1、“反正转换反正转换”的翻译技巧的翻译技巧技巧介绍英语和汉语都有从正面英语和汉语都有从正面(肯定肯定)或反面（否定）或反面（否定）来表达一个概念的现象。来表达一个概念的现象。在汉语里，正面和反面表达主要指是否使用在汉语里，正面和反面表达主要指是否使用“不不”、“非非”、“无无”、“没（有）没（有）”、“未未”、“否否”等表示否定意义的词语。等表示否定意义的词语。技巧介绍l在英语里，正面和反面表达主要指是否使用在英语里，正面和反面表达主要指是否使用no,no 或者带有或者带有de-,dis-,im-,in-,un-,-less 等词缀的等词缀的词。词。e.g.The doubt was still
2、 unsolved after his repeated explanation.He manifested a strong dislike for his fathers business.技巧介绍由于英语和汉语在思维和表达方式上存在差异，两种语言用于表示肯定概念和否定概念的词汇、语法以及语言逻辑都有很大差别，两种语言肯定和否定的表达形式往往不能吻合。一味按原语的形式进行翻译有时会不符合汉语的表达习惯，有时不足以传达原文的语义和修辞色彩，甚至还会误解原文的意思，造成译文的信息缺失和信息错误等现象。怎样翻译下面的句子？怎样翻译下面的句子？Wet paint.Dont stop running
3、.You cant be too careful.The thermometer must be lying.油漆未干。油漆未干。继续跑。继续跑。你越小心越好。你越小心越好。这个温度计肯定不准。这个温度计肯定不准。技巧介绍在翻译时，原文本来是正说的，译文常常需要从反面着笔；或者原文本来是用肯定语气，译文却需用否定语气，反之亦然。这就是所谓的反正转换法。用法说明1.Such a chance was denied me.我我没有得到没有得到这样一个机会。这样一个机会。2.All my cares were over,my happiness overflowed.一切忧患都已结束，我的幸福一切忧
4、患都已结束，我的幸福言之不尽言之不尽。3.Their hobby is to keep searching for more information about their past.他们的兴趣在于他们的兴趣在于不断不断搜寻他们过去的信息。搜寻他们过去的信息。正说反译l 动词动词 用法说明1.This explanation is pretty thin.这个解释非常这个解释非常不充实不充实。2.He is the last person to accept a bribe。他他决不是决不是接受贿赂的人。接受贿赂的人。3.The organization has produced six mu
5、rder-free years in Americas capital.该机构使美国首都六年来该机构使美国首都六年来没发生没发生过一起谋杀案。过一起谋杀案。正说反译l 形容词形容词 用法说明1.Lose weight safely and forever.安全减肥，安全减肥，永不反弹永不反弹。2.Once you break the trust,the ability to inspire people is over。一旦你失去了这种信任，激励人的能力也就一旦你失去了这种信任，激励人的能力也就荡然无存荡然无存。3.He walked slowly to his office to read
6、the two letters in which the whole story was made clear.他他不紧不慢不紧不慢地走回办公室去阅读那两封足以使真相大白地走回办公室去阅读那两封足以使真相大白的信。的信。正说反译l 副词副词 用法说明1.Its beyond his power to preside over such an important meeting.主持这样重要的会议是他力所主持这样重要的会议是他力所不能及不能及的。的。2.His answer is beside the mark。他的回答他的回答文不文不对题。对题。正说反译l 前置词前置词 用法说明1.He is
7、 determined to prove his innocence.他决心证明自己的他决心证明自己的无辜无辜。2.In the absence of anybody more experienced,I took command。由于由于找不到找不到其他更有经验的人，只好由我来指挥。其他更有经验的人，只好由我来指挥。正说反译l 名词名词 用法说明1.Your temper is more than I can bear.我我受不了受不了你的脾气。你的脾气。2.When Philip missed the last bus,he was at a loss to know what to do
8、.菲利普误了最后一班公共汽车，菲利普误了最后一班公共汽车，茫然不知茫然不知该怎么办。该怎么办。3.Instead of being an expense,these benefits actually reduce company cost of doing business.这些津贴不但这些津贴不但没有没有增加开支，反而使公司降低了运营成增加开支，反而使公司降低了运营成本。本。正说反译l 短语短语 用法说明1.Haste makes waste.欲速则不达欲速则不达。2.One mans guess is as good as another.一切猜测都不准确一切猜测都不准确。3.There
9、 is little question that the house of Windsor has lost much of its luster since the death of prince Diana.毫无疑问毫无疑问，自从戴安娜王妃去世后，英国王室失去了许，自从戴安娜王妃去世后，英国王室失去了许多光彩。多光彩。正说反译l 句子句子 用法说明1.I unwrapped the hamburger and surveyed the surrounding scenery.我一边我一边打开打开汉堡包，一边打量四周的风景。汉堡包，一边打量四周的风景。2.The doubt was stil
10、l unsolved after his repeated explanation.虽经他一再解释，疑团仍然虽经他一再解释，疑团仍然存在存在。反说正译l 动词动词 用法说明1.It never rains but it pours.一一下雨下雨就下大雨。就下大雨。2.Many agreed that the Prime Minister had in effect resigned dishonorably.许多人认为首相辞职实际上是很许多人认为首相辞职实际上是很丢面子丢面子的。的。反说正译l 副词副词 用法说明1.The fear of being penniless again has n
11、ever left him.他始终担心自己再次他始终担心自己再次一贫如洗一贫如洗。2.All the articles are untouchable in the museum.博物馆内一切物品博物馆内一切物品禁止触摸禁止触摸。反说正译l 形容词形容词 用法说明1.Born into the postwar uncertainties,in 1946,he grew up with a sense of vocation.他生于战后他生于战后动荡动荡的的1946年，从小就有一种使命感。年，从小就有一种使命感。2.Generally she accepted the family in all
12、 its crowded inadequacy.一般来说，她还是能忍受她那拥挤一般来说，她还是能忍受她那拥挤寒怆寒怆的家庭生活的。的家庭生活的。反说正译l 名词名词 用法说明1.We should lose no time in getting everything ready for the seminar.我们应当我们应当抓紧时间抓紧时间把研讨会的准备工作做好。把研讨会的准备工作做好。2.The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer.调查结果调查结果清清楚楚地说明清清楚楚地说明病人死于癌症。病人死于癌症。
13、反说正译l 短语短语 用法说明1.The significance of these incidents wasnt lost on us.这些事件引起了我们的重视这些事件引起了我们的重视。2.Offering these benefits did not make him widely popular with his shareholders.提供这些津贴的时候，提供这些津贴的时候，股东们对他都颇有怨言股东们对他都颇有怨言。反说正译l 句子句子 用法说明1.He is nothing if not a scoundrel.他简直是个十足的流氓。他简直是个十足的流氓。2.Not a day passes without shooting and bombardments between those two countries.两国间每天都有枪击炮轰。两国间每天都有枪击炮轰。反说正译l 双重否定双重否定
