1、初中英语初中英语阅读理解题的解题技巧阅读理解题的解题技巧 2022-11-7l主旨大意l细节理解l猜测词义l推理判断 2)问中心)问中心 _ 3)问目的;态度问目的;态度 The author wants to tell _ The purpose of this article is to _l以偏概全l夸大主题l把观点强加给作者l找主题句。主题句是归纳文章中心的句子,它的出现有三种情况:主题句在文章开头,其后的句子则是论证主题句在文章开头,其后的句子则是论证性细节。性细节。新闻报道、说明文、议论文常新闻报道、说明文、议论文常用此方式。用此方式。1.在开头。在开头。Good morning.
2、The program today is about music.The word“music”comes from the Greek word“muse”.The Muses are the goddesses of the arts.Music is only one of the arts.It is like the spoken language,but is uses sounds.Todays program brings together music from different corners of the world.Who invented music?Who sang
3、 the first song?No one knows exactly the answers to these questions.But we know that music plays an important part in almost everyones life.Babies and young children love to hear people singing to them.When they are a little older,they like to sing the songs they have heard.When children go to schoo
4、l,their world of music grows.In the middle grades students take music lessons.When they reach high school,they become interested in listening to pop music.文章开头就说明今天的节目是关于音乐的,其后的句子都是围绕介绍音乐的。从音乐的起源,形式,作用到全世界的受人喜爱音乐,进行逐一说明。l文章最后一句文章最后一句“In fact,the true love is not built on friendship,loyalty or blood
5、relationship.Instead,itis based on no relationship.真正的爱不以友谊、忠诚抑或真正的爱不以友谊、忠诚抑或是血缘关系为前提,事实上,真正的爱,是血缘关系为前提,事实上,真正的爱,是无条件的博爱。是无条件的博爱。”就是在前面故事的基就是在前面故事的基础上的总结与概括,即文章的主旨。础上的总结与概括,即文章的主旨。2.在结尾。在结尾。3.在中间。在中间。通常是文章的开头提出问题,陈述通常是文章的开头提出问题,陈述细节,导出主题句,然后再进一步细节,导出主题句,然后再进一步用细节说明支持主题句。如:用细节说明支持主题句。如:Nothing is as
6、useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat.Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark.In fact,the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations.Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand.A camper also needs one after t
7、he light of the campfire has been out._ _ 有些文章或段落无明显的主题句有些文章或段落无明显的主题句,只是暗只是暗示性地体现主题示性地体现主题.这就要求考生在阅读过程这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的中根据文中所叙述的事实事实 或提供的或提供的线索线索来来概括总结主旨大意。概括总结主旨大意。解题策略:解题策略:1)对应性)对应性 2)准确性)准确性 3)区分性)区分性设题方式:lThe underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _lThe word “”most likely means _.l
8、Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word_.解题策略解题策略:阅读中碰到生词时不要着急,耐心地读下阅读中碰到生词时不要着急,耐心地读下去,文章会帮助你猜出生词词义。此外,我们去,文章会帮助你猜出生词词义。此外,我们也可以通过构词法知识分析生词词义,或通过也可以通过构词法知识分析生词词义,或通过上下文上下文,同义词,反义词,生活常识等猜测,尤同义词,反义词,生活常识等猜测,尤其是本句话以及前后两句话,给生词假设意思,其是本句话以及前后两句话,给生词假设意思,看是否读的通。还可以联想,即回想已知词汇看是否读的通。还可以联想,即
9、回想已知词汇中是否存在拼写方法与该生词类似的词。中是否存在拼写方法与该生词类似的词。根据定义或解释猜测词义根据定义或解释猜测词义技巧技巧 1 A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.calendar 日历日历The herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650yuan a year.herdsman 牧人技巧技巧 2Our maths professor claims that all the problems he gives us are simpl
10、e ones,however,we feel that they are intricate and hard to solveIntricate 复杂的技巧技巧 3 根据同义词的替代关系猜词义根据同义词的替代关系猜词义In the ancient city of Rome,we visited every mansion,church,battle site,theatre and other public halls.mansion 建筑物或场所建筑物或场所技巧技巧 4 Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl.But her sister was
11、quite sedate.sedate 安静的安静的技巧技巧 5 All his attempts to unlock the door was futile,because he was using the wrong key.futile 徒劳的徒劳的根据构词法猜测词义根据构词法猜测词义技巧技巧 7He has renamed the restaurant“Paradise”.rename 重新起名,改名重新起名,改名根据因果关系猜测词义根据因果关系猜测词义技巧技巧 8lYou shouldnt have blamed him for that,for it wasnt his fault
12、.blame 责备四四 推理判断题推理判断题 推理判断题着重考查学生的逻辑思维能力,推理判断题着重考查学生的逻辑思维能力,即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大,设计面广,如人物的性格、心此类题目难度大,设计面广,如人物的性格、心理、故事的结局、寓意、文章的出处、体裁,作理、故事的结局、寓意、文章的出处、体裁,作者的倾向、态度等。其题目设计的方式一般有:者的倾向、态度等。其题目设计的方式一般有:提问方式:l选项中意思虽然与原文相符,但是只是涉及一些细枝末节,不符合题干。l选项内容与原文无关,或者是对文章内容作了张冠李戴的处理。l选项是
13、对原文内容的简单重复,不是推理得出的结论。l选项的内容纯属主观臆断得出的结论,文章根本没有提及。解题策略:解题策略:l做这类题目时,大家必须透过文章的字做这类题目时,大家必须透过文章的字面意思,领悟隐含在字里行间的内涵,面意思,领悟隐含在字里行间的内涵,体会作者的言外之意、弦外之音。找出体会作者的言外之意、弦外之音。找出作者所陈述的细节、事实以及能够表露作者所陈述的细节、事实以及能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语,进行作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语,进行符合逻辑的推理。符合逻辑的推理。lThe speaker is probably_.lA.a host B.a singer C.a dancer D.a teacher主持人,歌手,舞者还是教师。我们从最后一句话能够自然想象到,在介绍完音乐的基本知识介绍之后,主持人即将向大家播放今天的音乐