1、Unit 1 Wise men in historyModule 1 Geniuses自主预习自主预习一、根据汉语写出英文单词1.金的(adj.)_2.真的；正宗的(adj.)_ 3.不能肯定(v.)_ 4.解决(v.)_5.笔直地(adv.)_ 6.错误(n.)_ 7.同意；应允(n.)_8.奥运会(n.)_ 9.真相(n.)_ 10.取代(v.)_ 11.勇敢的(adj.)_ 12.确定的(adj.)_ golden realdoubtsolvestraightmistakeagreementOlympicstruthdisplacebravecertain二、根据汉语写出下列词组1.用把
2、装满 _2.溢出 _3.(对某人或事物)满意的_4.对感到惊奇_5.确保_6.找出真相_7.分成两半_8.把关进监狱_fill.with.run over(be)happy with(be)amazed at.make surefind out the truthin halfsend.to prison三、翻译下列句子1.一开始，他对此感到非常满意。_2.他把它递给阿基米德，要他找出真相。_3.这个问题看起来很难解决。_4.当他进入浴缸时，一些水溢出来了。_5.我肯定这不是完全用黄金制成的。_At first,he was very happy with it.He sent it to A
3、rchimedes and asked him to find out the truth.This problem seems difficult to solve.When he got into the bath,some water ran over.Im certain that its not completely made of gold.词汇精析词汇精析【1】goldenadj.something that is bright yellow in colour 金色的金色的;things that are made of gold 金的金的She has blue eyes a
4、nd long golden hair.她有蓝色的她有蓝色的眼睛和长长的金发。眼睛和长长的金发。【同根词】【同根词】gold n.黄金黄金People used to pay in gold.人们过去常以黄金支付。人们过去常以黄金支付。gold adj.金制的；金色的金制的；金色的He won the gold medal in the marathon.他赢得马拉他赢得马拉松比赛的金牌。松比赛的金牌。【辨析】golden与goldgolden和gold作为形容词都有“金的”的意思。golden强调的是颜色；gold强调的是用料。She combed and arranged her gold
5、en hair.她梳理好自己的金发。The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award.奥林匹克的优胜者获得一枚金牌作为奖赏。【应用】(1)（）They got a _ in their school football match.A.gold model B.gold medalC.golden medal(2)I will never forget the _（gold）school days.Bgolden【2】agreementn.（不可数）（不可数）having the same opinion as others have 同意
6、，应允；（可数）同意，应允；（可数）a formal decision about future action that is made by two or more countries,groups,or people 协议，协定，契约协议，协定，契约We are in agreement with their decision.我们同意他们的决定。They signed an agreement to rent a house.他们签订了租房协定。【同根词】（1）agree v.同意We agreed to leave at once.我们同意马上离开。（2）disagree v.不同意H
7、is conduct disagrees with his words.他言行不一。（3）disagreement n.意见不同；不一致；争论We have been having a few disagreements in the committee lately.近来我们委员会中发生了一些争执。【拓展】be in agreement with.=agree with.I am entirely in agreement with you.=I entirely agree with you.我完全赞同你。【应用】(1)My parents are in _（agree）on what c
8、olour to paint the house.(2)Many _（agree）have been made between France and England.agreementagreements【3】doubtv.believe something might not be true or genuine 怀疑；不能肯定；对怀疑；不能肯定；对无把握无把握Do you doubt that I love you?我爱你，对此你有怀疑吗?【同根词】doubtful adj.无把握的We feel doubtful about whether he will show up or not.
9、我们没把握他会不会出现。【拓展】（1）doubt=be not sureI doubt his words.=I am not sure if his words are true.我怀疑他所说的。（2）without doubtundoubtedly 确实地；匆庸置疑地Without doubt,he did it.=Undoubtedly,he did it.毫无疑问，他做到了。【应用】(1)_（doubt）,online shopping has many advantages.(2)Im not _（doubt）at all that she has passed all the ex
10、ams.Undoubtedlydoubtful【4】realadj.something that actually exists and is not imagined,invented,or theoretical 真的，真实的；真的，真实的；someone or something that has all the characteristics or qualities that such a person or thing typically has 正正宗的，名副其实的宗的，名副其实的He felt like he wasnt a real manthat he couldnt su
11、pport his family.无法支撑他的家庭，这使他觉得自己不是一个真正的男人。【同根词】（1）really adv.真的；十分His thought is really different from others.他的想法和其他人十分不一样。（2）realize v.意识到She hasnt realized her mistake yet.她还没有认识到她的错误。（3）reality n.真实;现实The reality is that they are poor.现实是他们很贫穷。【应用】(1)I _（real）like the book.(2)（）It is nice of yo
12、u to say so.A.realB.trulyC.really reallyC【5】certainadj.firmly believe something is true and have no doubt about it确定的；肯定的确定的；肯定的He is certain to come.=He is sure to come.他一定会来的。【同根词】（1）certainly adv.肯定地His death was certainly not an accident.他的死绝非意外。（2）uncertain adj.不确定的The result of the election is
13、 still uncertain.选举结果仍未确定。【拓展】be certain of 确信;深信He is certain of his success in the election.他确信自己能竞选成功。【应用】(1)（）Its quite that he will present at the meeting.A.exactB.certain C.right(2)（）Could you come here,please?_.A.Certainly B.Yes,I loved C.No,I couldnt BA【6】mistaken.do something which you did
14、not intend to do,or which produces a result that you do not want 错误错误He made many mistakes because of his carelessness.因为粗心大意，他犯了很多错误。【拓展】（1）mistake v.误认为They mistook him for the manager.他们错把他当成经理了。（2）make a mistake 犯错误I wont make a similar mistake next time.我不会再犯类似的错误了。（3）by mistake 错误地 I took your
15、 umbrella by mistake.我错把你的雨伞拿走了。（4）be mistaken for.被误认为She is often mistaken for her twin sister.她常被误认为是她的孪生姐姐。【辨析】error,mistake与faulterror，mistake和fault均为名词，都可译作“错误”，但用法不同。error的使用范围较窄，常指在计算、书写等过程中出现的“差错”；mistake范围较宽，可指各种错误；fault通常指人的“过失；过错”。【应用】（）“I dont think its my _ that the TV blew up.I just t
16、urned it on,thats all,”said the boy.A.errorB.mistakeC.fault C【7】(be)happy with（对某人或事物）满意的（对某人或事物）满意的Im going to be happy with the new look.那样的新外那样的新外观会让我满意得多。观会让我满意得多。【拓展】（1）be satisfied with=be happy with，均意为“对满意的”。You will certain be happy with your new school.=You will certain be satisfied with y
17、our new school.你肯定会满意你的新学校。（2）be unhappy with 对不满意的I was very unhappy with what he had said.我非常不满意他所说的。【应用】（）Are you happy _ your new house now?Yes,I am.A.atB.withC.ofB【8】fill.with.用用把把装满装满He filled the bottle with wine.他用酒装满了那只瓶子。【拓展】be filled with=be full of 充满The hall was filled with choking clou
18、ds of smoke.=The hall was full of choking clouds of smoke.大厅里充满了使人透不过气来的烟雾。【辨析】be filled with与be full ofbe filled with 和be full of 都有“充满”的意思。be filled with一般指用某种物体（一般不会是人）填满某个物体，侧重于动作和装的东西;be full of指某样东西里面都是某种物体,侧重于状态。The basket is filled with apples by the old man.那老人用苹果把篮子装满了。The bottle is full o
19、f water.那只瓶子装满了水。【应用】（）On Sundays the shops in the middle of the city _ people.A.are always full ofB.always full withC.are always filled withA语法梳理语法梳理语法精讲反意疑问句反意疑问句1.反意疑问句的定义和结构反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，是在陈述句之后，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出的疑问。其基本结构有两种：一是“肯定陈述句简略否定问句”；二是“否定陈述句简略肯定问句”。如：He likes English,doesnt he?他喜欢英语,是吗？He does
20、nt like English,does he?他不喜欢英语,是吗？2.特殊的反意疑问句语法总结陈述部分陈述部分疑问部分疑问部分1.主语为Iarent I2.谓语为wishmay+主语（代词）3.主句带有no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词肯定形式4.谓语为ought toshouldnt/oughtnt+主语5.谓语为have to+v.（had to+v.）dont+主语（didnt+主语）6.谓语为used todidnt+主语或 usednt+主语7.谓语为had better+v.hadnt yo
21、u8.谓语为would rather+v.wouldnt+主语陈述部分陈述部分疑问部分疑问部分9.youd like to+v.wouldnt+主语10.Must根据实际情况而定11.感叹句be(not)+主语12.neither.nor,either.or 连接的并列主语根据其实际逻辑意义而定13.指示代词或不定代词everything,that等主语用it 14.并列复合句谓语根据邻近从句的谓语动词而定15.定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句根据主句的谓语而定 16.everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one主语复数用they,单数用he 续表续表陈述部分陈
22、述部分疑问部分疑问部分17.情态动词need或dareneed（dare）+主语 18.dare,need 为实义动词do(not)+主语19.省去主语的祈使句will you？20.Lets 开头的祈使句shall we?21.Let us 开头的祈使句will you?22.there be相应的谓语动词的否定形式+there23.否定前缀不能视为否定词仍用否定形式24.must表示“推测”根据其推测的情况来确定续表续表3.句子类型只有一个主语和一个谓语的句子称为简单句，简单句按句子功能可分四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。（1）陈述句：说明一件事情，以句号结尾，分为肯定句和否定句。否
23、定句由助动词加not或be动词加not构成。He isnt my father.他不是我的父亲。He doesnt want the drink.他不想要喝的。（2）疑问句：一般疑问句：把陈述句的be动词、助动词或情态动词置于句首构成，用yes/no来回答。特殊疑问句：由what/when/who/why/how等疑问词+一般疑问句语序，不能用yes/no回答，需根据实际情况，问什么答什么。选择疑问句：用or连接询问的两部分，回答需选择其中一种，不能用yes/no回答。反意疑问句：参照语法精讲的1、2部分。（3）祈使句：谓语动词用原形，祈使内容为形容词时用be开头。Open your book
24、.翻开你的书。Be nice,please.请友好点。（4）感叹句：表达强烈感情的句子，由what或how引导。有以下两种句型：What+a/an+形容词+名词（s）+主语+谓语+其他+！What a good boy he is!=What a good boy!真是个好男孩！How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他+！How fast he ran!他跑得真快！注意：要区分what和how引导的感叹句中形容词所修饰的成分。直击中考()1.He hardly goes to school by car,_ he?（2014铜仁）A.doesB.doesnt C.is D.isnt()2._ d
25、oes your cousin usually go to work on foot?（2014重庆）He says its good for his health.A.Where B.When C.Why D.How()3.Judys never been late for school,_ she?（2014达州）_.She is always the first to get to school every morning.A.is;Yes B.has;No C.isnt;Yes D.hasnt;NoACB写作乐园写作乐园话题一名人事迹介绍【常用词组】1.be of medium bui
26、ld 中等身材2.be keen on doing sth.热爱做某事3.be good at doing sth.擅长做某事4.hard-working 勤奋的5.win prizes 获奖6.be proud of 为感到骄傲【精彩句型】1.He was born in Poland on Nov.9th,1860.他于1860年11月9日出生于波兰。2.She became a movie star when she was 4 years old.她4岁的时候就成为一名电影明星。3.She is remembered and respected by people all over t
27、he world.她被全世界的人民所铭记和敬佩。4.Henry Ford is one of the most influential inventors in the history.亨利福特是历史上最有影响力的发明家之一。【短文写作】请以“The first Chinese to space”为题，根据下面的提示写一篇介绍我国执行首次载人飞行任务的航天英雄的短文。要求80词左右，可适当增减细节。提示：1.中国遨游太空第一人，杨利伟，1965年出生于辽宁省；2.1987年加入中国空军，是一名非常优秀的飞行员；3.接受5年的宇航员训练后，于2003年10月15日上午9:00乘坐神舟五号飞船飞向
28、太空，并于次日早晨6:23安全返回地面；4.在空中停留21小时中，他随飞船绕地球14周。【范文赏析】The first Chinese to spaceYang Liwei,Chinas first spaceman,was born in Liaoning Province in 1965.He became a pilot in Chinese air force in 1987.He has spent 5 years training to become a spaceman.Yang Liwei was sent into space at 9 a.m.on October 15th
29、,2003 by Chinas Shenzhou V spacecraft,which orbited the Earth 14 times.He landed safely at 6:23 a.m.the next day,making China the third country successfully sending a person into space.He came back to the Earth after a 21-hour trip to space.In space,He recorded everything he saw and showed Chinas national flag to the world.We are all proud of Yang Liwei,our space hero.
