1、状状 语语 从从 句句If you are happy and you know it,clap your hand.If the green light isnt on,wait a minute.If it rains tomorrow,we will not go to the zoo.If you work harder,youll pass the exam.如果绿灯没有亮，就等一下。如果绿灯没有亮，就等一下。如果感到幸福，你就拍拍手。如果感到幸福，你就拍拍手。如果明天下雨，我们就不去动物园。如果明天下雨，我们就不去动物园。如果你学习更努力，你就会通过考试。如果你学习更努力，你就会通
2、过考试。If the telephone rings,_._,you will be late for school.I will answer it If you get up lateIf you are ill,_.If you ride a bike in thestreet,_.you must go to see a doctoryou must be very careful条件状语从句条件状语从句由由if（如果如果）,unless（if.not，除非），除非）,so/as long as（只要只要）等引导，谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其等引导，谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其
3、产生的相关的结果，主句用现在时，从句也用现在时；产生的相关的结果，主句用现在时，从句也用现在时；主句用过去时，从句也用过去的某种时态。主句用过去时，从句也用过去的某种时态。主将从现主将从现具体地讲，主句是一般将来时具体地讲，主句是一般将来时(包括祈使句和含包括祈使句和含有情态动词有情态动词can,may,must等等)，从句也用一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时We wont wait for him,if he doesnt come before 12oclock.We wont wait for him,unless he comes before 12oclock.如果他如果他12点前不来
4、，我们就不等他了。点前不来，我们就不等他了。So long as you keep on trying,you will surely succeed.只要你继续努力，你就会成功。只要你继续努力，你就会成功。Choose the right answer:1.Id like to go swimming _the water is not too cold.A.for B.unless C.if D.whether2.-Do you know if he _to play basket ball with us?-I think he will come if he _ free tomorr
5、ow.A.comes;is B.comes;will be C.will come;is D.will come;will be3._ you study harder,youll never pass the exam.A.If B.Until C.Unless D.Except4.Ill go swimming with you if I _free tomorrow.A.will be B.shall be C.am D.was时间状语从句时间状语从句由连词由连词 when（当当时候）时候）,while（当当时候）时候）,before（在（在之前）之前）,after（在（在之后）之后）,
6、till/until（直到）（直到）,as soon as（一（一就就），），as（当（当时时,一边一边,一边一边）,since（从（从以来）以来）,whenever（无论何时）（无论何时）等引导。等引导。当她回来时，我将告诉她每一件事。当她回来时，我将告诉她每一件事。当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。他在工作十年以后就出国了。他在工作十年以后就出国了。I will tell her everything when she comes back.My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.After he had
7、 worked for ten years,he went abroad.在忘记之前,我要把它写下来。我一到上海就会写信给你。我们一直到雨停了才离开。We didnt leave until the rain stopped.As soon as I arrive in Shanghai,I will write to you.Ill write it down before I forget it.when,while,as 均可以表示均可以表示“当当时候时候”。when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而用；而while和和as只能和延
8、续性动词连用，从句常用只能和延续性动词连用，从句常用进进行时态行时态。如：。如：When he came in,his mother was cooking.When(While)we were at school,we went to the library every day.当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.时间状语从句一般不用将来时，如果主句是一般将来时态、祈使句或者是含有将来的动作和意味时，由 when,till/until,as soon as 引导的时间状
9、语从句一般用现在时态来代替将来时。即主将从现如：I will tell her everything when she comes back.当她回来时，我将告诉她每一件事。选择正确的单词完成句子。选择正确的单词完成句子。1.Some students were reading _ (while/when)others were writing.2.I didnt go to bed _(until/after)my granny came back home.3.Mother asks me not to play computer games _(before/when)I finish
10、my homework.4.You must be tired _(after/before)working for eight hours without a rest.5.Dont worry.Ill call you _(as soon as/until)I get the news.6._(When/While)class began,we stopped to listen to the teacher carefully.原因状语从句原因状语从句常用的引导连词有常用的引导连词有because,as,for和和since。because用于表示直接用于表示直接原因原因,回答回答why
11、提出的问题，语气最强；对于显而易见的原因，常用提出的问题，语气最强；对于显而易见的原因，常用as或或since。as用于说明原因用于说明原因,着重点在主句，常译成着重点在主句，常译成“由于由于”；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成“既然既然“,as和和since的从句常放在主句之前，而的从句常放在主句之前，而because的从句常放在主句之后；的从句常放在主句之后；for因为、由于，是对某种情况加以推断或解释，对前一分句进行附加因为、由于，是对某种情况加以推断或解释，对前一分句进行附加说明；它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。说明；它引出的分句必须放
12、在另一分句后。He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining,we wont go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question,Ill ask someone else.There must be no one in the house，for the door is closed.because和so不能同用在一个句子里,如：我们不能说：Because it rained hard,so we stayed at home.应该说：或It rained hard,so we st
13、ayed at home.Because it rained hard,we stayed at home.目的状语从句目的状语从句 常用的引导连词有常用的引导连词有so that和和in order that 译为：译为：以便以便,为了为了,目的是目的是 我们早起以便能赶上第一班火车。我们早起以便能赶上第一班火车。为了将来能找到更好的工作，他努力学习。为了将来能找到更好的工作，他努力学习。We used the computer in order that we might save time.We got up early so that we could catch the first
14、train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.我们使用电脑以便能够省时。我们使用电脑以便能够省时。常用引导词常用引导词：so 所以，所以，so.that如此如此以致于以致于,such that如此如此以致于以致于常用句型：常用句型：so+adj.(adv.)+that so+adj.+a(an)+n.+that such+a(an)+adj.+n.+that such+adj.+n(s)+that我的铅笔在地上，所以我没看见它。我的铅笔在地上，所以我没看见它。他是如此的穷以至于买不起自行车给他儿子。他是如此的穷
15、以至于买不起自行车给他儿子。He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.她是如此好的一个老师以至于每个人都喜欢她。她是如此好的一个老师以至于每个人都喜欢她。She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.结果状语从句结果状语从句My pencil was on the floor,so I didnt see it.注意so that 与与so一词之差，一词之差，前者连接目的前者连接目的状语从句，状语从句，而后者连接结果状语从句。而后者连接结果状语从句。从句中动词的时态也有区别：从句
16、中动词的时态也有区别：目的状语从句中时态表示将来、可能性，带有情目的状语从句中时态表示将来、可能性，带有情态动词态动词can,could,may,might等。而结果状语从句等。而结果状语从句中表示已经发生。中表示已经发生。We got up early so that we could catch the first train.They got up late so they didnt catch the first train.目的状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由让步状语从句通常由although,though,even though（尽管（尽管,虽
17、然虽然)等连词引导。例如：等连词引导。例如：Though he is young,he knows a lot.Although I am tired,I must go on working.(2)although(though)和和 but不能用在同一个句子中不能用在同一个句子中。如：。如：我们不能说：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard,but he still went out.应该说：应该说：或或让步状语从句让步状语从句Though it was raining hard,he still went out.It was raining hard,but
18、he still went out.1.Ill go to see the film with you _ I have time this evening.A.whether B.so C.if D.when 2.The police asked the children _cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green.A.not;before B.dont;when C.not to;until D.not;after3.Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A.arrives B.wil
19、l reach C.arrives in D.get to 4.He took off his coat _ he felt hot.A.because B.as C.if D.since5.Youll fail in chemistry again _you work harder A.if B.unless C.whether D.though6._ he came to study in the university,he has made much progress in the study of English.A.While B.When C.Since D.After 7.I g
20、ot there _ late _ I didnt see him.A.too;to B.such;that C.so;that D.so;as8.The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him.A.so B.so that C.because D.in order to9._ he has little knowledge,the old worker has a lot of experience.A.Although B.Because C.If D.but10.-Whats your plan for the
21、 summer holidays?-Ill go to Beijing_ the school term ends.A.in order that B.so that C.as soon as D.even though There was an old pear tree in a mans garden.In the past,the tree fruitedevery year,so the man would get many 1._.But now,the tree got old.There were no more pears for the man.So the ungrate
22、ful（忘恩负义的man decided to 2._the tree down.When he walked to thetree3._an axe（斧子）in his hand,the tree said to him,“Pleasedont cut me down.I have brought so many pears for you in the past years.Now I only have a short time to live.”“Im sorry.I have to do so,”the man said,”4._I need something to make a
23、chair.”Then he began to wave his axe.At that moment,a 5._ in the old tree said to him,”Dont cut it down!Every time you go out and your wife feel lonely,she will come out to the garden and sit 6._the tree to enjoy its cool shade（树荫）,and I sing songs to make her happy.We give much pleasure to your wif
24、e 7._you are away from home.The man didnt 8._to the bird and drove it away.When he was about to cut the tree,some bees flew out of it and said,“Listen!9._ you agree not to kill this tree,we will give you delicious honey every day.Would you please leave the tree with us?”The man got moved（感动）.He said
25、,”You are so kind to the tree,10._.it has become old.Now I see that I shouldnt cut it down.It has done so much to me and my wife.Let the tree stay here,and let the bird continue to sing songs here.”With these words,The man left.And the old tree lived there to its last day.pearscutwithBecausebirdunderwhenlistenalthoughIf
