1、Welcome to our class!倒装句语法专题语法专题Observe the two sentences 1.Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.2.Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.What are the features of them?倒装语序倒装语序完全倒装完全倒装部分倒
2、装部分倒装谓语谓语+subject助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词/系动词系动词+subject+v+完全倒装完全倒装full inversion部分倒装部分倒装partial inversionHere came the headmaster.Never will I forgive you.句子为什么要使用倒装呢?句子为什么要使用倒装呢?n表示强调。表示强调。n承上启下。承上启下。n平衡结构。平衡结构。n增强句子的表现力。增强句子的表现力。n制造悬念,渲染气氛。制造悬念,渲染气氛。1.表方位或时间的副词或介词短语表方位或时间的副词或介词短语如,如,here,there,then,up,dow
3、n,away,off,in the room,on the wall等在句首,且主语是等在句首,且主语是名词名词且常用且常用一般现在时一般现在时和和一般过去一般过去时时,用全部倒装。,用全部倒装。全部倒装全部倒装Practice1.The plane flew down.Down _2.The cat jumped up.Up _3.Our teacher came in._4.A new problem came then._5.The thief ran away._ flew the plane.jumped the cat.In came our teacher.Then came a
4、 new problem.Away ran the thief.PracticeA little girl sat under a tree.Under a tree _.sat a little girl表示地点的介词短语位于句首时表示地点的介词短语位于句首时The boy went away.He went away.Away went the boy.Away he went.注:当主语是人称代词时主谓不倒装注:当主语是人称代词时主谓不倒装.-Look.There _.-Oh,there _.A.comes he bus,comes it B.the bus comes,it comes
5、C.Comes the bus,it comesD.The bus comes,comes itPractice1.Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away_.A.was fleeing the thief B fled the thief C.the thief was fleeing D.did the thief flee2.Hearing the bell ringing.Out _.A.rushing the children B.rushed the children C.were rushing the children D.the childr
6、en rushed 注:全部倒装常用一般现在时和一般过去时注:全部倒装常用一般现在时和一般过去时.Across the river_.A.lies a new-built bridge B.lies a newly-built bridge C.a new built bridge lies D.a newly built bridge lies常见的这类词或短语有:常见的这类词或短语有:never,not,seldom,hardly,little,nowhere,rarely,by no means in no case,in no way,at no time,on no conditio
7、n,under no circumstances等等。Rule 1:Rule 1:表示否定意义的词或短语位于句首时表示否定意义的词或短语位于句首时,句子使用部分倒装。句子使用部分倒装。部分倒装(partial inversion)n1._does it snow so heavily in South China as it did in the winter of 2007.n A.Usually B.Frequently n C.Rarely D.Regularly n2.In spite of what Id been told about the local peoples attit
8、ude towards strangers,at no time _any rudeness.nA.I had met B.I met nC.have I met D.did I met熟熟 读读 深深 思思观察句子,说出他们是哪种情况下的全部倒装。观察句子,说出他们是哪种情况下的全部倒装。(1)There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.(2)Present at the party were Mr.Green and many other guests.(3)Such are the facts.全部倒装全部倒装1.用于
9、用于 there be 句型。句型。There are many students in the classroom.主语位于谓语主语位于谓语are there之后之后原句自然顺序是:原句自然顺序是:Many students are there in the classroom.There _ at the entrance to the valley.A.did an old pine tree standB.stood an old pine treeC.did stood an old pine treeD.stand an old pine tree其中其中be可换为可换为appea
10、r,enter,come,exist,happen,lie,live,remain,seem,stand等动词。等动词。There exist some serious problems in the management of the company.There lived a king in long long ago.2.表语置于句首时表语置于句首时,倒装结构采用倒装结构采用“表语连系动词主语表语连系动词主语”的结构的结构1)形容词连系动词主语形容词连系动词主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and
11、 many other guests.2)过去分词连系动词主语过去分词连系动词主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.3)现在分词连系动词主语现在分词连系动词主语 Growing all over the mountain are wild flowers.3.such作表语,置于句首,意为作表语,置于句首,意为“就是如此就是如此”。nSuch were his words.nSuch was what he said.n他就是这样说的。他就是这样说的。1.Seeing the policeman coming,away
12、.A.the boys ranB.ran the boysC.did the boys runD.the boys runPracticen2.“Where is Kate?”“Look,_.She is at the school gate.”A.there she isB.there is she C.here you areD.here it isn3._ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A.GoneB.GoC.To goD.Going熟熟 读读 深深 思思观察句子,说出他们是哪种情况下的部分倒观察句子,说出他们是哪种情况
13、下的部分倒装装(1)Not only can he run this machine but he can repair it.(2)No sooner had I set off than it began to rain.(3)Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off.(4)Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.He didnt finish his homework
14、 until his mother came back.Not until you get there will you realize its real beauty.注:not until 引导的从句位于句首,引起主句引导的从句位于句首,引起主句部分倒装。部分倒装。前不倒后倒前不倒后倒Not until his mother came back did he finish his homework.Not only does he do well in his lessons,but also he often helps others with their lessons.He does
15、 not only do well in his lessons,but also he often helps others with their lessons.前倒后不倒前倒后不倒类似用法的还有:类似用法的还有:No sooner than,Hardly/ScarcelywhenShe had no sooner gone out than the telephone rang.had she gone out than the telephone rang.I had hardly got to the bus station whenthe bus started.had I got
16、 to the bus station when the bus started.No soonerHardly1.No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A.the game began B.has the game begunC.did the game begin D.had the game begun2.Not only _ polluted but _ crowded.A.was the city;were the streets B.the city was;were the streetsC.was the city;the stree
17、ts were D.the city was;the streets werePractice熟熟 读读 深深 思思(5)Only then did I realize I was wrong.(6)Only in this way can you learn English well.(7)They love having a lot of friends;So do those with disabilities.(8)Were I there,they would listen to me.(9)Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to
18、 work out all these difficult problems.Only on the top of the mountain can you see the tower.Only then did he know the importance of knowledge.Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened.部分倒装(partial inversion)Rule 2:Only修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,主句要进行部分倒装。句放在句首时,主句要进行部分倒装。1.
19、You can make progress in English only in this way.Only in this way _ you _ progress in English.2.I realized how much I loved them only when I left my parents for Italy.Only when I left my parents for Italy I how much I loved them.canmake did realize3.只有我们自己才能拯救自己。只有我们自己才能拯救自己。Only we ourselves can s
20、ave ourselves.Practice部分倒装(partial inversion)Most of you havent been there,neither have I.He sings well,so does she.Rule 3:表示前面所说的情况,也适合于另一人表示前面所说的情况,也适合于另一人或物。肯定句用或物。肯定句用so,否定句用,否定句用neither/nor,句,句式如下:式如下:So/Neither(Nor)+系动词、助动词系动词、助动词或情态动词主语。或情态动词主语。他喜欢读书,我也是他喜欢读书,我也是He likes reading very much._ S
21、o do I.我从来没有去过北京大学,他也是我从来没有去过北京大学,他也是I have never been to Peking University,and _.neither/nor has he1.He likes dancing._.A.So his sister does.B.So does his sister.C.So his sister is D.So is his sister.2 -You forgot your purse when you went out.-Good heavens,_.A.so did I B.so I did C.I did so D.I so
22、did表示对上述情况的认同,确实如此,不用倒装表示对上述情况的认同,确实如此,不用倒装-He is a good boy.-So he is./So is he.注:注:So+主语主语+be/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词 “某人确实如此某人确实如此”1.Nancy works in a shop and_.A.so does Alan B.so Alan too does C.that does Alan too D.that Alan too does 2.She never laughed,_ lose her temper.A.or she ever didB.nor did she
23、ever C.or did she everD.nor she ever did 1.So/such that 句型中的句型中的so/such部分位于部分位于句首时,需部分倒装。句首时,需部分倒装。e.g.:So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.其他倒装(other inversions)So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to as
24、k Tom for advice.A.I did find B.did I find C.I have found D.have I found2.as引导的让步状语从句(引导的让步状语从句(as可用可用though代替代替)as/though引导的让步状语从句必须将表语引导的让步状语从句必须将表语或状语提前或状语提前(形容词(形容词,副词副词,名词名词,实义动词提实义动词提前)。前)。1.Though he is a child,he knows a lot.Child as he is,he knows a lot.Rule :n+as/though+s+vNote:名词提前,必须把冠词省
25、略。名词提前,必须把冠词省略。2.Though he is young,he knows a lot.Young as he is,he knows a lot.Rule:adj+as/though+s+v3.Though he tried hard,he couldnt lift the stone.Hard as he tried,he couldnt lift the stone.Rule:adv+as/though+s+vTry as he might,he couldnt lift the stone.4.Though he might try,he couldnt lift the
26、 stone.Rule:v+as/though+s+情动情动/助动词助动词3.however,whatever引导的让步状引导的让步状语从句中语从句中Whatever+n.+_ _the problem may be,we must work it out.However+adj./adv+主+谓,1.无论这个问题有多难,我们必须解决。无论这个问题有多难,我们必须解决。2.无论你有什么理由,你都应该遵守诺言。无论你有什么理由,你都应该遵守诺言。However difficult_ _ you have,you should carry out your promise.Whatever rea
27、son4.在某些表示祝愿的句型中:在某些表示祝愿的句型中:例如:例如:May you succeed.5.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词,可将等词,可将if 省略,把省略,把 were,had,should 移到主语之前,采用部分倒装。移到主语之前,采用部分倒装。例如:例如:If I were you,I would try it again.Were I you,I would try it again.If you had come here,you would have met the film star.Had you
28、 come here,you would have met the film star.If I should have a lot of money,I would buy it.Should I have a lot of money,I would buy it.倒装句的考点倒装句的考点倒装倒装全部倒装全部倒装部分倒装部分倒装2.在以在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。等副词开头的句子里。3.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。1、Only+状语位于句首时状语位于句首时2.否定副词或短语位于句首时否定副词或短语位于句首时 3、So Neither Nor 位于句首时位于句首时4、特殊句式、特殊句式1.There be 结构。结构。