1、Module 5 A Lesson in a LabIntroduction Reading and Vocabulary.速记单词速记单词1.音意记忆。音意记忆。liquidexpandcontractsubstanceaimequipmentordinary2.形意记忆。形意记忆。(1)_(n.)混合物混合物 mix(vt.)混合混合(2)_(n.)氧气氧气oxide(n.)氧化物氧化物(3)_(n.)电电 _(adj.)与电有关的与电有关的;用电的用电的(4)_(n.)结论结论 conclude(v.)下结论下结论(5)_(n.)反应反应react(vi.)(化学化学)反应反应(6)_(
2、vt.)煮煮;煮沸煮沸 boiling(adj.)沸腾的沸腾的mixtureoxygenelectricityelectricalconclusionreactionboil.短语互译短语互译1.往往加入加入_2.三分之二的三分之二的_3.想起想起;记起记起_4.和和反应反应_5.在顶部在顶部_6.put.in order _7.be different from_8.at the bottom _9.keep.out of _10.find out_add.to.two-thirds ofthink ofreact withat the top把把按顺序排好按顺序排好与与不同不同在底部在底部
3、不使不使入内入内查明查明;发现发现.完成句子完成句子1.地球表面的三分之二是水。地球表面的三分之二是水。_ water.(分数表达法和分数作主语时的主谓一致分数表达法和分数作主语时的主谓一致)2.地球是月球的地球是月球的49倍。倍。The earth is _ the moon.(倍数表达法倍数表达法)Two-thirds of the earths surface isforty-nine times larger than3.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。很难想象一个没有金属的世界。_ a world without metals.(it 作形式主语作形式主语,to do不定式作真正的主语不
4、定式作真正的主语)4.下面是对一个简单的科学实验的描述。下面是对一个简单的科学实验的描述。_ of a simple scientific experiment.(表地点的词置于句首时表地点的词置于句首时,句子完全倒装句子完全倒装)It is hard to think ofBelow is a description.语篇填空语篇填空阅读文章阅读文章,并根据首字母提示将下面文章补充完整。并根据首字母提示将下面文章补充完整。Different metals have different uses.When we use metals,it is important to know how th
5、ey 1.r_ with different 2.s_.By doing some simple experiments,we can achieve the following 3.a_.Firstly,put them in order according to the 4.r_.Secondly,find out if iron rusts in dry air,in air-free water and in 5.o_ water.In order toeactubstancesimseactionrdinaryachieve the second aim,we need differ
6、ent pieces of 6.e_.Having made full preparations,we can go to the different 7.s_ of the experiment.During each stage,relative methods should be used.After that,we will get different results and make the 8.c_ that iron does not rust in dry air and in air-free water but it 9.r_ in ordinary water.quipm
7、enttagesonclusionsusts【读而后思读而后思】1.Why is it important to know how the metals react with different substances?Because we can know how to use different metals in different places.2.If you want to write a report on a scientific experiment,how many stages should you take and what are they?Five.make an a
8、im;list the equipment;think of methods;describe the result;write down the conclusion.1.contract vi.收缩收缩;订合同订合同 n.合同合同,契约契约【语境领悟语境领悟】Metal contracts in cold weather.金属在寒冷的天气里收缩。金属在寒冷的天气里收缩。We contracted to make sure of it.我们订合同来确认一下。我们订合同来确认一下。Tyler has just made a seven-year contract with a Hollywoo
9、d studio.泰勒刚刚和好莱坞的一家制片厂签订了泰勒刚刚和好莱坞的一家制片厂签订了7年的合同。年的合同。It was because of you that we signed the contract.就是因为你我们才签了那份合同。就是因为你我们才签了那份合同。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】sign/make a contract(with)(与与)签合同签合同carry out a contract履行合同履行合同expand vi.(反义词反义词)膨胀膨胀【即学活用即学活用】You should read the _ carefully before you sign it.A.contras
10、t B.contact C.contract D.conflict【解析解析】选选C。考查名词形近词的辨析。句意：你在签合同之。考查名词形近词的辨析。句意：你在签合同之前应该仔细阅读它。前应该仔细阅读它。contract合同合同;contrast对照对照,对比对比;contact联系联系,接触接触;conflict冲突。冲突。2.conclusion n.结论结论【语境领悟语境领悟】I found the conclusion of his book very interesting.我发现他的书的结尾非常有意思。我发现他的书的结尾非常有意思。Make a conclusion about w
11、hat we can do to keep healthy and draw a conclusion according to others answers.总结我们总结我们怎样保持健康怎样保持健康,并根据别人的回答作出一个总结。并根据别人的回答作出一个总结。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】make a conclusion下结论下结论arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论得出结论in conclusion最后最后,总之总之jump to a conclusion贸然断定贸然断定conclude vt.下结论下结论;推断推断;结束结束In conclu
12、sion,our president concluded his speech with a humorous story.最后最后,我们的主席以一个幽默的故事结束了他的演讲。我们的主席以一个幽默的故事结束了他的演讲。【即学活用即学活用】用适当的词完成句子。用适当的词完成句子。_ conclusion,dont _ to a conclusion,otherwise we might _ a wrong one.Wed better lay our heads together before we _ a conclusion.总之总之,不要贸然断定不要贸然断定,否则我们会得出错误的结论。在得
13、出结论否则我们会得出错误的结论。在得出结论之前我们最好一起讨论讨论。之前我们最好一起讨论讨论。Injumpmakedraw3.aim n.目标目标;目的目的 vi.对准目标对准目标,瞄准瞄准【语境领悟语境领悟】My aim is to become a policeman when I graduate from middle school.=I aim to become a policeman when I graduate from middle school.我打算中学毕业以后当警察。我打算中学毕业以后当警察。We aim at quality rather than quantity
14、.我们旨在质量而不是数量。我们旨在质量而不是数量。I didnt mean to hit your car.I was aiming at that tree.我不是故意打你的车。我瞄准的是那棵树。我不是故意打你的车。我瞄准的是那棵树。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】with the aim of目的是目的是aim at瞄准瞄准(sth.);目的在于目的在于(sth./doing sth.);针对针对(sb.)aim to do sth.打算或旨在做某事打算或旨在做某事【巧学助记巧学助记】瞄准瞄准“目标目标”【即学活用即学活用】用用aim短语完成句子。短语完成句子。I always _ become a
15、successful man._,I came to Shanghai last year.I _ finding a better life here.我一直想成为一名成功人士。带着这个目标我一直想成为一名成功人士。带着这个目标,去年去年,我来到了上我来到了上海海,旨在寻求一个更好的生活。旨在寻求一个更好的生活。aim toWith this aimaimed at4.ordinary adj.普通的普通的;平常的平常的【语境领悟语境领悟】You can find out if iron rusts in ordinary water by the experiment.通过这个实验你会弄清
16、铁在普通的水中是否生锈。通过这个实验你会弄清铁在普通的水中是否生锈。He can make ordinary things sound very interesting.他能把极平常的事情说得很有趣。他能把极平常的事情说得很有趣。In the ordinary way,I visit her once a week.在一般情况下在一般情况下,我每周去看她一次。我每周去看她一次。【易混辨析易混辨析】ordinary普通的普通的,平常的平常的,指没有什么特别的地方。反义指没有什么特别的地方。反义词是词是specialusual通常的通常的,惯常的惯常的,指一贯如此。反义词是指一贯如此。反义词是un
17、usualcommon常见的常见的,共同的共同的,普遍的普遍的,指许多人或事物所共指许多人或事物所共同具备的。同具备的。common sense常识常识 normal正常的正常的,指符合常态的、常规的。反义词是指符合常态的、常规的。反义词是abnormal【即学活用即学活用】选词填空。选词填空。ordinary,common,normal,usualThe _ temperature of the human body is 37C.Today he came earlier than _,for it was not an _ day.Oil pollution is the _ cause
18、 of death for seabirds.normalusualcommonestordinary5.leave v.离开离开;搁置搁置;使处于某种状态使处于某种状态,听任听任,让让【语境领悟语境领悟】Leave the tube for one week.将试管放置一周。将试管放置一周。He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.他明天动身去北京。他明天动身去北京。Leave things as they are.顺其自然。顺其自然。Did you leave the window open?你让窗户开着吗你让窗户开着吗?Dont leave the water
19、 running.不要让水一直流。不要让水一直流。Better leave it unsaid.最好别把话说出来。最好别把话说出来。You had better leave him to solve the problem.你最好让他去解决那个问题。你最好让他去解决那个问题。Please goleave me in peace.请走开请走开让我安静一会儿。让我安静一会儿。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)leave(.)for.离开离开(某地某地)到某地去到某地去(2)leave vt.使处于某种状态使处于某种状态结构：结构：leave+宾语宾语+宾语补足语。宾语补足语。宾语补足语形式：从句宾语补足语
20、形式：从句/adj./v.-ing/v.-ed/to do/介词短语介词短语/adv.等。等。【即学活用即学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。Youd better leave the door _(open).Rose left her homework _(undo)and went bowling.Dont leave her _(wait)outside for such a long time.openundonewaiting6.add.to.把把和和相加相加;把把加到加到里里【语境领悟语境领悟】Add some oil to the water.在水中加些油。
21、在水中加些油。If you add 4 to 5,you will get 9.四加五等于九。四加五等于九。The bad weather only added to our difficulties.这种坏天气只增加了我们的困难。这种坏天气只增加了我们的困难。These numbers add up to 100.这些数目合计为这些数目合计为100。After a short while,he added that he would try his best.过过了一会儿了一会儿,他又接着说他会尽力。他又接着说他会尽力。Add up your scores and see how many
22、points you get.加加你的分数加加你的分数,看你得了多少分。看你得了多少分。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】add to sth.增加某事物增加某事物add up sth.把某物加起来把某物加起来add up to总计总计;共达共达(=come to)add that.附加说附加说【巧学助记巧学助记】形象记忆形象记忆add短语短语【即学活用即学活用】用适当的介词用适当的介词/副词填空。副词填空。Please add _ the numbers and Im sure they will add up _ more than 1,000.The bad weather in Taiwan add
23、ed _ the Chinese mainland tourists rescue difficulties.uptoto7.put.in order把某物按顺序排列把某物按顺序排列【语境领悟语境领悟】The reaction of metals with these substances can be put in order.和这些物质起反应的金属能有序地排列。和这些物质起反应的金属能有序地排列。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】in good order秩序井然秩序井然out of order无序的无序的in order of按按顺序顺序keep order维持秩序维持秩序The room is ou
24、t of order.Please keep it in good order.这房间乱七八糟。请收拾一下。这房间乱七八糟。请收拾一下。Work should be done in order of importance.工作应分轻重缓急。工作应分轻重缓急。Some teachers find it difficult to keep order in class.有些老师觉得维持课堂秩序不容易。有些老师觉得维持课堂秩序不容易。【即学活用即学活用】Look!Tony,your books are everywhere.Please put them _.A.on order B.in orde
25、rC.in short order D.out of order【解析解析】选选B。句意：瞧。句意：瞧!托尼托尼,你的书到处都是。请把它们按你的书到处都是。请把它们按顺序排列好。顺序排列好。on order在订购中在订购中;in order整齐整齐;in short order迅速迅速;out of order次序混乱次序混乱;put.in order把把按顺序排好。按顺序排好。8.It is hard to think of a world without metals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。很难想象一个没有金属的世界。【句式分析句式分析】该句中该句中it作形式主语作形式主语,真正的主
26、语为其后的动词不定式真正的主语为其后的动词不定式,即即to think of a world without metals。Its important for us to master a foreign language.对我们来说掌握一门外语是重要的。对我们来说掌握一门外语是重要的。Its careless of you to make so many mistakes in this exam.在这次考试中你出了这么多错真是太粗心了。在这次考试中你出了这么多错真是太粗心了。【名师点津名师点津】介词不同意不同介词不同意不同(1)It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.(其中
27、常见的这类形容词有：其中常见的这类形容词有：easy,important,difficult,hard,possible,impossible,necessary等等)(2)It is+adj.+of sb.to do sth.在句中作表语的形容词是对在句中作表语的形容词是对sb.及其行为的评价及其行为的评价,这类形容词有：这类形容词有：kind,nice,good,honest,careful,careless,clever,wise,stupid,foolish,rude,polite,impolite等。等。【即学活用即学活用】We all think _ is not necessar
28、y for you to have told her about the bad news.A.there B.it C.that D.this【解析解析】选选B。考查句式。考查句式It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.的结构。的结构。句意：我们都认为你告诉她那个坏消息没必要。句意：我们都认为你告诉她那个坏消息没必要。Isnt _ rude _ him to talk to his mother like that?A.that;for B.that;of C.it;for D.it;of【解析解析】选选D。考查句式：。考查句式：It is+adj.+of sb.to do
29、sth.的否定的否定疑问形式。因疑问形式。因rude是对人的行为的评价是对人的行为的评价,故第二个空应为故第二个空应为of。9.Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment.下面是对一个简单的科学实验的描述。下面是对一个简单的科学实验的描述。【句式分析句式分析】该句用了完全倒装句式该句用了完全倒装句式,其正常语序应为：其正常语序应为：A description of a simple scientific experiment is below.Here comes the bus.Lets hurry!车来了。我们快点车来了
30、。我们快点!Here he comes!他来了他来了!There stands a tall pine tree at the top of the hill.山顶上有一棵高高的松树。山顶上有一棵高高的松树。【名师点津名师点津】完全倒装小结完全倒装小结(1)在在there,here引导的句子中引导的句子中,谓语动词是谓语动词是be,exist等表示状态等表示状态的不及物动词时的不及物动词时,句子要全部倒装句子要全部倒装;当主语是代词时当主语是代词时,不倒装不倒装,且此类句子不用进行时。且此类句子不用进行时。(2)在在there,here,now,then及及down,out,away等表方向的
31、词开等表方向的词开头的句子里头的句子里,谓语动词是谓语动词是come,go,follow等且主语是名词时等且主语是名词时,句子要全部倒装。句子要全部倒装。【即学活用即学活用】仿写句子。仿写句子。这儿有一个图表这儿有一个图表,那些反应最强烈的金属在上面。那些反应最强烈的金属在上面。_ with the metals that react most at the top.Here is a table(2009上海高考上海高考)Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away _.A.fleeing the thief B.was fleeing the thiefC.t
32、he thief was fleeing D.fled the thief【解析解析】选选D。away置于句首且主语是名词时置于句首且主语是名词时,句子应用全部句子应用全部倒装语序。倒装语序。A项不是完整的句子项不是完整的句子;B项倒装语序不正确项倒装语序不正确;C项是项是正常语序正常语序,此三项可排除。此三项可排除。1.expand vi.膨胀膨胀【语境领悟语境领悟】When you heat a metal,it expands.当你加热一种金属的时候当你加热一种金属的时候,它会膨胀。它会膨胀。His face expanded in a smile of welcome.他的脸上绽开了欢
33、迎的笑容。他的脸上绽开了欢迎的笑容。Our physics lab has expanded into a bigger one.我们的物理实验室扩建得更大了。我们的物理实验室扩建得更大了。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】expand vi.扩张扩张;vt.使膨胀使膨胀,使扩张使扩张;发展发展;张开张开;展开展开expand into/in 扩张成扩张成【巧学助记巧学助记】图文巧记图文巧记expand【即学活用即学活用】完成句子。完成句子。They shouldnt _ overseas.他们不应该力图向海外扩张。他们不应该力图向海外扩张。The writer _ a long one.作者把他的短篇小说
34、扩成了长篇小说。作者把他的短篇小说扩成了长篇小说。have tried to expandexpanded his short novel into2.react v.反应反应【语境领悟语境领悟】When we use metals,it is important to know how they react with different substances,for example,water and oxygen.当我们使用金属时当我们使用金属时,了解金属和诸如水、氧气之类的不同物质了解金属和诸如水、氧气之类的不同物质如何发生反应是重要的。如何发生反应是重要的。How did Wilson
35、 react to your idea?=What was Wilsons reaction to your idea?威尔逊对你的想法反应如何威尔逊对你的想法反应如何?Most people reacted against the passing of the law.多数人反对通过这项法律。多数人反对通过这项法律。Applause can react greatly on/upon a speaker.听众的掌声对演讲人有很大影响。听众的掌声对演讲人有很大影响。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】to 作出反应作出反应,回应回应 against反对反对,反抗反抗 with(指物质指物质)与与起化学反应起化
36、学反应 on/upon sth.对某事物有影响对某事物有影响,对某事物产生变化对某事物产生变化reaction n.反应反应,回应回应(to)react【即学活用即学活用】用适当的介词完成句子。用适当的介词完成句子。Unkindness often reacts _ the unkind person.Iron reacts _ water and air to produce rust.The football player reacted _ the judges decision by withdrawing(退出退出)from the match.onwithto3.boil v.煮煮
37、;煮沸煮沸【语境领悟语境领悟】Boil the water for three minutes.将水烧开保持三分钟。将水烧开保持三分钟。Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade.水在一百摄氏度沸腾。水在一百摄氏度沸腾。Heres some boiled water.Have a drink whenever youre thirsty.这里有开水。渴了请随便喝。这里有开水。渴了请随便喝。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】boil something煮东西煮东西boiling water 正在沸腾的水正在沸腾的水boiled water开水开水【即学活用即学活用】用用boil
38、的适当形式完成句子。的适当形式完成句子。Do you prefer eggs fried or _?_ eggs.Oh,water is _.OK.Lets _ the eggs in the _ water.boiledBoiledboilboilingboiling4.make sure 弄清楚弄清楚;查明查明;确信确信;务必务必【语境领悟语境领悟】This makes sure there is no air in the water.这可以保证水中无空气。这可以保证水中无空气。You must make sure of the time and place.你必须把时间和地点弄清楚。你
39、必须把时间和地点弄清楚。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】that从句从句保证保证;of sth./doing sth.确保确保 of sth.一定会一定会;肯定会肯定会be sure to do sth.一定要一定要(务必务必)做某事做某事 that.确信确信;有把握有把握for sure确定地确定地;肯定地肯定地make sureYoure sure to fail if you do it that way.你那样做一定会失败。你那样做一定会失败。Youre sure of a warm welcome.你一定会受到热烈欢迎的。你一定会受到热烈欢迎的。【名师点津名师点津】make sure后一般不跟不
40、定式后一般不跟不定式,后接后接of/about/从句从句是高考常考点。是高考常考点。【即学活用即学活用】I think the boy has been lying to you about his past,so _ _(你最好查明一下你最好查明一下).youdbetter make sure of itPlease tell Tom not to leave the classroom unless he _ that all the lights _.A.makes sure;are turned offB.makes sure;will turn offC.is made sure;a
41、re turned offD.will make sure;will be turned off【解析解析】选选A。考查。考查unless引导的条件状语从句及主、被动语态。引导的条件状语从句及主、被动语态。unless引导条件状语从句时引导条件状语从句时,谓语用一般现在时表将来谓语用一般现在时表将来,因此排除因此排除D项项;因为因为he与与make sure之间是主动关系之间是主动关系,排除排除C项项;又因又因lights与与turn off之间是被动关系之间是被动关系,应用被动语态应用被动语态,故答案为故答案为A。make sure保证保证,确保确保,后面可跟后面可跟that引导的宾语从句。
42、引导的宾语从句。5.find out(经过研究或询问经过研究或询问)查明某人查明某人/物物【语境领悟语境领悟】To find out if iron rusts(a)in dry air;(b)in water that has no air in it(air-free water);(c)in ordinary water.发现铁是否在下列状态下生锈：发现铁是否在下列状态下生锈：(a)在干燥的空气中在干燥的空气中;(b)在没在没有空气的水中有空气的水中(无空气水无空气水);(c)在普通的水中。在普通的水中。After we asked several people,we found out
43、 where Mr Wang lived.问过几个人后问过几个人后,我们才找到王先生住在何处。我们才找到王先生住在何处。【易混辨析易混辨析】find out指经过研究、观察、调查而找出原因指经过研究、观察、调查而找出原因,查明事查明事实实,指有主观意识的动作指有主观意识的动作find指经过一番经历或偶然发现指经过一番经历或偶然发现,强调寻找的结果强调寻找的结果,是终止性动词是终止性动词【即学活用即学活用】用用find或或find out的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。The host was quite annoyed when he _ that his things on the book
44、shelves had been out of order.主人发现他书架上的东西被弄乱了主人发现他书架上的东西被弄乱了,很生气。很生气。Im looking for my book,but I cant _ it.我在找我的书我在找我的书,但是我不能找到它。但是我不能找到它。found outfind6.think of 想出想出;想起想起;考虑考虑(=think about)【语境领悟语境领悟】I felt so shy that I could think of nothing to say.我感到如此害羞我感到如此害羞,以至于想不出一句要说的话来。以至于想不出一句要说的话来。At ev
45、ery turn they think of themselves before others.在考虑别人之前在考虑别人之前,他们事事先替自己打算。他们事事先替自己打算。Never think of yourself as the wisest person in the world.千万别自认为自己是世界上最有智慧的人。千万别自认为自己是世界上最有智慧的人。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】think of.as.以为以为是是think about考虑考虑think over 仔细考虑仔细考虑We should always use our brains and think everything over
46、 carefully.我们凡事应该动脑好好想一想。我们凡事应该动脑好好想一想。【即学活用即学活用】(2013广州高一检测广州高一检测)Do tell me the ways you think of _ the problem as soon as possible.A.to solve B.solvingC.solve D.being solved【解析解析】选选A。句意：一定要尽快告诉我你所想到的解决这个。句意：一定要尽快告诉我你所想到的解决这个问题的方法。由句意知问题的方法。由句意知think of的宾语是的宾语是the ways,即即you think of作作the ways的定语的
47、定语,而同时而同时_ the problem也应为定语修也应为定语修饰饰the ways,很显然该处应填不定式作定语来修饰很显然该处应填不定式作定语来修饰the ways。7.keep.out of 防止防止进入进入中中;不让不让靠近靠近;避避免麻烦免麻烦【语境领悟语境领悟】You add some oil to the water because this keeps air out of it.向水里加一些油向水里加一些油,因为这可以防止空气进入到水中。因为这可以防止空气进入到水中。I advise all of you to keep out of the matter.我劝你们大家都不
48、要介入此事。我劝你们大家都不要介入此事。Keep away from it.Dont you see the notice“Wet Paint”?离远点儿。你没看见牌子上写着离远点儿。你没看见牌子上写着“油漆未干油漆未干”吗吗?【归纳拓展归纳拓展】keep(sb.)away(from sth.)使使(某人某人)离开离开(某物某物)keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事keep in touch with与与保持联系保持联系keep up with跟上跟上,不落在后面不落在后面【即学活用即学活用】用用keep短语完成句子。短语完成句子。I think it i
49、mportant that we _ the times.我认为我们跟上时代是重要的。我认为我们跟上时代是重要的。They tried to _ him _ trouble.他们设法制止他捣乱。他们设法制止他捣乱。Its not easy to _ debt when prices are rising so fast.物价上涨得这么快物价上涨得这么快,要想不负债是不容易的。要想不负债是不容易的。keep up withkeepfrom makingkeep out of8.Two-thirds of the earths surface is water.地球表面的三分之二是水。地球表面的三
50、分之二是水。【句式分析句式分析】(1)分数、百分数作主语时分数、百分数作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于其后谓语动词的单复数形式取决于其后的名词。的名词。(2)分数的表达：分子基数词分数的表达：分子基数词,分母序数词分母序数词,分子大于分子大于“1”,分母分母加加“-s”。若是。若是“”和和“”,可分别用可分别用half和和quarter代替。代替。1412Only sixty percent of the work was done yesterday.昨天仅有昨天仅有60%的工作被做。的工作被做。More than fifty percent of students in our sch
