(5)_family.Shelivesi
35、n(6)_verybigcity.Shehas(7)_jobin(8)_hotel.Shehopesthatonedayshewillhave(9)_chancetogoto(10)_college.Completethepassage,witha,anorthewherenecessary.anaathetheaaaa/4Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.5fewgoodmuchsmall1.WebelievetheschoolsinArnwickareverygood,andweareworkingtomake
36、themeven_.better2.Theirflatistoolargefortwopeople.Theywanttofinda_one.3.Annaalwaystalksaboutherideas.Ithinksheneedstolisten_.4.Therearealotofparksinthiscity.Ithinkthereare_parksinalotofothercities.smallermorefewerCompletethepassagewiththewordsinthebox.countrysidepollutionpopulationspacetraffic7Ourwo
37、rldisfacingmanyproblems.Twoofthebiggestareincreasingpopulationandpollution.The(1)_oftheworldisincreasingquickly.Whyisthishappening?Becausemorebabiesareborneveryyearandpeoplealsolivelonger.Manypeopleareleavingthe(2)_toworkinthecities,butthereisnotenough(3)_forsomanypeople.populationspacecountrysideAn
38、otherhugeproblemfortheworldis(4)_.Thereissomuch(5)_ontheroadthatinsomecitiestheairisheavilypolluted.Weshouldworkhardertoprotectourworld.pollutiontraffic复复习习定定冠冠词词、不不定定冠冠词词和和零零冠冠词词的的用用法法。复复习习大大数数字字的的表表达达方方法法。MakingagraphModuletask:Step1:Workingroups.Preparetomakeyourgraph.Chooseacountryortownwhichint
39、erestsyou.Itcouldbeyourhometown.Decidethepointsoftimeyouwanttolookatforexample,now,tenyearsagoandtenyearsfromnow.Researchthepopulationofyourplaceinthoseyears.Writeyournotescarefully.Step2:Makeyourgraph.Decidehowyouwanttomakeyourgraph.Drawitandcolourit.Youcanalsomakeitonthecomputer.Labelitclearly.Ste
40、p3:Writeaparagraphtodescribeyourgraph.注注:wwo or rd d文文档档点点击击此此处处链链接接1.Theresnoairorwateron_moon.2._YellowRiveris_secondlongestriverin_China.3.Mymotherboughtme_verynicebike.Ilike_bikeverymuch.4.XiaoMinglikesplaying_basketball,buthedoesntlikeplaying_piano.theThetheathe/the/QuizI.填填入入正正确确的的冠冠词词。5.Thest
41、udentsdonthaveclassesin_afternoonon_Saturday.6.IoftenwatchTVin_evening.7.Letsgooutfor_walk.8.Whatwouldyoulikeforlunch,_coffeeor_milk?the/thea/II.用用英英语语“读读”出出下下列列数数字字。如如：485fourhundredandeighty-five1.8462.4,5173.59,2484.8,326,0005.9,368,600,000eighthundredandforty-sixfourthousand,fivehundredandseventeenfifty-ninethousand,twohundredandforty-eighteightmillion,threehundredandtwenty-sixthousandninebillion,threehundredandsixty-eightmillion,sixhundredthousandSummarizewhatwehavelearntinthismoduleandpreviewthenext.Homework1.Topreviewthenewwordsofnextmodule2.Tosearchsomeinformationaboutweather
