1、Section IV GrammarThe Adverbial Clause of TimeReview1.He learn to play the harpsichord when he was four.2.He showed musical talent when he was very young.解析：when引导的时间状语从句表示具体的时间，有时可指时间点，也可以指一段时间。从句的谓语动词可用终止性动词，也可用持续性动词。Review3.As he grew older,he began to go deaf.4.By the time he was 14.he had compo
2、sed many pieces for the harpsichord,piano and violin,as well as for orchestras.解析：句子3中，as表示主句和从句动作同时发生 句子4中，by引导的时间状语从句，主句 通常用完成时态The Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句1.时间状语从句通常由when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,as soon as，once,whenever等 连词(词组)引导eg Once it stops raining,we will leave for home
3、.雨一停下来，我们就回家。He almost knocked me down before he saw me.他快把我撞倒了才看见我The Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句asas”随着，一边随着，一边.一边一边.“.“；表示从句与主句动作同；表示从句与主句动作同时发生。从句与主句通常用一般现在时或一般过去时，时发生。从句与主句通常用一般现在时或一般过去时，有时用过去进行时。有时用过去进行时。while”在时候”，强调主句发生在从句的过程中，从句常用进行时态。when“当时候”；既可以表示从句发生在主句的过程中(主句用进行时态)，也可以表示主句发生在从句的过程中(
4、从句用进行时态)；when用在句中时，可以译作“这时”。The Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句例句：I cut my finger as I was peeling the apple.我在削苹果时割破了手指You cant be too careful while(when)you are driving你开车怎么小心都不过分When I first met him ten years ago,he was studying at a middle school.十年前我第一次见到他时，他正在一所中学学习 The Adverbial Clause of Time
5、时间状语从句sincesince自从自从以来到现在；通常从句用一般过去时，以来到现在；通常从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时或主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，但是当从句现在时，但是当从句谓语动词是延续性动作时，则表示相反的含义。谓语动词是延续性动作时，则表示相反的含义。before“在之前；还没来得及就;”通常从句和主句都用一般过去时或主句用般将来时从句用一般现在时表示将来。The Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句例句It is ten years since he left home他离开家已经十年了It was three years before he came
6、 back from abroad三年后他才从国外回来It will not be long before he realizes his dream.不久他就会实现自己的梦想The Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句注意:until与not/never/seldom/hardly等词连用时,主句谓语动词通常是短暂性动作,直到.才”;until/till从句中用持续性动作,表示动作一直持续到才终止。例句：The car didnt stop until it hit a huge rock.汽车直到撞在一块巨石上才停下来。We kept on working unti
7、l/till we finished all the work.我们一直工作到完成所有工作。The Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句2.名词短语也可以引导时间状语从句。例如：every time,each time,next time,the first time，last time例句：Every/Each time he comes,he telephones me first他每次来都先打电话The first time I met her,she was teaching children to sing a song.我第一次见到她,她正在教孩子们唱歌。T
8、he Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句3.“the+表示时间的名词”也可以引导时间状语从句。例如:the moment,the instant（立即）,the minute,the summer,the year,the day,the morning,the night等The Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句例句：1.I recognised him the moment/instant/minute he got off the train 他一下火车,我就认出了他。2.The gentleman was born the year
9、 the Civil War broke out 这位绅士出生在内战爆发的那一年。3.He returned home the night he received the telegram.在收到电报的当天晚上,他就回到了家。The Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句注意:时间状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。例句：1.Ill call you as soon as I get to Beijing 我一到北京就给你打电话。2.When he comes,Ill telephone you.当他来了的时候,我会给你打电话。Practice1.As is r
10、eported,it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.Awhen BbeforeCafterDsince解析:句意:正如报道的那样,清华大学已建校100年了。since“自从”。It is some time since.为固定句型。答案:sincePractice2.she got older and older,she became wiser and wiser.A.when B.while C.since D.as解析:as引导时间状语从句“随着”答案:AsPractice3.-Why didnt you tell him abo
11、ut the meeting？-He rushed out of the room I could say a word.A.before B.until C.when D.after解析:后半句句意:我还没来得及说一句话,他就冲出了房 间。before引导时间状语从句,“在之前”。答案:beforePractice5.I was cooking the dinner the telephone rang.解析:句意:我正在做饭就在这时电话响了。when引导时间状语从句,“这时”。答案:whenPractice6.People do not know the value of freedom
12、they have lost it A.until B.when C.as D.since解析:not.until结构,表示“直到才”。答案:untilPractice7.-How long has this bookshop been in business -1982 A.After B.In C.From D.Since解析:根据 how long和问句为现在完成时态,填since表示 “自从以来”答案:SinceMusicThe Past Perfect Tense过去完成时The Past Perfect Tense1.By the time he was 14,Mozart had
13、 composed many pieces for the harpsichord,.2.After they had known each other for many years,Beethoven said,He is a good composer,but he has taught me nothing.”3.When I got to the station,the train had left.The Past Perfect Tense 含义：是在过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成的动作,有 时从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作构成：“had+过去分词”，主要表
14、示“过去的过去”时间状语：常与befor,by,for,since等介词短语或由after,before,since,when,by the time等引导的时间状语从句连用 eg By the end of last year,we had learned seven hundred English words.到去年年底，我们已经学了700个单词了外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTThe Past Perfect Tense1.是否对现在有影响现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但与现在有关系，即用一个发生在过去的动作来说明现在的情况
15、，对现在还有着一定的影响。2.使用的时间状语不同现在完成时中常用的时间状语包括now、today、tonight、this week、this year、already、yet、just等，而过去完成时中常用的时间状语仅有by、at、before等。外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTThe Past Perfect Tense意义意义用法用法例句例句表示“过去的过去”When the police arrived,the thief had run away.警察赶到时，小偷已经逃跑了Past 1Past 2the thief ra
16、n awaywhen the police arrived,the thief had run awaythe police arrivedpresentfuture表示在过去之前已经发生的事或做的动作，此时句子须有过去的某一个时间作为背景或参照外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTThe Past Perfect Tense意义意义用法用法例句例句用在间接引语中She said she had told the truth to her parents她说她己经把真相告诉了父母They wonderedwho had stolen t
17、he money他们想知道是谁偷走了钱Past 1Past 2she told the truth to her parentsShe said she had told the truth to her parentspresentfuture在told,said,knew,heard,thought等后的宾语从句中用过去完成时,表示从句动作发生在主句动作之前。外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTThe Past Perfect Tense意义意义用法用法例句例句表示持续到过去的动作或状态He had learnedEnglish
18、for five years before hemoved to Australia他移居澳大利亚之前已经学了5年英语。Past 1Past 2He began to learn English He had learnedEnglish for five years He moved to Australiapresentfuture过去完成时也可以表示从过去某个时间开始一直持续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTThe Past Perfect Tense过去完成时常在下面的情况下使用:(1)和time
19、这个词一起使用。This was the first time that he had ever been late 这是他第一次迟到(2)用于hope,intend,mean,think,want等词的过去完成时,表示未实现的愿望。I had intended to come to see you last night,but someone visited me 昨晚我本想来看你的,但有人来拜访我了。外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTPractice用when/before/after/since/till/until填空1.W
20、ell go to the country at the beginning of June the summer harvest starts 答案:when2.He had learned Chinese he came to China 答案:before3.the work was done,we sat down to sum up experience.答案:After外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTPractice用when/before/after/since/till/until填空4.I havent seen
21、 him he moved to the other side of the town 答案:since5.I waited he came back 答案:till/until外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTPractice1.How many English words you (learn)by the end of last term 答案:had;learned2.I (read)the book twice till yesterday 答案:had read3.He (learn)English before hec
22、ame here.答案:had learnt/learned4.When I got to the station,the train (leave)答案:had left外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTPractice1.-Why didnt you go to see the film Harry Potter -Because I (see)twice.解析:问句中用的是动词的过去时态,答语中表示“过去的过 去”答案:had seen外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张P
23、PTPractice2.-What were you doing when I entered your bedroom?-I (turn)off the TV and was going to bed.解析:句中 and was going to bed暗示此空为“过去的过去”答案:had turned外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPTPractice3.-Did you hear that Beckham (break)his leg in the match?-Yes.How did it happen?解析:根据主从复合句时
24、态一致性原则可知that从句应用过 去时态,又因从句中谓语动词 break动作在主句谓语动 词之前发生,所以 break应用过去完成时态。答案:had broken外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT外研社必修二Module3 语法 共41张PPT
