1、1.rule(动动词词)_2.near(副副词词)_3.nation(形形容容词词)_4.偶偶然然；意意外外地地_5.发发生生_6.毫毫无无疑疑问问；的的确确_7.跌跌落落_一一、按按要要求求写写出出下下列列词词汇汇或或词词组组takeplacenearlyrulenationalbyaccidentwithoutdoubtfallintoTellsomethingabouthowteawasinventedbyaccident.OnedayShenNongwasboilingdrinkingwateroveranopenfire.Someleavesfromateaplantfellinto
2、thewaterandremainedthereforsometime.Itproducedanicesmellsohetastedthebrownwater.Itwasquitedeliciousandoneoftheworldsfavoritedrinkwasinvented.LuYu“thesaintoftea”mentionedShenNonginhisbookChaJing.Thebookdescribeshowteaplantsweregrownandusedtomaketea.Italsodiscusseswherethefinesttealeaveswereproducedan
3、dwhatkindsofwaterwereused.TellsomethingaboutLuYuandhisChaJing.ItisbelievedthatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduring6thand7thcenturies.InEngland,teadidntappearuntilaround1660.TheteatradefromChinatoWesterncountriestookplaceinthe19thcentury.Tellsomethingabouthowteaspreadtoothercountries.根根据据课课本本内内容容，完完成成下
4、下列列句句子子。1.拉拉链链是是什什么么时时候候被被发发明明的的？_thezipper_?2.它它于于1893年年被被发发明明。It_in1893.wasinventedWhenwasinvented3.它它是是由由谁谁发发明明的的？_itinvented_?4.它它是是由由惠惠特特科科姆姆贾贾得得森森发发明明的的。It_WhitcombJudson.5.茶茶叶叶什什么么时时候候被被带带到到朝朝鲜鲜去去的的？_tea_toKorea?6.是是在在六六到到七七世世纪纪之之间间被被带带到到朝朝鲜鲜。It_toKorea_the6thand7thcenturies.wasinventedbyWhen
5、wasbroughtwasbroughtduringWhowasby7.热热冰冰淇淇淋淋勺勺用用来来做做什什么么？What_thehotice-creamscoop_?8.它它用用来来挖挖很很冷冷的的冰冰淇淇淋淋。Its_reallycoldice-cream.usedforservingisusedfor9.贝贝尔尔于于1876年年发发明明了了电电话话机机。AlexanderGrahamBell_thetelephonein1876.10.电电话话机机在在1876年年被被贝贝尔尔所所发发明明。Thetelephone_AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.inventedwas
6、inventedby英英语语有有两两种种语语态态：主主动动语语态态和和被被动动语语态态。主主动动语语态态表表示示主主语语是是动动作作的的执执行行者者，而而被被动动语语态态则则表表示示主主语语是是动动作作的的承承受受者者。如如：Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.我我们们昨昨天天打打扫扫了了教教室室。(主主动动语语态态，主主语语we是是clean这这一一动动作作的的执执行行者者)Theclassroomwascleanedyesterday.教教室室昨昨天天被被打打扫扫。(被被动动语语态态，主主语语theclassroom是是clean这这一一动动作作的的承承受受者者)
7、一一、一一般般过过去去时时被被动动语语态态一一般般过过去去时时被被动动语语态态的的结结构构为为“主主语语+was/were+及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词(+by+动动作作的的执执行行者者).”。如如：Treeswereplantedlastspring.去去年年春春天天种种了了树树。1.肯肯定定句句：主主语语+was/were+及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词+其其他他.e.g.PaperwasinventedbyChinesepeopletwothousandyearsago.纸纸是是中中国国人人在在二二千千多多年年前前发发明明的的。2.否否定定句句：主主语语+was/weren
8、ot+及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词+其其他他.e.g.Womenwerenotallowedtotakepartinthegamesatfirst.开开始始妇妇女女不不允允许许参参加加奥奥运运会会。e.g.Wasthispicturedrawnbyyoursister?这这幅幅画画是是你你妹妹妹妹画画的的吗吗？3.一一般般疑疑问问句句：Was/Were+主主语语+及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词+其其他他?二二、被被动动语语态态的的用用法法：1.不不知知道道谁谁是是动动作作的的执执行行者者，或或没没有有必必要要指指出出谁谁是是动动作作的的执执行行者者。e.g.Englishissp
9、okenallovertheworld.全全世世界界都都在在说说英英语语。2.需需要要突突出出或或强强调调动动作作的的承承受受者者。e.g.Thisdictionaryisusedbymoststudents.这这本本字字典典是是大大多多数数学学生生在在用用的的。1.有有些些短短语语动动词词相相当当于于及及物物动动词词，变变为为被被动动句句时时介介词词或或副副词词不不能能去去掉掉。e.g.Theyputoffthemeetingbecauseoftheweather.Themeetingwasputoffbecauseoftheweather.会会议议因因天天气气的的缘缘故故被被推推迟迟了了。
10、三三、主主动动语语态态变变被被动动语语态态应应注注意意的的问问题题2.含含有有双双宾宾语语的的主主动动句句变变为为被被动动句句时时，通通常常把把指指“人人”的的间间接接宾宾语语变变为为主主语语，指指“物物”的的直直接接宾宾语语保保留留不不变变；如如果果把把指指“物物”的的直直接接宾宾语语变变为为主主语语，则则在在间间接接宾宾语语前前加加to或或for。e.g.Myauntgavemeane-dictionaryyesterday.Iwasgivenane-dictionaryyesterday.Ane-dictionarywasgiventomeyesterday.3.主主动动句句中中感感官官
11、动动词词see/hear/watch/feel等等和和使使役役动动词词make/let/have等等后后跟跟省省略略to的的动动词词不不定定式式，变变为为被被动动语语态态时时应应加加上上不不定定式式符符号号to。e.g.Isawaheavymanenterthehouse.Aheavymanwasseentoenterthehouse.4.系系动动词词、不不及及物物动动词词或或某某些些短短语语动动词词（happen,takeplace,cometrue,fallasleep）没没有有被被动动语语态态。e.g.WhathappenedtoMr.Brown?布布朗朗先先生生发发生生了了什什么么事事
12、？将将下下列列句句子子变变为为被被动动语语态态。1.Hechosesixstorybookstheotherday.Sixstorybooks_byhimtheotherday.2.UncleLeegaveJackalargecakeforhepaintedthewallwonderfully.Jack_alargecakeforhepaintedthewallwonderfully.wasgivenwerechosen3.Amouseatehalfofthecakelastnight.Halfofthecake_byamouselastnight.waseaten将将下下列列句句子子变变为为
13、主主动动语语态态。4.WerethesemachinesinventedbyEdison?_Edison_thesemachines?Didinvent5.ThepostcardwassenttoLindabyPaul.Paul_thepostcard_Linda.6.AmericawasdiscoveredbyColumbus.Columbus_America.senttodiscovered对对划划线线部部分分提提问问7.Shoeswithlightswereusedforseeinginthedark._shoeswithlights_for?8.PaperwasinventedinCh
14、inaalmostathousandyearsago._paper_inChina?usedWhatwereWhenwasinvented4aRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.点点拨拨：原原句句为为一一般般过过去去时时态态，原原句句的的谓谓语语动动词词为为sold，宾宾语语为为thefridge；改改为为被被动动语语态态时时，应应将将thefridge作作主主语语，谓谓语语动动词词用用wassold的的形形式式。1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice._Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.点点拨拨：分分析析
15、原原句句的的句句子子结结构构可可知知，stole是是谓谓语语动动词词，mycamera是是句句子子的的宾宾语语；改改为为被被动动语语态态句句时时，应应将将mycamera作作句句子子主主语语，谓谓语语动动词词用用wasstolen的的形形式式。2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom._Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?_4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone._5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookin
16、todifferentlanguages.Wherewerethesephotostaken?Wewereadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.1.You_tothepartylastnight,werentyou?Whydidntyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers_toasafeplace.wereinvitedeat,like,invite,te
17、ll,lock,ring,break,bringwerebrought4bCompletethesentenceswithcorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.句句子子主主语语you与与invite之之间间存存在在被被动动关关系系。villagers与与bring之之间间存存在在被被动动关关系系3.Thedoor_whenwearrived,sowe_thebell.4.Thestudents_nottoeatordrinkinclass,butRuby_therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecoo
18、kies_bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally_them.waslockedrangbrokeweretoldwereeatenlikedthedoor与与lock之之间间为为被被动动关关系系；而而we与与ring之之间间则则为为主主动动关关系系；其其他他各各题题相相同同。Thetelephone_(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He_(born)in1847.Mr.Bell_(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.wasbornwasinven
19、tedworkedDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentence.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.4cthetelephone与与invent之之间间存存在在被被动动关关系系；Mr.Bell与与work之之间间是是主主动动关关系系。In1875,Mr.Bell_(learn)howtosendmusicalnotesthroughaninstrumentsimilartoatelephone.Finally,thetelephone_(invent)in1876.Thefirstsente
20、ncethat_(say)onthetelephonebyMr.Bellwas“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwanttoseeyou.”Todaythetelephone_(use)aroundtheworld.learnedwasinventedwassaidisusedMr.Bell与与learn之之间间为为主主动动关关系系。补补全全下下列列主主动动句句变变被被动动句句。1.Jennyputherclothesinthesuitcaselastnight.Herclothes_was_put_inthesuitcaselastnight.2.ThetwinssanganEnglishsongthatday.AnEnglishsong_was_sungbythetwinsthatday.3.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?_Was_abridge_built_herebythemayearago?4.Theysoldoutthelightgreendressesyesterday.Thelightgreendresses_were_sold_out.
