1、Unit 3 Language in useModule 1 Wonders of the worldObjectives:To summarise and consolidate tenses learned before:1)the present simple tense 2)the past simple tense3)the future simple tense4)the present continuous tense5)the past continuous tense 6)the present perfect tense语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如
2、尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语法规律。语言现象中总结出语法规律。Observe the following examples carefully.They are all from this module.1.I visited the Giants Causeway two years ago.2.It produces electricity for millions of people in China.一般过去时一般过去时一般现在
3、时一般现在时3.Ive never seen it,so Im not sure I agree with you.4.I looked to the east the sky was becoming grey.5.Youll get there in five minutes.6.Am I going the right way?7.The sun rose behind me and shone on the rocks.8.I think the Giants Causeway is the most fantastic natural wonder.现在完成时现在完成时一般现在时一般
4、现在时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时1.To test your sense of observation2.To test your ability of short-term memory 3.To test your ability of inductive methodGuess1.I _(visit)the Giants Causeway two years ago.2.It _(produce)electricity for millions of people in China.3.I _
5、_ _(never see)it,so Im not sure I _(agree)with you.4.I _(look)to the east the sky _ _(become)grey.visitedproduces have never seenagree was becominglookedgo Ready?5.You _ _(get)there in five minutes.6._ I _(go)the right way?7.The sun _(rise)behind me and _(shine)on the rocks.8.I think the Giants Caus
6、eway _(be)the most fantastic natural wonder.will getAm goingroseshoneis以上我们已经通过归纳总结对本课的以上我们已经通过归纳总结对本课的语法内容有一定的了解语法内容有一定的了解,下面就让我下面就让我们进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。们进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。动词的时态动词的时态不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种语动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动作表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作称作动动词时态词时态。到目前为止，我
7、们已学过英语中常用的六到目前为止，我们已学过英语中常用的六种时态：种时态：一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时 一般将来时一般将来时 现在完成时现在完成时表示经常性发生的动作、存在的状态、表示经常性发生的动作、存在的状态、日常行为、爱好、习惯性动作或客观日常行为、爱好、习惯性动作或客观真理、科学事实等。真理、科学事实等。I go to school at 6:30 every morning.我每天早上六点半去上学。我每天早上六点半去上学。The girl sings very well.那个女孩唱得非常好。那个女孩唱得非常好。主语人称主语人称
8、第一人称单数第一人称单数第三人称单数第三人称单数第一、三人称复数第一、三人称复数第二人称第二人称be动词形式动词形式amisareI am a junior high school student.Miss Li is our English teacher.LiMing and WangLin are my classmates.主语人称主语人称第一人称单数第一人称单数第三人称单数第三人称单数第一、三人称复数第一、三人称复数第二人称第二人称实义动词形式实义动词形式do(动词原形动词原形)-s/es(第三人称单数第三人称单数)do(动词原形动词原形)We play basketball aft
9、er school.My uncle teaches at Sunshine Middle School.I have a good friend.1.直接在动词后直接在动词后+s like-likes play-plays2.以以s,x,sh,ch接尾的动词：接尾的动词：+es wash-washes3.以辅音以辅音+o接尾的动词：接尾的动词：+es do-does go-goes4.以辅音以辅音+y接尾的动词：变接尾的动词：变y为为i+es fly-flies实义动词第三人称单数的变化规则实义动词第三人称单数的变化规则实义动词一般现在时的否定句和疑问句实义动词一般现在时的否定句和疑问句构成
10、要借助构成要借助助动词助动词do或或does。Students do not go to school on Sunday.Does your father go home at five in the afternoon?Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.一般一般过去时过去时构成构成用法用法常用常用时间时间状语状语动词的过去式动词的过去式1.表示过去某个时表示过去某个时 间发生的动作或间发生的动作或 存在的状态。存在的状态。2.表示过去经常或表示过去经常或 反复发生的动作。反复发生的动作。yesterdaylast nightin 1990two days ago 1.一般
11、在动词末尾加一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked 2.结尾是结尾是e加加d，如：，如：taste-tasted 3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加再加-ed，如：，如：stop-stopped 4.以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的，变结尾的，变y为为i，再再加加-ed，如：，如：study-studied5.常用不规则动词过去式：常用不规则动词过去式：am/is-was are-were do-did see-saw say-said
12、give-gave get-got go-went come-came have-had eat-ate take-took run-ran sing-sang put-put make-made read-read write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank fly-flew ride-rode speak-spoke sweep-swept swim-swam sit-sat1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在 的状态。的状态。He said that here yesterday.I got up at six thirty yes
13、terday morning.My father wrote a passage yesterday afternoon.Did you have a good time last summer?2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。My father often went to work by bus last year.When I was a child,I often listened to music.yesterdayyesterday morning/afternoon/eveninglast night/week/month/year two days
14、/a week/three years ago in 1990 肯定式：肯定式：主语主语+动词过去式动词过去式+We heard a sound.否定式：否定式：主语主语+did+not+动词原形动词原形+We did not/didnt hear any sound.一般疑问式：一般疑问式：Did+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+?Did you hear a sound?Yes,we did./No,we didnt.beamisarewaswere肯定式：肯定式：主语主语+was/were+否定式：否定式：主语主语+was not(wasnt)/were not(werent)+一般疑问式：
15、一般疑问式：Was/Were+主语主语+?Yes,主语主语+was/were.No,主语主语+was not(wasnt)/were not(werent).一般过去时一般过去时肯定式肯定式 主语主语+was/were+其他其他.主语主语+动词的过去式动词的过去式+其他其他.否定式否定式 was主语主语+not+其他其他.were主语主语+didnt+动词动词原形原形+其他其他.一般疑一般疑问句及问句及回答回答Was/Were+主语主语+其他其他?(肯肯)Yes,主语主语+was/were.(否否)No,主语主语+wasnt/werent.Did+主语主语+动词动词原形原形+其他其他?(肯肯)
16、Yes,主语主语+did.(否否)No,主语主语+didnt.巧记动词过去时态巧记动词过去时态动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；be用用was或用或用were，have,has变变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间做标志；谓语动词过去式，过去时间做标志；一般动词加一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记；，若是特殊得硬记；否定句很简单，主语之后否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添；添；疑问句也不难，疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；放在主语前；谓语之前有谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；，谓语动词需还原；动词若是动词若是was,were，否定就把，否定就把not添。添。肯定句肯
17、定句:主语主语 +am/is/are+-ing+am/is/are+-ing 否定句否定句:主语主语 +am/is/are+not+am/is/are+not+-ing+-ing 疑问句疑问句:Am/Is/Are+Am/Is/Are+主语主语 +-ing+-ing 现在进行时表示现在进行时表示现在现在或或现阶段现阶段正在进行正在进行或发生的动作。或发生的动作。1)1)表示表示说话时正在进行说话时正在进行的，目前正在发的，目前正在发生的动作。常带有表示目前时刻的时生的动作。常带有表示目前时刻的时间副词间副词,如：如：now,at the(very)now,at the(very)moment,f
18、or the time being,at moment,for the time being,at present,present,及及Look!Listen!.Look!Listen!.Look!The big bird is flying away.看，那只大鸟正在飞走。看，那只大鸟正在飞走。He is watching a movie now.他现在正在看电影。他现在正在看电影。2)2)表示目前一段时间内正在进行，表示目前一段时间内正在进行，但但 说话时可能没有进行的动作。说话时可能没有进行的动作。Right now I am studying Chinese by distance l
19、earning.我现在正通过远程教育学习汉语。我现在正通过远程教育学习汉语。3)与与always,constantly,forever,all the time等副词连用，表示动作反复或习等副词连用，表示动作反复或习 惯。此时句子常含有说话者的强烈惯。此时句子常含有说话者的强烈 情感在内。表达较强的情感在内。表达较强的“责备责备”或或“表表 扬扬”之意。之意。You are always changing your mind.你总是主意不定。你总是主意不定。(太烦人了。太烦人了。)He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。他总是帮助别人。(他真是个好人。他真是个好
20、人。)He is leaving on Wednesday.他将于周三离开。他将于周三离开。Mary isnt here at the moment.She is coming later.玛丽现在不在这儿，她一会儿来。玛丽现在不在这儿，她一会儿来。4)对于对于come,go,leave,arrive,start等等 表示位置移动的动词常可用进行时表示位置移动的动词常可用进行时 态表将来。态表将来。1.在在过去某一时刻过去某一时刻正在正在进行进行的动作的动作(a)They were eating breakfast at 7:00 am yesterday.(b)I was writing a
21、 letter at this time yesterday.(c)Five minutes ago,Danny was looking out of the window and Suzy was reading a book.过去进行时表示过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行过去某时正在进行的的动作或存在的状态。动作或存在的状态。2.在在过去某段时间过去某段时间一直在一直在进行进行的动作的动作(a)From 1983 to 1998,he was teaching at Yale.(b)They were building a dam last winter.(1)基本结构：基本结构：was/w
22、ere+verb-ing (2)否定式：否定式：was/were not+verb-ing was not=wasnt were not=werentI was doing some shopping.People were running wildly.I was not reading.People were not running wildly.(3)疑问句：将疑问句：将 was/were调到主语前调到主语前 结构为：结构为：Was/Were+主语主语+verb-ing?回答：回答：Yes,主语主语+was/were.No,主语主语+was not/wasnt.were not/were
23、nt.Was he running?Yes,he was./No,he wasnt.Were they running?Yes,they were./No,they werent.when,while和和as这三个词都有这三个词都有“当当时候时候”的意思。的意思。Past continuous tense with while,when and asWhile Mille was watching TV,her mum was sleeping.米莉在看电视时，妈妈在睡觉。米莉在看电视时，妈妈在睡觉。I saw a traffic accident as I was riding to sch
24、ool this morning.今天早晨我骑车去学校时看到一起交通今天早晨我骑车去学校时看到一起交通事故。事故。Was he doing his homework when the teacher came in?当老师进来时，他正在做作业吗？当老师进来时，他正在做作业吗？【拓展拓展】现在进行时现在进行时可以表示可以表示将来的动作将来的动作，同样，同样，过去进行时过去进行时也可以表示也可以表示从过去某时看来将从过去某时看来将要发生的动作要发生的动作。Lucy arrived in Beijing last Friday,but she was leaving for Hong Kong th
25、e next morning.上周五露西到达北京，但第二天早晨就要上周五露西到达北京，但第二天早晨就要动身去香港了。动身去香港了。一般将来时其构成形式通常有以下两种：一般将来时其构成形式通常有以下两种：will/shall+动词原形动词原形 (shall用于第一人称用于第一人称)be going to+动词原形动词原形一般将来时表示一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态动作或存在的状态。用法用法We use will or shall when we talk about:things that are sure to happen in the future
26、plans that we are making nowSimple future tense with will and shall主语主语+will/shall+动词原形动词原形主语主语+will/shall not+动词原形动词原形Will/Shall+主语主语+动词原形动词原形?Yes,主语主语+will/shall.No,主语主语+will not(wont)/shall not(shant).We usually use will.We only use shall with I or we,and this usage is becoming old-fashioned.We u
27、se be going to when we talk about:1.something we decide to do2.things that will probably happenSimple future tense with be going to主语主语+be going to+动词原形动词原形主语主语+be not going to+动词原形动词原形Be+主语主语+going to+动词原形动词原形?1)be going to表示将来的打算，有时并表示将来的打算，有时并 没有特定的将来时间状语。没有特定的将来时间状语。I am going to be a basketball
28、 player.我想成为一名篮球运动员。我想成为一名篮球运动员。2)what,where,when,how引导的特殊引导的特殊 疑问句疑问句 How are you going to do that?你打算怎样做？你打算怎样做？next Monday/Tuesday.next week/month/year the coming Sunday/Monday this afternoon/evening tomorrow the day after tomorrow tonight现在完成时表示现在完成时表示过去发生或者未发生过去发生或者未发生的事对现在造成的影响或结果的事对现在造成的影响或结果
29、。肯定句：肯定句：主语主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词+其他其他否定句：否定句：主语主语+havent/hasnt+过去分过去分 词词+其他其他一般一般 Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+疑问句：疑问句：？肯定答语：肯定答语：Yes,主格代词主格代词+have/has.否定答语：否定答语：No,主格代词主格代词+havent/hasnt.1.表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。I have finished my work.We have set up many new factories.2.动作发生在过去，强调对现在的结果、动作发
30、生在过去，强调对现在的结果、影响等。影响等。Have you ever seen the film“Harry Potter”?Ive spent 3 years in the countryside.3.表示动作发生在过去，并且一直持表示动作发生在过去，并且一直持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去，续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去，句中使用持续性动词，且常有表示句中使用持续性动词，且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。一段时间的时间状语。We havent seen each other for ten years.Ive been an English teacher for about 20 years.
31、4.现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中，表示将来某个时刻之前已经从句中，表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。完成的动作。Ill go home as soon as I have finished my homework.Please lend me that book if you have finished reading it.1)现在完成时现在完成时+since+点时间状语点时间状语(名词、短语、名词、短语、从句，其中从句用一般过去时从句，其中从句用一般过去时)2)现在完成时现在完成时+for+段时间状语段时间状语 3)It/This is the
32、first/其他序数词其他序数词/last time+that 从句中，从句使用现在完成时。从句中，从句使用现在完成时。1)Mary has been ill since three days ago.2)Mary has been ill for three days.3)It is the first time that I have visited the city.This is the best film that Ive(ever)seen.现在完成时现在完成时表示表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，强调的是现，强调的是现在的情况，
33、所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用；在的情况，所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时一般过去时只表示只表示某一动某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过作或状态在过去发生或存在过，与现在不发生联系，它可以与表示过去的与现在不发生联系，它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。时间状语连用。He has read that book.(说明他现在知道那本书的内容。说明他现在知道那本书的内容。)He read that book last year.(只说明他去年读过那本书。只说明他去年读过那本书。)He has gone to America.(他现在不在此地，他现在不在此地，到美国去了。到美国去了。)He
34、went to America.(只说明他去过美国。只说明他去过美国。)1.already 已经，常用于肯定句中。已经，常用于肯定句中。I have already seen the film.我我已经已经看过这部电影了。看过这部电影了。2.yet 1)已经，已经，常用在疑问句中常用在疑问句中。Has Linda read the book yet?琳达琳达已已看过这本书了吗看过这本书了吗?2)还，仍然，常用于否定句和疑问句。还，仍然，常用于否定句和疑问句。He has not begun to work yet.他他还还未开始工作。未开始工作。3.just 刚刚，常用于肯定句中刚刚，常用于肯
35、定句中 I have just finished lunch.我我刚刚吃过午饭。吃过午饭。4.never 从来没有，表示否定从来没有，表示否定 He has never seen such a tall building.他他从未从未见过这么高的楼。见过这么高的楼。5.ever 曾经，主要用于疑问句曾经，主要用于疑问句 Have you ever wanted to travel around the world?你你曾经曾经想要周游世界吗？想要周游世界吗？以下部分为课本练习，供老师在对以下部分为课本练习，供老师在对答案时选择使用。答案时选择使用。P61Explain the differen
36、ces in meaning between Sentences a)and b).1 a)I often play basketball.b)I am playing basketball now.2 a)She has gone to the Great Wall.b)She has been to the Great Wall.3 a)They had an English class yesterday.b)They were having an English class at nine oclock yesterday morning.现在经常做现在经常做现在正在做现在正在做去了某
37、地去了某地去过某地去过某地过去某时间做过过去某时间做过过去某时间正在做过去某时间正在做4 a)He is doing an interview.b)He has done an interview.5 a)We are drawing a picture of Victoria Falls now.b)We will draw a picture of Victoria Falls.现在正在做现在正在做现在已经现在已经做完做完现在正在做现在正在做将要做将要做P62Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the b
38、ox.appear finish give rain talk visit walk1.listen!It _ outside.2.The great musician _ a concert in Guangzhou next month.3.Last summer,my parents _ the Terracotta Army in Xian.is raining will give visited4.He _ already _ a new book about travel.5.Thousands of people _ along the Great Wall every year
39、.6.A few minutes later,a stranger _ at the end of the street.7.The students _ about the journey to the Grand Canyon when the teacher came into the classroom.appear finish give rain talk visit walk has finished walk appeared were talkingComplete the passage with the correct form of the words in brack
40、ets.P73 The sun was going down when we(1)_(arrive)at the ground floor of the building.I(2)_(be)afraid of going to the top of tall buildings,so I was a little nervous when I (3)_(walk)into the lift.The lift(4)_(climb)faster and faster until we(5)_(reach)the 88th floor.It(6)_(be)high up there,but I wa
41、s not afraid when I stood at the top.arrived was walked climbed reached wasThe Jin Mao Tower in Shanghai,one of the tallest buildings in the world,(7)_(be)420.5 metres high.It was built in 1999,and it(8)_(have)a fantastic view of Pudong District and the center of Shanghai.I really like the tower and
42、 I am sure I(9)_(visit)it again.is has will visitP74Work in pairs.Talk about the wonders of the world you have or have not visited.A:Have you ever visited the Great Wall?B:Yes,I have./No,I havent.A:When did you visit it?/When will you visit it?B:I visited it five years ago./Maybe Ill visit it next y
43、ear.Now complete the table.Wonders of the worldWhen did you visit it?When will you visit it?The Great WallP75Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.There is one extra word.ancient high long natural opinion wonder1.The Changjiang River is about 6,300 kilometres _.2.The T
44、erracotta Army is a famous _ wonder in China.long ancient3.For my homework I have to write an article about the _ of the world.4.Mount Qomolangma is the _ mountain in the world.5.In my _,the Great Wall is the greatest man-made wonder in the world.ancient high long natural opinion wonder wondershighe
45、stopinionP86Complete the passage with the expressions in the box.Im really(1)_ my visit to the Louvre Museum in Paris.Its the most visited museum in the world every year,(2)_ people visit it.The Louvre is in an old building,but to get inside you must(3)_ a giant glass pyramid that is(4)_ 20 metres t
46、all.The entrance to the museum is(5)_ the pyramid.Some people do not like the glass pyramid.They say it looks too new and does not suit the older building.I do not(6)_ them.I think it looks great!agree with at the bottom of go through looking forward to millions of more than looking forward to milli
47、ons of go through agree with at the bottom of more thanP87Listen and number the pictures.abcP88Listen again and complete the table.Mount QomolangmaThe Empire State BuildingThe Great Pyramid at GizaLocation Between China and Nepal_In EgyptHeight _ metres_ metresAbout _ metres nowInteresting factsFirs
48、t people to climb to the top:Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay_ floorsAbout _ years oldP99Work in pairs.Think about three other wonders of the world and talk about them.A:Where is?B:Its A:How high is it?B:Its metres high.Work in groups of four.Make a poster about a wonder of the world.Decide on
49、the wonder of the world for your poster.Find out as much information as you can in books or on websites.Module task:Making a poster of a wonder of the world 1.Why should people visit the wonder?2.What will people visit the wonder?3.How can people get there?4.How much does it cost to visit the wonder
50、?5.When is the best time to visit the wonder?Make a poster.Find some pictures showing the wonder.Present your poster to the class.时态时态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时现在完成时现在完成时用法用法表示经常性发生的表示经常性发生的动作、习惯性动作动作、习惯性动作或客观真理、科学或客观真理、科学事实等。事实等。表示过去某个时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或间发生的动作或存在的状态。存在的状态。表示现在或现
