1、人教新课标高中英语必修二人教新课标高中英语必修二Unit 1 Cultural relicsUnit 2 The Olympic GamesUnit 3 ComputersUnit 4 Wildlife protectionUnit 5 MusicUnit 1 Cultural relicsLearning about LanguageThe Restrictive&Non-restrictive Attributive Clause（限制性和非限制性定语从句）（限制性和非限制性定语从句）1.who 指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略）作宾语时可省略）The man who I
2、 talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom 指人指人,作宾语作宾语(作宾语时可省略，若介词提前则作宾语时可省略，若介词提前则不能省略不能省略)The man(whom/who)I nodded to is Mr.Li.The man to whom I nodded is Mr.Li.一、关系代词引导的定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句3.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略作宾语时可省略,若介词提若介词提前则不能省略前则不能省略)These are
3、the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using is made in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?Mrs.Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.Can you lend me the book?You talked about it last night
4、.Can you lend me the book(which)you talked about last night?Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?Mrs.Clark is angry with the goat.The goat is eating her flowers.Do you find the pen?I wrote with it just now.Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Do you find the pen(whic
5、h)I wrote with just now?He is the man(that)I told you about.注意：介词提前时只能用注意：介词提前时只能用which 而不能用而不能用that。4.that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略）作宾语时可省略）A plane is a machine that can fly.Is this the library from which you borrow books?from thatthat和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情但在下列情况下况下,一般用一般用th
6、at而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something(that)you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine.(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。等修饰时。This is the first book(that)he has read.This is the very book th
7、at belongs to him.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。The scientist we met yesterday is very famous in the world.who whom that(2)The dress is new.She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new.which 【即学即练即学即练】(1)The scientist is very famous
8、in the world.We met her yesterday.Try your best!(3)He is the kind person.I have ever worked with him.(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.who whom This is the best film that I have ever seen.二、关系副词引导的定语从句二、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地
9、点或理关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。由的名词，在从句中作状语。1.关系副词关系副词when,where,why 的含义相当于的含义相当于“介词介词+which”结构，因此常常和结构，因此常常和“介词介词+which”结构交替使用。例如：结构交替使用。例如：(1)(1)我仍然记得我参军的那一天。我仍然记得我参军的那一天。I still remember the day.On that day I joined the army.I still remember the day when I joined the army.或或I still remember t
10、he day on which I joined the army.(2)(2)这就是我们去年住的房屋。这就是我们去年住的房屋。This is the house.We lived in it last year.This is the house where we lived last year.或或This is the house in which we lived last year.或或 This is the house which we lived in last year.(3)(3)你知道他迟到的原因吗？你知道他迟到的原因吗？Do you know the reason?He
11、 was late for that reason.Do you know the reason why he was late?或或Do you know the reason for which he was late?这是我们去年参观的地方。这是我们去年参观的地方。这是我们去年工作的地方。这是我们去年工作的地方。(1)vt.vi.This is the place which/that we visited last year.This is the place where we worked last year.2.当先行词是指时间、地点或原因时，并非就用当先行词是指时间、地点或原因时
12、，并非就用when,where,why 来引导定语从句。来引导定语从句。例如：例如：我仍然记得我入团的那一天。我仍然记得我入团的那一天。我仍然记得我们一起度过的那一天。我仍然记得我们一起度过的那一天。(2)I still remember the day when I joined the League.I still remember the day that/which we spent together.三、判断关系代词与关系副词三、判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾
13、语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：动词则要求用关系副词。例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.这是我去年呆过的山村。这是我去年呆过的山村。Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。方法二：方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、宾、定、成分（主、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系
14、代词状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。关系副词。A.where B.that C.on which D.the one例例1.Is this the museum _ you visited a few days ago?例例2.Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?A.whereB.that C.on which D.the oneBD四、限制性、非限制性定语从句的区别四、限制性、非限制性定语从句的区别 1限制性定语从句是限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意
15、义。这种从句和主句的去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。语的关系代词常可省略。(1)What is the name of the tall woman who is standing there?站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?(2)Toronto is a city(that)Ive always wanted to visit.多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。2非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十
16、分密切，只是非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行对先行词作些附加的说明词作些附加的说明,如果去掉如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用不用that引导。非引导。非限制性定语从句中，限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略关系词不可省略。例如：。例如：(1)Rome,which is the capital of Italy,has a very long history.意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。(2)Yesterday I met Professor King,w
17、ho came from the University of London.昨天我遇见了金教授，他从伦敦大学来。昨天我遇见了金教授，他从伦敦大学来。(3)He lent me a dictionary,which was just what I needed.他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。【即学即练即学即练】Put the two sentences into one:1.Our friends missed the train again.They are always late for everything.2.My aunt was waitin
18、g for me on the steps.She had two heavy bags.3.The dog is easily frightened.It was beaten when it was small.Keys:1.Our friends,who are always late for everything,missed the train again.2.My aunt,who had two heavy bags,was waiting for me on the steps.3.The dog,which was beaten when it was small,is ea
19、sily frightened.3.大多数限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往大多数限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，为某一个词或短语，而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。引导。A middle-aged woman killed her husband,which frightened me very much.一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。分析：分析：从语境可知，令我恐惧
20、的内容应为中年女子杀害了其从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了其丈夫这件事。此时由丈夫这件事。此时由which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面一句话的内容。面一句话的内容。4.关系代词关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替代替whom，但，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替来代替。This is the girl whom I met in the street.这是我在街上遇到的女孩。这是我在街上遇到的女孩。先行词先行词the girl在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可
21、用在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用who代替代替whom。The young man had a new girlfriend,whom he wanted to impress.这个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻这个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻印象。印象。先行词先行词a new girlfriend在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，不在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，不可用可用who代替代替whom。as 和和which在引导非限制性定语从句在引导非限制性定语从句时的相同点和不同点时的相同点和不同点1.相同点：相同点：as和和which都可以指代整个都可以指代整个句子的内
22、容。句子的内容。The meeting was put off,as/which was exactly what we wanted.这次会议延期了，这正是我们所希望的。这次会议延期了，这正是我们所希望的。注意注意as 和和which的用法的用法 2.不同点：不同点：as引导的从句既可以位于句前，也可以位于句后，引导的从句既可以位于句前，也可以位于句后，主句没有前后逻辑关系，常表示主句没有前后逻辑关系，常表示“正如正如”；而；而which 引导的定语从句只能放在主句后，主从句常有一定的因果引导的定语从句只能放在主句后，主从句常有一定的因果 关系或前后顺序，常表示关系或前后顺序，常表示“这一点
23、这一点”。Liquid water changes to vapor,which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。As everyone knows,all that glitters is not gold.=All that glitters,as everyone knows,is not gold.=All that glitters is not gold,as everyone knows.众所周知，并非所有发光的东西都是金子。众所周知，并非所有发光的东西都是金子。【即学即练即学即练】1.Mary was mu
24、ch kinder to Jack than she was to the others,of course,made all the others upset.A.who B.which C.what D.that【解析解析】选选B。句意：玛丽对待杰克比对其他人好得多，。句意：玛丽对待杰克比对其他人好得多，当然，这使得其他所有人心烦。分析句子结构可知逗号后当然，这使得其他所有人心烦。分析句子结构可知逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，排除是一个非限制性定语从句，排除D项；项；C项不能引导定语从句，项不能引导定语从句，故排除；关系代词代指逗号前的整个句子，故排除故排除；关系代词代指逗号前的整个句子，
25、故排除A项。项。2.Julie was good at German,French and Russian,all of _ she spoke fluently.A.who B.whom C.which D.that【解析解析】选选C。句意：朱莉擅长德语、法语以及俄语，这些语。句意：朱莉擅长德语、法语以及俄语，这些语言她都说得很流利。先行词是言她都说得很流利。先行词是German,French and Russian，所以定语从句的关系代词用所以定语从句的关系代词用which。注意：关系代词。注意：关系代词that一般一般不可直接置于介词后作宾语。不可直接置于介词后作宾语。3._ is of
26、ten the case,we have worked out the production plan.A.Which B.When C.What D.As【解析解析】选选D。句意：情况往往是这样的，我们已经完成了。句意：情况往往是这样的，我们已经完成了生产计划。生产计划。as和和which都可引导非限制性定语从句。都可引导非限制性定语从句。as引导引导的非限制性定语从句既可放在句首又可放在句中，而的非限制性定语从句既可放在句首又可放在句中，而which则不能。则不能。4.The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care
27、 of in that faraway village.A.until B.that C.when D.where【解析解析】选选C。句意：这部电影把我带回到了那些时光。句意：这部电影把我带回到了那些时光。那时我在遥远的村庄里被很好地照顾。本题的关键是要先那时我在遥远的村庄里被很好地照顾。本题的关键是要先找准先行词找准先行词“the hours”,然后理解关系副词然后理解关系副词“when”本身本身在其引导的定语从句中充当时间状语。在其引导的定语从句中充当时间状语。5.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most of _ hadnt been
28、 cleaned for at least a year.A.these B.those C.that D.which【解析解析】选选D。句意：他因这个男孩擦了十扇窗户而付给。句意：他因这个男孩擦了十扇窗户而付给他他10美元，这十扇窗户当中的大多数至少已经一年没清洗美元，这十扇窗户当中的大多数至少已经一年没清洗了。定语从句的先行词为了。定语从句的先行词为windows。有的考生误认为前文。有的考生误认为前文提到提到windows,应用应用those 代替而选代替而选B。但。但those不可用作关系不可用作关系代词引导定语从句。由于横线处前有介词代词引导定语从句。由于横线处前有介词of不能选不能
29、选that。6.Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why【解析解析】选选A。句意：他使自己陷入到危险的情形之下，在。句意：他使自己陷入到危险的情形之下，在这种情形下他有可能失去对飞机的控制。先行词这种情形下他有可能失去对飞机的控制。先行词situation作作“处境处境”讲，引导定语从句是使用关系代词还是使用关系副讲，引导定语从句是使用关系代词还是使用关系副词决定于关系词在从句中所担任的成分。此题的关
30、系词在从词决定于关系词在从句中所担任的成分。此题的关系词在从句中担任状语，故选句中担任状语，故选A项。项。C、D两项不符合语境。两项不符合语境。7.As a child,Jack studied in a village school,_ is named after his grandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.that【解析解析】选选A。句意：小时候，。句意：小时候，Jack在一个乡村学校里学习，在一个乡村学校里学习，这所学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。此题为非限制性定语这所学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。此题为非限制性定语 从句，先行词是从句，先行词是scho
31、ol,故需用关系代词，故需用关系代词，that不能引导非不能引导非 限制性定语从句，限制性定语从句，what不是关系词。不是关系词。Do more exercises about the Restrictive&Non-restrictive Attributive Clause.HomeworkReview of Units 1-2Review of Unit 11 1 幸免于车祸幸免于车祸2 2 保持安静保持安静3 3 调查调查 4 4 属于属于5 5 寻找寻找6 6 作为报答作为报答7 7 一根点燃的蜡烛一根点燃的蜡烛8 8 处于交战状态处于交战状态9 9 毫无疑问毫无疑问10 10 拆
32、开拆开1111考虑做某事考虑做某事survive the accidentremain quietlook intobelong tolook for/be in search of/search forin returna lighted candleat warThere is no doubt that.take apartconsider doing13 13 依照某人的观点依照某人的观点14 14 这个消息证实是真的这个消息证实是真的15 15 装做作某事装做作某事16 16 看重看重/器重器重,评价高评价高17 17 想象作某事想象作某事18 18 被用来做被用来做/习惯于习惯于/
33、过去常常做过去常常做21 21 花费花费.做做.22 22 做做用用 in ones opinionThe news proves true.pretend to dothink highly/much ofimagine doingbe used to do/doing/used to doIt takes sb sth to do sth.serve asReview of Unit 2h_ j_ l_ j_ r_ r_g_tics sw_ di_sk_ _iing su_bo_ ju_ sh_cy_ f_ bad_ t_ t_ v_igh ump ongump elay aceymnas
34、immingvingatingskrfingxingdoootingclingootballmintonableennisolleyballWords of item in the Olympic Games:shot put 击剑击剑discus throw 摔跤摔跤 javelin throw 悬挂式滑悬挂式滑翔翔Marathon 冰球冰球Canoeing 举重举重ice hockey 马拉松马拉松 Weightlifting 划独木舟划独木舟 Wrestling 铁饼铁饼fencing 推铅球推铅球 hang-gliding 标枪标枪ringsGuess the words of ite
35、m(项项目目)in gymnastics.high barside horsevaulting horsefree exercises1 1 诚实的诚实的 2 2 古代的古代的3 3 魔力的魔力的 4 4 采访采访5 5 运动员运动员 6 6 体育场体育场7 7 取代取代 8 8 身体的身体的9 9 做广告做广告 10 10 银银honest ancientmagical interviewathlete stadiumreplace physicaladvertise silverNew words1.坦白说坦白说 一个实诚人一个实诚人2.和和竞争竞争/竞赛竞赛 3.为为竞赛竞赛 4.参加参
36、加 1)大型活动大型活动 2)组织组织 3)娱乐性活动娱乐性活动 4)会议会议;上学上学5.被接纳为被接纳为 6.被被.录取录取 to be honestcompete with/againstcompete for take part in join join inattend be admitted asbe admitted in/into an honest man7.一套一套 8.赢得诺贝尔奖赢得诺贝尔奖 9.承诺做某事承诺做某事 10.一个接一个地一个接一个地11.运动会将要在我校召开。运动会将要在我校召开。12.什么时候和在哪儿开会还没决定什么时候和在哪儿开会还没决定.a set
37、 of win the Nobel Prize promise(sb)to do one after anotherA sports meeting will be held in our school.When and where to have the meeting hasntbeen decided.13.来做某事来做某事 14.发现发现15.我不相信你所说的我不相信你所说的.16.问问“多久多久”.回答回答 17.问问“多快多快”.回答回答 18.问问“频率频率”.回答回答19.愿意做某事愿意做某事 I dont believe what you said.How long.for
38、sometimeHow soon.in sometimeHow often.often/always would like to e onfind out20.每四年每四年 21.那就是为什么那就是为什么22.意味着意味着 23.打算做某事打算做某事24.我们应该找家好一点的饭店吃饭。我们应该找家好一点的饭店吃饭。25.这个人很难相处这个人很难相处.every four yearsThat is why mean doing mean to doWe should find a better restaurant to eat at.The man is difficult to deal w
39、ith.26.和和同样的同样的27.不仅不仅而且而且28.地湿了地湿了,昨晚一定下雨了。昨晚一定下雨了。29.你一定在说谎。你一定在说谎。30.他和那个医生结婚十年了。他和那个医生结婚十年了。as well as not onlybut alsoThe ground is wet.It must have rained last night.You must be telling a lie.He has been married to the doctor for ten years.Review of Units 1-2Review of Unit 11 1 幸免于车祸幸免于车祸2 2 保
40、持安静保持安静3 3 调查调查 4 4 属于属于5 5 寻找寻找6 6 作为报答作为报答7 7 一根点燃的蜡烛一根点燃的蜡烛8 8 处于交战状态处于交战状态9 9 毫无疑问毫无疑问10 10 拆开拆开1111考虑做某事考虑做某事survive the accidentremain quietlook intobelong tolook for/be in search of/search forin returna lighted candleat warThere is no doubt that.take apartconsider doing13 13 依照某人的观点依照某人的观点14
41、14 这个消息证实是真的这个消息证实是真的15 15 装做作某事装做作某事16 16 看重看重/器重器重,评价高评价高17 17 想象作某事想象作某事18 18 被用来做被用来做/习惯于习惯于/过去常常做过去常常做21 21 花费花费.做做.22 22 做做用用 in ones opinionThe news proves true.pretend to dothink highly/much ofimagine doingbe used to do/doing/used to doIt takes sb sth to do sth.serve asReview of Unit 2h_ j_
42、l_ j_ r_ r_g_tics sw_ di_sk_ _iing su_bo_ ju_ sh_cy_ f_ bad_ t_ t_ v_igh ump ongump elay aceymnasimmingvingatingskrfingxingdoootingclingootballmintonableennisolleyballWords of item in the Olympic Games:shot put 击剑击剑discus throw 摔跤摔跤 javelin throw 悬挂式滑悬挂式滑翔翔Marathon 冰球冰球Canoeing 举重举重ice hockey 马拉松马拉松
43、 Weightlifting 划独木舟划独木舟 Wrestling 铁饼铁饼fencing 推铅球推铅球 hang-gliding 标枪标枪ringsGuess the words of item(项项目目)in gymnastics.high barside horsevaulting horsefree exercises1 1 诚实的诚实的 2 2 古代的古代的3 3 魔力的魔力的 4 4 采访采访5 5 运动员运动员 6 6 体育场体育场7 7 取代取代 8 8 身体的身体的9 9 做广告做广告 10 10 银银honest ancientmagical interviewathlet
44、e stadiumreplace physicaladvertise silverNew words1.坦白说坦白说 一个实诚人一个实诚人2.和和竞争竞争/竞赛竞赛 3.为为竞赛竞赛 4.参加参加 1)大型活动大型活动 2)组织组织 3)娱乐性活动娱乐性活动 4)会议会议;上学上学5.被接纳为被接纳为 6.被被.录取录取 to be honestcompete with/againstcompete for take part in join join inattend be admitted asbe admitted in/into an honest man7.一套一套 8.赢得诺贝尔奖
45、赢得诺贝尔奖 9.承诺做某事承诺做某事 10.一个接一个地一个接一个地11.运动会将要在我校召开。运动会将要在我校召开。12.什么时候和在哪儿开会还没决定什么时候和在哪儿开会还没决定.a set of win the Nobel Prize promise(sb)to do one after anotherA sports meeting will be held in our school.When and where to have the meeting hasntbeen decided.13.来做某事来做某事 14.发现发现15.我不相信你所说的我不相信你所说的.16.问问“多久多
46、久”.回答回答 17.问问“多快多快”.回答回答 18.问问“频率频率”.回答回答19.愿意做某事愿意做某事 I dont believe what you said.How long.for sometimeHow soon.in sometimeHow often.often/always would like to e onfind out20.每四年每四年 21.那就是为什么那就是为什么22.意味着意味着 23.打算做某事打算做某事24.我们应该找家好一点的饭店吃饭。我们应该找家好一点的饭店吃饭。25.这个人很难相处这个人很难相处.every four yearsThat is why
47、 mean doing mean to doWe should find a better restaurant to eat at.The man is difficult to deal with.26.和和同样的同样的27.不仅不仅而且而且28.地湿了地湿了,昨晚一定下雨了。昨晚一定下雨了。29.你一定在说谎。你一定在说谎。30.他和那个医生结婚十年了。他和那个医生结婚十年了。as well as not onlybut alsoThe ground is wet.It must have rained last night.You must be telling a lie.He has been married to the doctor for ten years.
