1、Unit ElevenInsurance保险保险Losses in Marine Cargo Transport 1.Total Loss 全部损失全部损失Actual Total Loss 实际全损 Constructive Total Loss 推定全损 2.Partial Loss 部分损失部分损失 General Average(G.A.)共同海损 Particular Average(P.A)单独海损Average*In insurance,it is an anglicised translation of a French meaning loss.According to Ch
2、ina Insurance Clauses(CIC),coverage of insurance is mainly classified into:Major/Basic risks（基本险）Additional risks（一般附加险）Special risks（特殊附加险）Extraordinary risks（其他特殊附加险）Insurance Cover/CoverageAs far as ocean marine cargo insurance is concerned,major risks（基本险）（基本险）include(under PICC Clause):1.Free f
3、rom Particular Average(F.P.A)平安险平安险2.With Particular Average(W.P.A)水渍险水渍险 3.All Risks 一切险 Free from Particular Average(F.P.A)平安险The most limited form of cargo insurance only covering the total losses caused in transit by natural calamities and general average arising from natural calamities as well
4、as marine perils such as the ship being stranded,collided into a rock,sunk or burnt.No partial loss(particular average)can be indemnified by the insurer.With Particular Average(W.P.A)水渍险水渍险 Aside from the risks covered under the F.P.A condition,W.P.A also covers partial losses of the insured goods c
5、aused by heavy weather,lighting,tsunami,earthquake and/or flood.水渍险的责任范围除了包括上列“平安险”的各项责任外，还负责被保险货物由于恶劣气候、雷电、海啸、地震、洪水等自然灾害所造成的部分损失。All Risks 一切险一切险Aside from the risks covered under the F.P.A and W.P.A conditions,All Risks also covers all losses caused by all the extraneous/external reasons in the co
6、urse of transit.一切险的责任范围除包括上列“平安险”和“水渍险”的所有责任外，还包括货物在运输过程中，因各种外来原因所造成保险货物的损失。General Additional Risks一般附加险一般附加险1)T.P.N.D.Theft,Pilferage and Non-Delivery偷窃提货不着险2)Fresh and/or Rain Water Damage淡水雨淋险 3)Risk of Shortage缺量险(或短量险)4)Risk of Intermixture and Contamination Risks混杂沾污险 5)Risk of Leakage渗漏险 6)
7、Risk of Clash and Breakage碰损破碎险 7)Taint of Odor Risk串味险 8)Damage Caused by Sweating and Heating受潮受热险 9)Hook Damage钩损险10)Loss for Damage Caused by Breakage of Packing包装破裂险11)Risk of Rust 锈损险Special Risks:特殊附加险特殊附加险1)Failure to Delivery Risk 交货不到险2)War Risk 战争险3)Import Duty Risk 进口关税险4)On Desk Risk 舱面
8、险5)Rejection Risk 拒收险6)Aflatoxin Risk 黄曲霉险7)Survey in Customs Risk 海关检验条款险8)Survey in Jetty Risk 码头检验条款险9)Strikes,Riots and Civil Commotions Risks 罢工、暴力、民变险Insurance policy（保险单）is a contract of insurance between the insurer and the insured.Premium（保险费）the insurance/insured value(amount)（保险金额）=cost+f
9、reight+Insurance premium+profit 110%of the invoice value (the invoice value plus 10%)Insurance Clause of the ContractThe insurance clause in a S/C should specify the insured amount,and the risks to be covered by the insurer.1)In the contracts under FOB,CFR,FCA and CPT trade terms,the buyer is to arr
10、ange insurance and pay premium.In the contract regarding insurance，it can only stipulates:“To be effected by the buyers”.2)In the CIF or CIP contract,the insurance clause can stipulate：Insurance to be covered by the sellers for 110%of the total invoice value against all risks and war risks,as per Oc
11、ean Marine Cargo Clauses and Ocean Marine Cargo War Risks Clauses of the Peoples Insurance Company of China.Letter 1(Asking the Seller to Effect insurance)买方按买方按CFR价格订购，但现在希望卖方代为安价格订购，但现在希望卖方代为安排保险事宜，写信告知保险要求：投保一切险，排保险事宜，写信告知保险要求：投保一切险，保险金额为发票金额加保险金额为发票金额加10%，保险费由买方承担。，保险费由买方承担。Dear Sirs,We wish to
12、refer you to our Order No.1004 for 500 cases of toys,from which you will see that this order is placed on a CFR basis.As we now desire to have the shipment insured at your end,we shall be pleased if you will arrange to insure the goods on our behalf against All Risks at invoice value plus 10%,i.e.US
13、D 5,500.00.We shall of course refund you the premium upon receipt of your debit note or,if you like,you may draw on us at sight for the amount required.We sincerely hope that our request will meet with your approval.Sincerely yours,CIF，CIPUnder the above price terms,the seller has the responsibility
14、 to arrange insurance and pay the premiumCIF:Cost,Insurance,Freight 成本加运费加保险 (suitable to water or marine transport)CIP:Carriage and Insurance Paid to.运费，保险费付至.(suitable to multi-model transport)FOB，FAS，CFR，CPTUnder the above price terms,the buyer has the responsibility to arrange insurance and pay
15、the premiumFOB:Free on Board 船上交货价FAS:Free alongside the ship 船边交货价CFR:Cost and Freight 成本加运费 (suitable to water or marine transport)CPT:Carriage Paid to 运费付至.(suitable to multi-model transport)insure v.保险保险Please insure the goods(The goods are to be insured)against all risks and war risk（险别）for 110
16、%of the invoice value(for the invoice value plus 10%)（保险金额）at the rate of（保险费率）with the Peoples Insurance Company of China（保险公司）.insurance We will effect insurance(Insurance is to be effected)on 100 tons of wool（for the goods）against all risksfor 110%of the invoice valueat the rate of with the Peopl
17、es Insurance Company of China.meet with 遭受，获得，得到遭受，获得，得到to meet with approval（同意）/disapproval/opposition(反对)to meet with success/failure c.f.比较to meet ones request 满足某人的要求Useful Phrases：This order is placed on a CFR basis 这批货是按CFR价订购的。at your end 在你地（由你方）insure the goods against All Risks at invoice
18、 value plus 10%按发票金额加10%将货物投保一切险meet with your approval 得到你方同意Letter 2(Reply)Dear Sirs,Your Order No.1004 for 500 Cases ToysWe have received your letter dated July 20 requesting us to effect insurance on the captioned shipment for your account.We are pleased to inform you that we have covered the ab
19、ove shipment with the Peoples Insurance Company of China against All Risks for USD 5,500.00.The policy is being prepared accordingly and will be forwarded to you by the end of the week together with our debit note for the premium.For your information,we are making arrangements to ship the 500 cases
20、of toys by s.s.“Yufeng”,sailing on or about August 10.Sincerely yours,cover1)n.保险insurance cover保险Does your policy provide adequate cover against breakage?你们的保单是否提供适当的破碎险？2)v.保险，投保 作及物动词，宾语可以是所保货物、投保险别、insurance和被保险人。We shall cover the goods against all risks.对此货投保Insurance is to be covered by the b
21、uyer.保险应由买方办理。This insurance covers us against breakage.这份保单为我们保了破碎险。to cover additional risks 投保附加险别Useful phrases:acknowledge receipt of 兹收到effect insurance 办理保险cover the shipment with PICC against All Risks for(amount)向中国人民保险公司投保一切险,投保金额为Letter 3(Informing Details of Insurance)Dear Sirs,Insurance
22、 on Your Order No.25We have received your letter of September 15 and have carefully noted you request that the insurance on your Order No.25 for Fancy Leather Goods be effected at this end.Our record shows that your order was booked on the basis of CFR,amounting to USD40,000.00 for shipment in Octob
23、er.As requested by you,we shall cover your order against All Risks and War Risk for full invoice value plus 10%.This is our usual practice,which is acceptable to most of our customers.As for Shortage Risk,it is included in All Risks according to Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of the PICC;therefore,it is
24、 not necessary to cover it separately.If you require insurance to be covered according to Institute Cargo Clause,we shall be pleased to comply,but you have to bear the difference in premium if any.The PICC charges premium at lower rates,so it is to your advantage to have your orders insured with the
25、 PICC.In future,we shall make offers to you on CIF basis.The insurance policy will be sent to you through the bank together with other shipping documents after negotiation of the L/C.In the meantime,we are making arrangement to dispatch your order and will keep you informed as soon as shipment is ef
26、fected.Yours sincerely,Letter 4(Reply to an Inquiring about Insurance)Dear Sirs,Referring to your letter of May 5 inquiring about the insurance on your order,we wish to inform you that for goods sold on CIF basis,our company will cover against All Risks and War Risk for 110%of the invoice value.If y
27、ou want to insure broader coverage,the extra premium will be borne by you.The insurance shall terminate when the goods are delivered to the consignees warehouse at the destination named in the policy.The cover is limited to 60 days upon discharge of the insured goods from sea-going vessel at the fin
28、al port of discharge before the insured goods reach the consignees warehouse.Our underwriter,the PICC,enjoys high reputation for settling claims promptly and equitably.Should any damage to the goods occur,a claim may be lodged with the insurance agent at your end,who will undertake to compensate you
29、 for the loss sustained.For further particulars,please contact the PICC or its agent at your end.Sincerely yours,Letter 5(Inquiring about the Insurance Premium Rate)Dear Sirs,We shall shortly have a consignment of cameras,valued at 30000.00 CIF Quebec,to be shipped from Manchester by a vessel of Man
30、chester Liners Ltd.We wish to cover the consignment against all risks from our warehouse at the above address to the port of Quebec.Will you please quote your rate for the cover?Sincerely Yours,Exercise1.请注意上述货物须在6月15日前装运，并按发票金额150投保综合险。我们知道按一般惯例，你们只按发票金额110投保，因此额外保险费将由我们负担。2.在没有得到你方明确的保险要求情况下，我们按惯例
31、把你所订购之货按发票金额110投保了水渍险。保险费率是所申报金额的1.5%。3.如你方希望将货物投保综合险。我们可以代为投保，但保费稍高，保费差额由你方负担。4.我们最近将有一批价值100,000美元的机床，成本加保险加运费到伦敦，预备由中国远洋运输集团公司的船只从新港起运。我们希望这批货物从上述地址至伦敦投保一切险。请报保险费率。5.我们定期由客、货班轮运送瓶装雪利酒到澳大利亚。请问贵公司能否为这批货物签发一切险保单，如果能行，依据什么条款。我们特别想知道，如果我们答应定期按月装运，你们能否给我们特别保率。6如果货物发生损坏，你方可在货物到达目的港30天内凭公证行的检验报告与你处保险代理行联系并向他们提出索赔。7.我们很遗憾得知你方货物在运输途中受损，保险公司将按照投保险别赔偿损失。8.保险索赔应在货物到达目的港30天内提交保险公司或其代理商。9.如果货物发生损失，你方可凭检验报告与你处保险代理联系并提出保险索赔。
