1、形容词及副词形容词及副词1用以修饰名词，表示事物的用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征特征的词。的词。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.在句中作在句中作定语定语、表语表语、宾语宾语补足语补足语等成分等成分2e.g.He is a good student.I have something important to tell you.当形容词修饰由当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后不定代词的之后.e.g.Is there anything interesting in to
2、days newspaper?3The trees turn green in spring.We are alone on the island.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词你能说出几个？你能说出几个？alone afraid awake asleep alive able4形容词和宾语一起构成形容词和宾语一起构成复合复合宾语宾语e.g.We must keep the classroom clean.He made us happy.Colour it green.56词词 尾尾 变变 化化原级原级比 较比 较级级最 高最 高级级单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词
3、尾加-er(-er(比较级比较级)或或-est(est(最高级最高级)以字母以字母e e接尾的词加接尾的词加-r-r或或-st-sttall hard tall hard large widelarge wide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加erer或或estestbig hot big hot thin fat thin fat wet wet 以辅音字母以辅音字母+y+y结尾的词变为结尾的词变为i i再加再加-er,er,或或-est-esthappy dry happy dry earlyearly n
4、 a r r o w n a r r o w clever clever 多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加加more more 和和most most difficult difficult popular popular slowlyslowlytaller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliest
5、narrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少数以少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节结尾的双音节词可加词可加-er或或-est7原级原级goodgoodwellwellbadbadillillmanymanymuchmuchlittlelittlefarfaroldold比较级比较级最高级最高级better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderl
6、east farthest/furthestoldest/eldest8Tom is as tall as Mike.as+形容词原形形容词原形+asThere are as many students in our school as yours.Tom is three times as old as Mike.9 否定否定 not as+形容词原形形容词原形+as “和和 不一样不一样”或或 not so+形容词原形形容词原形+as “不及不如不及不如 Tom is not as tall as Mike.Tom is not so tall as Mike.10 比较级比较级+than
7、 This bridge is longer than that one.Our school is larger than theirs.11表示两者之间的选择，可使用表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Which is+比较级，比较级，or?”表示不及另一方时，使用表示不及另一方时，使用“less+原级原级+than”Which is longer,this one or that?This park is less beautiful than that one.12This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons.so+形容词原级形容词原级+that丛句丛句 H
8、e is so big that he cant enter the room by the door.too+原级原级+to do sth.He is too young to join the army.形容词原级形容词原级+enough to do sth.13“The+比较级比较级，the+比较级比较级”“比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级”The smaller the house is,the less it will cost us the heat.In spring,the days are getting longer and longer.14one of the+最高级
9、最高级+名词复数名词复数最高级+of(in)This is/was the最高级最高级+名词名词+that定语从句定语从句Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.This is the worst film that I have seen these years.Of all the movie stars,I think Zhang Ziyi is the best.15B.B.形容词的构成形容词的构成 1.名词名词+y变为形容词变为形容词 n+y:rainy,sunny foggy stormy,windy,snowy,fro
10、sty,cloudy,lucky,healthy,sleepy,noisy,guilty 2.名词名词+ly变为形容词变为形容词n+ly:lovely,friendly,lonely,lively weekly,daily 3.名词名词+其它后缀其它后缀变为形容词：变为形容词：n+ful:careful,beautifuln+less:careless,uselessn+ous:dangerous16 1.He looked _ because he didnt pass the exam.(happy)2.It is _ to shout at the old people.(polite)
11、unhappyimpoliteCan you change the flowing words into opposites?+:possible _ patient_+:correct_ active_+:necessary_ friendly_+:honest_ +:regular_ impossibleimpatientincorrectinactiveunnecessaryunfriendlydishonestirregulariminundisirWe can add prefixes to some adjectives to form opposites.某些形容词可以加上特定的
12、前缀变成相应的反义词某些形容词可以加上特定的前缀变成相应的反义词17用来修饰动词、形容词、用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或其它副词、全句或 名词词组及句子的词。名词词组及句子的词。e.g.very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.18Scientists are worried that something in the air may lead to various diseases including lung cancer.Shi Yuankai,one of the famous doctors in Shanghai,said longtime stay
13、in the harmful air the air with something smaller than 2.5 micrometers(PM2.5)which goes to the lungs,is a major health threat.reallyTry to find out all the adverbs!especiallydirectly19Air quality in the capital is bad because of the heavy fog.Beijings air was widely polluted on Monday,according to t
14、he China National Environmental Controlling Center.In Beijing,the lung cancer rate has increased fast during the past few years.Increasing air pollution might be blamed(v.把归咎于)for the use of cars.Worsely,protective ways like wearing face masks help because the dust is small.Try to find out all the a
15、dverbs!veryhardlytoo201.1.修饰修饰动词动词2.2.修饰修饰形容词形容词3.3.修饰修饰副词副词4.4.修饰修饰整句整句goes directly toare really worriedhas increased quite fastWorse,protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help211.Shi Yuankai,one of the famous doctors in Shanghai,said longtime stay in the harmful air especially the air wi
16、th something smaller than 2.5 micrometers(PM2.5)which goes directly to the lungs,is a major health threat.2.Beijings air was widely polluted on Monday,according to the China National Environmental Controlling Center.3.Worse,protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too
17、small.When do we use adverbs?1.修饰动词修饰动词221.In Beijing,the lung cancer rate has increased quite fast during the past few years.When do we use adverbs?3.修饰副词修饰副词231.Scientists are really worried that something in the air may lead to various diseases including lung cancer.2.Air quality in the capital i
18、s very bad because of the heavy fog.3.Worse,protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.When do we use adverbs?2.修饰在形容词修饰在形容词241.Shi Yuankai,one of the famous doctors in Shanghai,said longtime stay in the harmful air especially the air with something smaller tha
19、n 2.5 micrometers(PM2.5)which goes directly to the lungs,is a major health threat.2.Worse,protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.When do we use adverbs?4.修饰整句修饰整句253.We can take a walk,for the wind blows _ in March than in February.(gentle)4.Of all the poll
20、ution fighters,trees protect our environment _(good).So we should plant more trees.1._,we can save more electricity during Earth Hour.(actual)Actuallycarefullymore gentlybestWhat can we do to save the earth?sort v.分类2.We can sort the rubbish as _ as our classmates.(careful)261.频率副词频率副词 always,usuall
21、y,often,sometimes,seldom,never I usually watch TV.2.程度副词程度副词 very,quite,so,such,really,rather,too,enough Its very/so hot today.3.方式副词方式副词(-ly)My father shouted at me angrily.4.疑问副词疑问副词 how long,how far,how often,how soon,how much -How long have you been away from your hometown?-Since 5 years ago.D.D
22、.副词的分类副词的分类271.在大多数的形容词后加在大多数的形容词后加-ly sweetly,beautifully,loudly 2.happily,angrily,noisily3.4.以以le结尾的，去结尾的，去e+yE.E.方式副词的构成方式副词的构成 以以e结尾结尾,+ly,nicely，politely，safely（true-truly）辅音字母加辅音字母加-y结尾，变结尾，变y为为i再加再加-ly terrible-terribly,possibly,comfortably 281.1.许多形容词加许多形容词加-ly-ly可以构成副词，但有些以可以构成副词，但有些以-ly-ly
23、结尾结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词。的词不是副词，而是形容词。如：如：friendly,lonely,lovely,lively,likely,daily2.2.有些形容词和副词同形：有些形容词和副词同形：如如：early，late，fast，high，hard，straight（请注意（请注意hardly的意思及用法）的意思及用法）易错点：易错点：291.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的注意点：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的注意点：2.Marys hair is the same color as her mothers.30 副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的
24、比较级和最高级的构成基本相同词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g.形容记的最高级前要用定冠词形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world.Jim jumped(the)highest of the all.fast-faster-fastestslowly-more slowly most slowly311.The bread is _ than these cakes A.very delicious B.much delicious C.m
25、ore delicious D.as delicious2.Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A.far B.farther C.farthest D.quite far3.When they met in the hotel.They talked and laughed _A.happily B.happy C.happier D.happiestCCA32 4.In our city its _ in July,but it is even _ in August A.hotter hottest
26、 B.hot hot C.hotter hot D.hot hotter 5.Hainan is a very large Island.It is the second _ island in china.A.large B.larger C.largest D.most largest 6.An elephant is _ than a tiger.A.heavy B.very heavy C.the heaviest D.heavierDCD33 7.A horse is _ than a dog.A.much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier D.
27、more heavy 8.Emma always makes a lot of mistakes.She is _.A.care B.careful C.carefully D.careless 9.Which subject is _,physics or chemistry?A.interesting B.most interesting C.more interesting D.the most interesting CDC3410.He is _ enough to carry the heavy box.A.strong B.stronger C.much stronger D.the strongest 11.Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good boy.A.less more B.few much C.more little D.little many 12.When the famous singer started to sing,everyone began to shout very _.A.loudly B.loud C.heavily D.high AAA35
