1、 非谓语专题 1.非谓语的基本用法2.非谓语动词的易错辨析3.非谓语动词常考点一、非谓语动词的基础概念1.非谓动词什么时候用？句子里（主句、从句、肯定句、疑问句.）已经有一个谓语动词。2.非谓语动词的三种基本形式及否定？（not）doing （not）done （not）done 及变式3.非谓语动词和谓语的区别 不是以上形式时，都是为谓语动词非谓语动词使用条件一个单句中，已经存在一个谓语，又没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现时，这个动词就使用非谓语。正or 错 She got off the bus,left her handbag on her seat.She got off the b
2、us,leaving her handbag on her seatShe got off the bus,but left her handbag on her seatThe teacher sitting there are from other school.Swimming in summer,we can get cool.I want him to see you.谓语与非谓语的比较练习：1.He entered the room,_(hold)a book in his hand.2.He entered the room,and _(hold)a book in his ha
3、nd.3.I politely refused her invitation and _(walk)away.4.I politely refused her invitation,_(walk)away.5.A boy _(call)Jack came here today.6.A boy who _(call)Jack came here today.7.We enjoy the movie_(direct)by a famous artist.8.We enjoy the movie which_(direct)by a famous artist.9.When I _(hear)the
4、 news,I was excited.10.When _(hear)the news,I was excited.11.Unless I _(invite),I wont attend the party.12.Unless _(invite),I wont attend the party.1.holding held2.walked walking3.called is called 4.directed is directed5.heard,hearing 6.am invited invited谓语非谓语1._(compare)with the size of the whole e
5、arth,the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.2.The flowers _(smell)sweet in the botannic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.3.If you are planing to spend your money having fun this week,better_(forget)it.the final exam is coming.4.There I met several people,two of whom_(be)foreigne
6、rs.6.There I met several people,and two of them_(be)foreigners.5.There I met several people,two of them_(be)foreigners.一个单句中，已经存在一个谓语，又没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现时，这个动词就使用非谓语。一一山不能二虎，除非一公一母山不能二虎，除非一公一母谓语非谓语dodoingbe doing done to be donehave done having done to have donewill be doing could do 1234.非谓语动词的解题步骤找
7、到该动词的逻辑主语判断主语与该动词的主被动关系判断动作的时间逻辑主动主动谓语动词谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词 doinghaving doneto have doneto do被动被动having been doneto have been doneto be done谓语动词谓语动词having donedoingto dodone1._(save)a little money,Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.2._(save)a little money,Jimmy had to reduce expense as mu
8、ch as possible.3._(compare)with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.4.The flowers _(smell)sweet in the botannic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.5.Listen!Do you have someone _(call)for help.6.Our cilivization cannot be thought of as _in a short per
9、iod of time.A.to have been created B.having been created7.I dont know whether you happen_,but Im goingto study in the USA this september.A.hearing B.to be hearing C.to have heard二、非谓语动词易错辨析1.There I met several people,two of whom_(be)foreigners.2.There I met several people,two of them_(be)foreigners
10、.3.There I met several people,and two of whom_(be)foreigners.4._(follow)the road round to the right and youll find his house.5._(follow)the road round to the right,youll find his house.6._(follow)the road round to the right,the blind man asked a boy to guide him.非谓语动词常考点1.非谓语动词作定语2.非谓语动词做状语3.非谓语动词做宾
11、补4.with 的复合结构非谓语动词作定语不定式 发生在位于之后They gave him some money to buy food.动名词/-ing 在名词前说明其用途a walking stick =a stick for walking a sleeping bag 发展中国家、发达国家现在分词/-ing 主动，进行The boy standing(who is standing)there is my brother.过去分词/-ed 被动，完成That is an abandoned bag.=a bag which was abandoned.变式变式:being done 进
12、行及被动 to be done 将来及被动The question being discussed now at the meeting isnt known.The question discussed yesterday at the meeting hasnt been known.The question to be discussed tomorrow at the meeting hasnt been known.牛刀小试1.(2014高考江西卷)Dad，_(rest)his head on his arms.，was asleep next to her.爸爸把他的头靠在他的胳膊
13、上，靠着她睡觉。2.In some languages，100 words make up half of all words _(use)in daily conversations.在一些语言中，100个单词占了日常对话所使用的所有单词的一半。(2018高考四川卷)The airport _(complete)next year will help promote tourism in this area.明年即将竣工的机场将有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。to be completed restingused【温馨提示】表示心理状态的动词ing形式，意为“令人的”；动词ed形式，意为“(人)
14、感到的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的look，expression，tears，smile，voice等名词。非谓语做状语现在分词/-ing 主动Her parents died,leaving her an orphan.(自然结果）He sat in the chair,reading a newspaper.(伴随)过去分词/-ed 被动The President arrived,followed by his personal bodyguard.(2015高考重庆卷)Raised in the poorest area of Glasgow(格拉斯哥）,he had a long，har
15、d road to becoming a football star.不定式/todo表目的(2014高考湖北卷)Hes the only student in the class that has been selected _(take)part in the Model United Nations conference.to take改错：Li Ming came see me every day.形容词之后The rats are too nervous to have their meals.the wals are now cold enough _(cool)the house
16、.改错 some of us were eager take part in the class activity.非谓语动词作状语先时性/having doneonly to do 表意想不到的结果(2014高考湖北卷)George returned after the war，only _(tell)that his wife had left him.(2014高考湖北卷)_(survive)that night，we were confident that everything else would be all right.(2014高考江西卷)_(spend)nearly all
17、our money，we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.Having survivedHaving spent to be told 热身练习1.(2015高考北京卷)_(catch)the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.2.(2015高考北京卷)The park was full of people，_(enjoy)themselves in the sunshine.3.(2015高考福建卷)_(learn)more about Chinese cultu
18、re,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.4.(2015高考福建卷)In recent years an English word“infosphere”has appeared,_(combine)the sense of“information”and“atmosphere”5.(2015高考湖南卷)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground，_(won
19、der)whether to stay or leave.To catch enjoyingTo learncombining wondering 非谓语动词做宾补使役动词/have，make,let，(不带to do)get，leave 感官动词/notice，see，watch，hear，feel，find（不带to）等I heard him call me several times.I found her listening to the radio.现在分词/不定式(主动或将来)My bike broke down.I had got it repared.He hurried ho
20、me,leaving his meal unfinished.过去分词（被动完成）(2015高考陕西卷)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa,Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.吾看三室两厅一感半帮助吾看三室两厅一感半帮助1.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _(carry)out the next year.2.Mr.Brown was very disa
21、pointed to see the washing machine she had had _(repair)went wrong again.3.Is this the recorder you want to have_(repair)?4.he found them _(seat)at the table_(paly)chess.5.I have often heard the“ABCsong _(sing),but I have never heard Alice _(sing)it.6.John rushed out in a hurry,_(leave)the door _(un
22、luck).7.I noticed a long queue outside the bank _(wait)for it open.8.The baby watched his dad _(shave)his face with great interest.9.I smell something_(burn)on the kitchen.Can I call you back in a minute?carriedrepairedrepairedseatedplayingsung/singleavingunluckedwaitingshavingburning非谓语动词with的复合结构不
23、定式（主动表被动/将来）现在分词（主动进行）过去分词（完成被动）with much homework to do,I cant go to play football with you.with so much work to do,Ihave no time for a holiday.with the little boy _(lead)the way,we will find the house finally.with the little boy_(lead)the way,we found the house easily.with time going by,I graduall
24、y realised the importance of health.with all the work done,I can go home.with all the things she needed _(buy),she went home happily.with all the things she needed _(buy),she entered the supermarket happily.小热身练习改错：1.with many tough problems settling,the newly-elected president is having a happy tim
25、e.2.with many tough problems settling,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.3.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog_(follow)them.4.with prices _(go)up so fast,we cant afford the house.5.They stayed inside with the door _(lock).注意：独立主格结构（逻辑主语注意：独立主格结
26、构（逻辑主语+-ing/-ed/-to do）The manager being ill,he is in charge of the firm.The party will be held in the garden,weather _(permit).Enough time_(give),we should have done the the job much better.The children went home from the grammar school,their lessons_(finish)for the day.Nobody _(come)tomorrow,we wi
27、ll have to put off the meeting till next week.真题演练1.(2015高考江苏卷)Much time _(spend)sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.2.(2015高考重庆卷)Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way _(use)the sun and the stars.3.(2014高考陕西卷)_(work out)the difficult maths problem,I hav
28、e consulted Professor Russell several times.4(2014高考湖南卷)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland,_(stare)at the night sky.5._(find out)more about it,visit this website.6.(2014高考福建卷)_(spend)the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more m
29、ature than those of her age.7.Can those _(seat)at the back of the classroom hear me?单句改错8Having shown the library,we were taken to see the school-run factory.9The frightening girl sat in the corner,crying.10It was clear that she longed seeing her mother.11Mr.Black gave up to teach only a few weeks ago.12The foreigner tried his best,but he still couldnt make his point understand.spentusingTo work outstaringTo find outHaving spentseated1.Having shownHaving been shown2frighteningfrightened3.seeingto see4to teachteaching5.understandunderstood
