1、 Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected. 一一单词攻略单词攻略 _adj. 出乎意料的 _n.背包 _v.睡过头 _ n.街区 _ n. 工人 _v.凝视_ n.不信_prep.在.上面_ v.燃烧 _ adj.活着的；有生机的 _ n.机场 _ prep.直到 _adj.向西的； _ n.奶油_ n.工作日_n.果馅饼_n.豆 _n.市场 _n.傻瓜_n.服装_n.女士 _adj.尴尬的_ v.宣布 _ n.发现 _v.取消 _n.军官 _v.消失_ adj.可相信的 二二短语集锦短语集锦 1. 在.以前_ 2.捎某人一程_ 3.排成一排_ 4. 在.
2、以前_ 5.出现_ 6. 即将做某事_ 7. 化装舞会_ 8.盯着；凝视 _ 9.怀疑地_ 10.心里暗想_ 11.玩弄某人_ 12. 发生_ 13.耗尽_ 14.卖光_ 15.发出响声_ 16.熬夜_ 17.结婚_ 三三经典句型经典句型 1. 生活充满了意外。Life_ _ _the unexpected. 2. 我起床时，我哥哥已经在洗澡了。By the time I got up, my brother_ _ _ in the shower. 3. 我正要上楼时，突然决定先去喝咖啡。I _ _ _go up when I decided to get a coffee first. 4.
3、 Welles 描述地如此的逼真以至于成百上千的人相信了这个故事，恐惧在全国蔓延开来。 Welles made it sound_ real _ hundreds of people believed the story, and fear spread across the whole country. 5.为什么有一年愚人节时，超市里的意大利面条全卖光了？ Why did the supermarket_ _ _spaghetti one April Fools Day? 6.当我回到家时，我意识到我把钥匙忘在了背包里。 When I got home, I realized I_ _ m
4、y keys in the backpack. 四四语法易用语法易用 1.定义定义 过去完成时由“had +动词的过去分词”构成，主要表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生的动作或存在的 状态 2.用法用法 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。 表示开始于过去某时的一个动作一直延续到另一过去时间，并有可能继续下去，常与 for, since 等词连用。 3.结构结构 肯定/否定句：主语had/hadnt过去分词 一般疑问句：Had 主语过去分词？(Yes, 主语had. / No, 主语hadnt.) 特殊疑问句：疑问词had 主语过去分词？ 4.过去完成时
5、的判断依据过去完成时的判断依据: 由时间状语来判定：(1) by + 过去的时间点；过去的时间点；(2) by the end of + 过去的时间点；过去的时间点；(3) before + 过去的时间过去的时间 点；点；(4)since+过去的时间；过去的时间；(5) for+一段时间；一段时间； (6) never；yet；already 由“过去的过去”来判定：即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时. (1) 宾语从句宾语从句中: 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。 在 told, said, knew, heard,
6、thought 等动词后的宾语从句。 Eg.Amy told me that she had lived here for 5 years. (2) 状语从句状语从句中: 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的， 要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。 Eg.When I got home, my mom had finished cooking. (3) 有时句子没有明显的时间状语，动作的先后顺序要从上下文去判断。 Eg. Her whole family were pleased with her. She had won the first p
7、rize in the game. 五、单词精讲五、单词精讲 1.unexpected adj.出乎意料的出乎意料的 expect v.期待期待 expected adj.预期的预期的 【巧记】un(否定前缀)+expected=unexpected 【短语】expect sb to do sth 期待某人做某事 sb. be expected to do sth 某人应该做某事 【考题链接】1.Sometimes, a persons whole life was easily changed by something_. 5. Tom was_guest at the party beca
8、use he wasnt invited. A.an expected B.an unexpected C.an expecting D.unexpected 2. oversleep v.睡过头睡过头 过去的过去过去的过去 过去过去 现在现在 将来将来 【巧记】over（前缀）+sleep（动词,睡觉）=oversleep 【拓展】overwork 过渡劳累 overage 超龄的 oversized 过大的 overcoat 长大衣 sleep 既可以作为动词，意为“睡觉”，也可以作为名词“睡眠”，have enough sleep 有充足的睡眠 sleeping 形容词，意为“正熟睡的”
9、，强调动作正在进行既可以作为前置定语，也可以作为表语 sleepy 形容词，意为“困倦的”，既可以作为定语，也可以作为便于。feel sleepy 感到困倦的 asleep 形容词，意为“睡着的”，只能作为表语，不能作定语。 fall asleep 意为“入睡” 【考题链接】1. Look at the_ baby. 2. Tom was too excited to_ last night. 3.Dont make so much noise, the baby is_. 4.Tom stayed up late to play computer games, so he_ during c
10、lasses. 5.You_ again. Hurry up or you will be late. 3. worker 工人工人 【巧记】work+er(表示职业/身份的后缀)=worker 【拓展】work 作为名词时意为“作品”；作为动词时意为“起作用” 【考题链接】1.Whats wrong with my watch? It doesnt_. 4.stare v.盯着看；凝视盯着看；凝视 【拓展】stare at sb 盯着某人看 【考题链接】Stop _ me. It makes me feel uncomfortable. 5.disbelief n.不信不信 【拓展】beli
11、eve v.相信 belief n.信赖；信仰 believable adj.可信的 Unbelievable adj.难以置信的 【短语】in disbelief 不信地；怀疑地 【考题链接】1.He stares at me_. 2.It is_ that he got the first prize. 6.Above 单词 含义 两物体之间的关系 反义词 above 在.上面 不接触；不垂直 below over 在.正上方 不接触；垂直 under on 在.上面 表面接触 beneath 【考题链接】1.The moon was_ the tree. 2. There are som
12、e books _the desk. 3.The temperature will stay _zero in the daytime. 7.alive lively 意为“生机勃勃的；鲜艳的；生动的” living 意为“活着的”，强调说明“健在” live 意为“活的”，还有“直播的”意思，只修饰物 alive 意为“活着的”，侧重生与死之间界限 【考题链接】1.The speech is very_. 2.The old man is more than 80 years old, but he is still_.3.Dont touch it. Its a _snake. 4. Sh
13、e was still_when she was taken to hospital. 5.This is a _ show. 8.west 【拓展】north 北方 south 南方 east 东方 western 西方的 eastern 东方的 southern 南方的 northern 北方的 【考题链接】There are many differences between _ countries and_ countries. 9.Fool foolish adj.愚蠢的愚蠢的 【拓展】用作动词意为“愚弄；欺骗”，fool sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事 用作名词意
14、为“傻瓜”，make a fool of sb 意为“取笑某人” 【考题链接】The teacher has told the students how to protect themselves from being_and cheated. A.fool B.fooled C.to fool D.fooling 10.embarrassed adj.窘迫的；尴尬的窘迫的；尴尬的 embarrass v.使使.窘迫窘迫 embarrassing adj.使人害羞的；使人尴尬使人害羞的；使人尴尬 的的 【考题链接】1. I feel _ by his_words. 2.His words_me
15、. 3. The questions the reporter asked sometimes were_and they made me_. 11. discovery v.发现；发现发现；发现 【拓展】cover v.覆盖 be covered with 被.覆盖 discover v.发现 【考题链接】1.Columbus_ America. 2.It is dangerous to drive, because the road _ thick ice.3.In the future, humans_more secrets of nature.4.-The Chinese Tu Yo
16、uyou won the 2015 Nobel prize. -Her_ has saved millions of lives across the world. 12. disappear v.消失；不见消失；不见 【巧记】dis(否定前缀)+appear=disappear 反义词 appear：出现 【拓展】类似单词：dislike 不喜欢 disagree 不同意 dishonest 不诚实的 disbelieve 不相信的 【考题链接】By the time people found out the story was not true, all the spaghetti _.
17、六、短语赏析六、短语赏析 1. 关于关于 end 的短语的短语 by the end of 到.末为止 end up with 以.结束 end up 最终成为；最后处于 end up doing sth.以做某事结束 in the end 最后；终于 at the end of .在.的末端/尽头 【考题链接】1.The party_ a poem. 2.At first they hated each other, but they_ getting married. 3.You will find a post office_ the street. 2.show 的短语的短语 Show
18、 up 出现出现 show sb. around +地点地点 show off 炫耀炫耀 【考题链接】1.Excuse me. Im new here. Can you _me_ the new school? 2.He often _ how rich he is. 3.We had no idea why he didnt_ at the meeting. 3.关于关于 go 的短的短语语 go off 发出响声;变质 go on 进展 go over 检查 go ahead 前进；干吧；拿吧 【考题链接】 1.The boss was late for the meeting becau
19、se his alarm clock didnt_. 2.-Excuse me, can I ask you some questions?-_. 3.Youd better_the test paper before handing it in. 4. 关于关于 line 的短语的短语 Cut in line 插队插队 in line with 与与.成一排成一排 be lined with 排列着排列着 【考题链接】1.Its impolite _when we are waiting for the bus. 2.To our surprise, the walls of the new
20、 bookstore_ books. 5. 关于关于 off 的短语的短语 take off 起飞；脱（衣服） go off 发出响声;变质 put off 推迟 get off 下车 turn off 关闭 cut off 切断 show off 炫耀 kick off 开除 give off 发出（光、热、气味） 【考题链接】 1.The plane is about to_. 2.The food easily_ in summer. 3.Because of the heavy rain, we had to_ the sports meeting. 4.Tom made some m
21、istakes yesterday. He worried about whether his boss would_him_. 6. 关于关于 turn 的短语的短语 turn off 关闭 turn into 使.变成 turn up 调高；出现 turn down 调低；拒绝 turn out 被证明是 turn on 打开 turn to sb 向某人求助 【考题链接】1.Whenever she was in trouble she_him for help. 2.I cant hear the radio clearly. Can you_ it_ a bit? 3.The exa
22、minations_quite easy. 4.Could you_the bath for me while youre upstairs? 4. I laid my book aside,_the lights and went to bed. 5.I cant believe that he _such a good job. 5.When spring comes, trees begin to_green. 七、句型解读七、句型解读 1.Life is full of the unexpected. 【点拨 1】区别 be full of 和 be filled with be fu
23、ll of 充满；装满 The room is full of people. be filled with 充满，是 fill.with 的被动语态 The bottle is filled with sand. 【点拨 2】 the unexpected 为“the+形容词”结构，意为“一类人或一类事物”，在句子中充当主语时，谓语动 词要用复数形式。 【考题链接】1.If you read a lot, your life will be full_ pleasure. 2.The bus is filled _ people. 6. He keeps on helping_ in tha
24、t_mountain area. A.poor; the poor B.poor; poor C.the poor; poor D.the poor; the poor 1.By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower. 【点拨】by the time 意为“在.以前；到.时候”，引导时间状语从句。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成 时态。 【考题链接】The meeting_ by the time I got there yesterday. A.was on B.has been on C.had beg
25、un D.has begun 2.I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first. 【点拨】be about to do sth 意为“即将做某事”，表示客观上马上发生的事情，常与 when 连用。 【考题链接】I was about_(go to bed)when it began to rain. 1. Welles made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story, and fear spread across the whole count
26、ry. 【点拨】so.that 意为“如此.以至于”，引导结果状语从句。常用的结构有： so+形容词/副词+that 从句； so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that 从句；so+many/few+可数名词复数+that 从句；so+much/little+不可数名 词+that 从句 【拓展】so that 意为“为了.;目的是”,引导目的状语从句。 【考题链接】Li Na is _ famous_ all the tennis fans in China know her. A.too; to B.enough; to C.as; as D.so; that 2. Why did t
27、he supermarket run out of spaghetti one April Fools Day? 【点拨】 run out of “用完.”,是及物动词短语；主语一般是人，of 后跟东西，表示某人用完某物。 run out “用完.”,是不及物动词短语；主语一般是物，表示某物用完了，是用主动表示被动意义。 【考题链接】1.Some people waste too much water. They dont believe that it can_some day. A. keep out B.run out C.be run out D.run out of 2.We hav
28、e _ rice. Lets go to buy some at the market. A. run out B.been run out C.run out of D.been run out of 3. When I got home, I realized I had left my keys in the backpack. 【点拨】leave（left）此处用作及物动词，意为“遗忘；留下”，常用的结构：leave+宾语+地点状语，意为“把 某物遗忘在某处”；而 forget sth 表示忘记某物，其后不能接地点状语。 【考题链接】-Oh, my god! I_ my noteboo
29、k in my bedroom.-It doesnt matter. I will lend you mine. A.forget B.forgot C.leave D.left 八语法专练八语法专练 一用动词的适当形式填空 1.When I got there the bus _(go). 2.By the time I got to class, the teacher _(start) teaching. 3. We _(learn) over 1000 words by the end of last term. 4. I _(clean) the room before he arr
30、ived here. 5. We _ (paint) the house before we _ (move) in. 6. That rich old man _ (make) a will before he _(die). 7. They _ (study) the map of the country before they _ (leave). 8. The robbers _ (run away ) before the policemen _ (arrive). 9.Paul _ (go) out with Jane after he _ (make) a phone call.
31、 10.Our plan _(fail ) because we _ (make) a bad mistake. 二选择题 1He asked me _ during the summer holidays. A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone 2. I _ 9 English songs by the time I was ten。 A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt 3. By the time my
32、 parents reached home yesterday, I _ the dinner already. A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked 4.He _more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. A.has learned B. would have learned C.learned D. had learned 5.My father _for London on business, so I did
33、nt see him. A.has left B. left C. had left D. was leaving 6.-We all went to the cinema except you last night. Why didnt you come?-Because I_ that movie twice. A.have watched B.had watched C.was watching D.would watch 7.The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she_ before. A.did
34、nt fly B.hasnt flown C.hadnt flown D.wasnt flying 8.I learned_ the city for a long time. A.she has been in B. she has gone to C. she had been in D. she had gone to 9. I saw Kate with a new radio in her hand yesterday, but she told me she_the radio for ten days. A.has bought B. had bought C. has had D. had had 10. The film _ for ten minutes when we got to the cinema. A. had already been on B. had already begun C. have already been on D. have already begun
