1、Unit 3 Inventors and inventions重点单词及词组call up 给打电话 courtyard n.院子；庭院；天井now and then 偶尔，有时 distinguish v.显示的差别，辨别set about 开始，着手 merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的dive into 迅速把手伸入 stainless adj.无锈的，没有污点的set out(to do)开始（做）convenient adj.便利的，方便的hang on 不挂断，紧紧握住 caution n.小心，谨慎out of order 次序颠倒，发生故障 seize vt.抓住，捉住，夺
2、get through 设法联系上，做完 file n.文件，档案 vt.提交ring back 回复电话 bear vt.忍受，忍耐，负担ring off 挂断电话 tap v.轻打，轻拍 n.轻轻地敲击声current adj.现在的，目前的 n.电流associate vt.联想，联系 n.同伴，伙伴court n.法庭，法院stable adj.稳固的，稳定的，安定的dynamic adj.充满活力的，精力充沛的，动态的abrupt adj.突然的，意外的criterion n.标准，尺度1.Work out the rules that will help you decide wh
3、at a discovery is and what an invention is.想出将会帮你判断什么是发现和什么是发明的规则。(1)思考，计划。思考，计划。及物动词词组及物动词词组Wed better discuss everything in detail before we work out the plan.(2)找找的答案，解决。的答案，解决。及物动词词组及物动词词组I couldnt work out where the music was coming from.(3)计算，计算出。计算，计算出。及物动词词组及物动词词组The child couldnt work out t
4、he money he spent.(4)成功地发展。不及物动词词组不及物动词词组You cant predict everything.Often things dont work out as you expect.(5)锻炼身体，做运动。不及物动词词组不及物动词词组I think it is important for us to work out in the gym 3 times a week.2.Do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention ap
5、proved?你了解每个发明家在他们的发明得到认可之前必须经历的阶段吗？(1)遭受，经历Although he has gone through ups and downs,I believe he will succeed one day.(2)检查，审查We spent days going through and she was employed.(3)通过，批准He application went through and she was employed.拓展：get through 通过，接通电话look through 浏览，往里面看break through 冲破，突破pull
6、 through 康复，渡过难关 与get相关的词组get along with sb.与某人相处；进展get away with sth.不因某事受惩罚get down to sth./doing sth.开始做某事；认真处理某事get over 爬过；克服(困难)；从中恢复过来用动词+through短语填空 They will never forget the experience they last year.Everyone was very concerned whether he would or not.newspapers every day and you can keep
7、up with the rapidly developing situation.Ive tried to phone my wife six times,and I cant .Dont be discouraged!We have a lot in a way.went throughpull throughLook throughget throughbroken through3.When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.call up 给打电话；使想起；应征入伍c
8、all up是动词词组。如果宾语是名词，可以放在call和up中间，也可以放在call up后面；如果宾语是代代词词，只能放在只能放在call和和up中间。中间。call me up call my mother up=call up my mother call构成的其他短语call back 召唤某人回来；回电话call for 需要；要求；接(某人/某物)call in 邀请，请来call on 拜访(某人)；号召call in on 简短拜访 call at 拜访(某地)call off 取消4.Snakes come near the house now and then,and t
9、hey seem to have made their home here,not far from the walnut tree.now and then 有时，偶尔表示有时，偶尔意义的词有：occasionally,sometimes,at times,once in a while,every now and then,from time to time.5.Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm
10、 them.distinguish vt.&vi.区分，辨别，分清 distinguish.from使使.有别于有别于，区分，区分和和.betweenand区分区分和和（2）vt.使受人青睐，使出众distinguish oneself(as/for)(作为/因)杰出,著名Mo Yan distinguished himself by winning the first Noble Prize in Literature as a Chinese writer.莫言是首个获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家，这使他一举成名。distinguishable adj.能辨别的，可区分的distinguish
11、ed adj.著名的，杰出的，高贵的be distinguished for/as 因/作为.而著名 You can find Joes house easily because his house is (distinguish)from others in the street by its pink walls and large windows.A tiny baby soon learns (distinguish)his mothers face from other adults.It also includes related skills such as distinguis
12、hing facts opinions and assessing the soundness of evidence.distinguishedto distinguishfrom6.I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.set about 开始，着手+名词/代词/动名词不能用于被动语态不能用于被动语态set out+to do sth 开始/着手做某事set down 写下,记下 set aside把搁到一边,省出（钱或时间）set up建立，开办 set off
13、出发 set back 使推迟,耽误 In much of the animal world,night is the time set for sleep-pure and simple.Ralph W.Emerson would always set new ideas that occurred to him.We set to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.Armed with the information you have gathered,you can set preparing
14、your business plan.A letter from his home set an attack of homesicknessasidedownoutaboutoff7.They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.abruptly adv.突然地，意外地abrupt adj.突然的，意外的，生硬的convenient adj.方便的,便利的,容易到达的It is convenient(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事方便Sth.is convenient for sb./sth
15、.某事对某人/某物来说是方便的。convenient 作表语时，不可用人作主语，要用物作主语或者it充当形式主语。conveniently adv.方便地convenience n.方便；便利的事物at ones convenience 在某人方便时for conveniences sake 为了方便起见 Id like to meet you at your (convenient)to discuss the possibility of working in your company.Its very convenient (pay)by credit card.conveniencet
16、o pay8.This time with great caution I bent down to examine the snakes and I found them very sleepy.(1)n.谨慎，慎重，警告give sb.a caution 给某人一个警告with caution 谨慎地extreme/great caution 特别谨慎，小心翼翼The teacher gave Tom a caution and told him never to do it again.老师给了汤姆一次警告，叫他不许再那样做。(2)v.警告，告诫，提醒caution sb.to do s
17、th.警告/告诫某人做某事caution sb.not to do sth=caution sb.against doing sth.警告/告诫某人不要做某事The police cautioned the prisoners not to play any tricks.警察告诫罪犯不要耍花招。cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的小心的，谨慎的be cautious about/of.对。小心/谨慎The girls were afraid of snakes and picked their way along extreme caution.He always puts forwar
18、d unusual plans.So be cautious them before you decide to join in.A final word of (cautious)-never try any of this without backing up your system.单句写作(1)他警告我们开车不要太快。（caution）He too fast.(2)学生们拼写时应该非常小心，以避免发生错误。(cautious)The students in spellingwithaboutcautioncautioned us not to driveshould be cautio
19、us not to make any mistakes9.This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again.expectation un.&cn.预料；预期；期待in/with the expectation that 预计/期望.live/come up to ones expectations 不负某人所望；达到某人期望expect vt.期待，预料期待，预料expect(sb.)to do sth.期待(某人)做某事10.seize vt.抓住,捉住,握住(机会、时机等),夺取,攻占seize sb.by the a
20、rm 抓住某人的胳膊抓住某人的胳膊seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会抓住机会Without showing her surprise,she rushed in,(seize)the phone,tore off the wires,and shouted at the phone.Desperately,I kept my eyes wide open and tried to seize my brother by arm,once,twice,three times We should seize every opportunity (develop)t
21、he economy.seizedtheto develop11.in case 假使，以防，万一In case I forget,please remind me about it.拓展：in any case 无论如何 in case of 如果，假使in no case 决不 in that case 假使那样的话，既然那样as is often the case 这是常有的事12.freezing adj.极冷的,冰冻的,冰点以下的freezing point 冰点 boiling point 沸点freezing temperature 冻结温度freeze v.结冰，冻住，(使)冻
22、死froze(过去式)frozen(过去分词)frozen adj.冷冻的,冰封的,冻硬的freezing water 冰冷的水 frozen water 已经结了冰的水13.I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue.(1)vt.忍受，承受bear to do sth.忍受做某事bear doing sth.忍受做某事bear sth.忍受某事The water that bears the boat is the same that swallows it up.水能载舟，亦能覆舟。(2)v.记住，考虑到bear.in
23、mind 记住.，将.记在心中bear（it）in mind that 记住，考虑到.You must bear it in mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor.你一定要记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生。单句写作(1)他无法忍受在公共场合遭人嘲笑。He cant in public.(2)你应该记住，这些考试分数会影响到你的最后成绩。You should that these exam scores affect your final result.bear being laughed atb
24、ear it in mind14.worth adj.值得的,有价值的。表示程度时要用well来修饰，而不用very。区分worth、worthy、worthwhile(1)Worth 可用作表语，补语和后置定语，但是通常不作前置定语。Sth.is worth+数字 某物值.钱Sth.is worth+n./pron./doing 某事值得.It is worth doing sth.做某事有价值。(2)worthy作定语修饰名词时表示值得尊敬的，值得敬仰的；作表语时表示值得的，适合的Sth./sb.is worthy of+n.某事/某人值得.Sth.is worthy of being d
25、one 某事值得做Sth.is worthy to be done 某事值得做(3)worthwhile 表示值得花时间(或金钱、努力等)的；重要的，可作表语和定语It is worthwhile to do sth.做某事是值得的。It is worthwhile doing sth.做某事是值得的。The book is written by a famous author,so its well worth (read).The car was beautiful,and I thought it was worthwhile (buy)it.But my friend Jack sai
26、d it was not worthy of (buy),because it was too expensive.readingbuying/to buybeing bought选词填空(worth、worthy、worthwhile)This article is well reading,but it is not to be translated.So I think that all your effort isnt .worthworthyworthwhile15.associate vt.联想；联系associate.with.把和联系在一起associated adj.有联系的
27、，相关的，有关联的be associated with 与有关，association n.联想，联合，联系，社团in association with 与联合16.out of order 发生故障，次序颠倒out of control 失控out of breath 上气不接下气out of danger 脱离危险out of shape 变形out of door 在户外out of place 不合适的，不协调的17.ring back 回复电话，(给某人)再打电话call back 回电话ring off 挂断电话ring up 打电话answer the phone 接电话hang/hold on 不挂断电话give sb.a ring 给某人打电话call sb.给某人打电话
