1、七、并列连词和状语从句考点1并列连词1.并列连词的用法用法用法连词连词例句例句表并列、表并列、递进或递进或顺承关顺承关系系and,both.and.,neither.nor.,not only.but(also).,not.but.等等He not only read the book but also remembered what he had read.用法用法连词连词例句例句表转折、表转折、对比关对比关系系but,while等等It often rains in the south,while it seldom rains in the north.表选择表选择关系关系either.
2、or.,or等等Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.用法用法连词连词例句例句表因果表因果关系关系for,so等等He found it increasingly difficult to read,for his eyesight was beginning to fail.2.使用并列连词的注意事项(1)主谓一致中的就近原则:neither.nor.,not only.but also.和not.but.在连接并列主语时,谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一致。*Neither you nor I am to blame.(2)倒装:
3、not only.but also.在连接并列分句时,如果not only置于句首,not only所在的句子要用部分倒装。*Not only will help be given to people to find jobs,but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.(3)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型是近年来高考的热点,有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。*Register in Renren,and you will be able to get in touch with the friends
4、 whom you havent seen for a long time.(4)下列句型中常用并列连词when:be going to do sth.when.“正要做某事,这时突然”be about to do sth.when.“正要做某事,这时突然”be on the point of doing sth.when.“正要做某事,这时突然”be doing sth.when.“正在做某事,这时突然”had done sth.when.“刚做了某事,这时突然”*He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow.*S
5、he had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.【题组训练】1.Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals,to develop their knowledge,_ to participate fully in society.and2.She rushed to a conductor.“Excuse me,I
6、left my bag on the other train.Can you stop the train?”The conductor replied,“Oh,Im sorry,_ we cannot let you off.”世纪金榜导学号79060241but3.(2018成都模拟)The court heard that neither Daly _ Miss Hicks,22,was wearing seatbelts at the time of the collision that happened on November 17,2011.4.(2018衡水模拟)Whether
7、I was in the car,the house,_anywhere else there was sure to be some Beatles,or Buddy Holly constantly playing in the background.noror5.(2018衡水模拟)Remember,a winner is not one who never fails,_ one who never quits!but考点2 状语从句一、常见的状语从句1.时间状语从句(1)when,while与as引导的时间状语从句 连词连词从句谓语动从句谓语动词词用法指津用法指津when延续性动词延
8、续性动词非延续性动非延续性动词词从句的动作和主句的动从句的动作和主句的动作可作可以同时发生以同时发生,也可以先也可以先后发后发生生;当当when引导的时间引导的时间状语状语从句为系表结构从句为系表结构,而其而其主语主语和主句的主语一致和主句的主语一致,其其表语表语又是一个名词时又是一个名词时,就可就可以用以用由由as引导的省略句来代引导的省略句来代替替when引导的从句引导的从句连词连词从句谓语动从句谓语动词词用法指津用法指津while延续性动词延续性动词从句的动作与主句的动从句的动作与主句的动作同作同时发生时发生as延续性动词延续性动词强调主从句动作相伴发强调主从句动作相伴发生生,可译为可译
9、为“一边一边一一边边;随着随着”*We will ensure that people from Taiwan will enjoy the same treatment as local people when they pursue their studies or seek jobs in mainland.*Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal.*As he grew older,he became less active.(2)before与since引导的时间状语从句before与since的常用句式
10、连词连词词义词义常用句式常用句式before在在之之前前,还还未未就就;才才;趁趁,还还没来得没来得及及(1)It will(not)be+一段时间一段时间+before.“(没有没有)过过(时间时间)才才”(2)It was not/wont long before.“不久不久就就”(3)It was+时间段时间段+before.“过了过了(时间时间)才才”连词连词词义词义常用句式常用句式since自从自从以来以来It is/has been+一一段段时间时间+since.(从句用从句用一一般过去时般过去时)*It will be half a year before I come back
11、.*It wont be long before we meet again.*It was three days before he came back.since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词,所表示的是自从句谓语动作算起;若用延续性动词或状态动词,所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。*Its two years since we arrived here.*It is five years since the boy was a Young Pioneer.(3)表示“一就”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句引导时间状语从句,且表示“一就”含义的词或短语有as soon as,th
12、e moment,the minute,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly/scarcely.when.,no sooner.than.等。*We will leave the minute you are ready.*Directly I received his letter I went to see him.hardly/scarcely.when.,no sooner.than.中主句应用过去完成时,从句应用一般过去时;当no sooner.和hardly/scarcely.位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。*The ol
13、d man had hardly stepped down from the bus when it started.*Scarcely had she heard the sad story when she burst out crying.(4)until与till引导的时间状语从句连词连词位置位置用法用法注意事项注意事项until可以放可以放在句首在句首not.until可用于强调可用于强调句型句型(1)until/till用于肯用于肯定句时主句的谓语定句时主句的谓语动词是延续性动词动词是延续性动词,用于否定句时主句用于否定句时主句的谓语动词是非延的谓语动词是非延续性动词续性动词(2)
14、not until位于句位于句首时首时,主句要用部分主句要用部分倒装倒装till不可放不可放在句首在句首一般不用于一般不用于强调句型强调句型*If a lot of people say a film is not good,I wont bother to see it,or Ill wait until/till it comes out on DVD.*It was not until he told me about it again that I had any idea of it.*Not until he told me about it again did I have an
15、y idea of it.(5)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after,whenever,every time,each time,next time,the first/last time,any time,by the time,the day/year等。*Every time I express an opinion,she always argues back.by the time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时,主句用将来完成时;从句如果用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时。*By the time you come back,w
16、e will have finished the job.*By the time I got to the station,the bus had already driven off.2.条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句的常见引导词if,unless,as/so long as,in case(万一),once,on condition that,provided/providing(that),supposing(that)等。*We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or its very cold.*M
17、y parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy.*Supposing that they refuse us,who else can we turn to for help?*They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we return it before the weekend.(2)条件状语从句的时态用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用一般过去时代替过去将来时。*If everyone does his part,the project will surely be a su
18、ccess.3.让步状语从句引导词引导词从句位从句位置置语序语序语气语气特别说明特别说明although灵活灵活正常正常陈述陈述although与与though都可以与都可以与yet,still,nevertheless连用连用,但不但不能和能和but连连用。用。though灵活灵活正常或倒装正常或倒装陈述陈述as句首句首倒装倒装(即从句中即从句中的表语、状语的表语、状语或动词原形置或动词原形置于句首于句首,若表若表语是单数名词语是单数名词,前置时要省略前置时要省略冠词冠词)陈述陈述引导词引导词从句位从句位置置语序语序语气语气特别说明特别说明while句首句首正常正常陈述陈述though还还可
19、以作副词可以作副词,意意为为“可是可是,然而然而”,置于句末。置于句末。whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可以还可以引导名词性从句引导名词性从句,但但“no matter+疑问词疑问词”不可以不可以。even if与与eventhough灵活灵活正常正常虚拟虚拟或或陈述陈述no matter+疑问词疑问词/疑问词疑问词+ever灵活灵活正常正常陈述陈述whether.or not句首句首正常正常陈述陈述*Although/Though he may be troubled,he always presents a calm smiling face.*Mu
20、ch as/though I have traveled,I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.*While I admit that there are problems,I dont agree that they cannot be solved.4.结果状语从句(1)so that引导结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用情态动词,从句前可加逗号。*We turned up the radio,so that everyone heard the news.(2)so.that中so后面跟形容词或副词。*I was so tired
21、that I lost myself during marching.(3)such.that中such后面跟名词。*There was such a crush on the train that I could hardly breathe.5.原因状语从句(1)because用来回答why的提问,语气最强,一般放在主句之后。*The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.(2)since/now that表示已知的理由、稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放在句首。
22、*Since you have done that,stop blaming yourself.(3)as引导的从句常放在句首,说明次要的原因,主句说明结果,常用于口语中(注意比较:for连接的是并列句)。*As he didnt know much English,he looked up the word in the dictionary.【点津】when,seeing that,considering that表示“既然,考虑到”,也可引导原因状语从句。*She is very active,considering that she is getting in years.二、其他状语
23、从句1.地点状语从句(1)where与wherever意义基本相同,但后者语气较强,多用于书面语。*I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.*Put it wherever we see it.(2)地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。*Where theres a will,theres a way.2.目的状语从句(1)so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句中需用情态动词can,could等。*They flew there in order
24、 that they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony.(2)in order that引导的从句可位于主句之前或之后,so that引导的从句只能位于主句之后。(3)for fear that(唯恐,以防)与in case引导的目的状语从句中,谓语动词有时也用should/might/could+动词原形。*The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father might see him.*He had his camera ready in case he sa
25、w something that would make a good picture.【点津】in case当“万一,如果”讲时,引导条件状语从句。*In case he leaves,please inform me.3.方式状语从句(1)as引导方式状语从句,意为“按照”。*Will you please do the experiment as I am doing?(2)as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样;从句中可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实,也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实相反。*Jack wasnt saying anything but the teacher smil
26、ed at him as if he had done something very clever.4.比较状语从句(1)as.as;not so/as.as;the same.as表示相同程度的比较,肯定句用as.as,否定句可用not as.as或not so.as。*He doesnt run so/as fast as Jack(does).(2)than表示不同程度的比较,主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。*He runs less fast than me.【题组训练】1.(2018石家庄模拟)You can also plant a tree,_ trees absorb the c
27、arbon dioxide in the air to produce oxygen.2.(2018河南联考)This made the goat so jealous _ it began plotting(谋划)against the donkey.becausethat3.I was going into shock by then,and they called 911 and waited with me,one holding my hand and speaking gently to me that they would stay _ help came.until4.(201
28、8衡水模拟)The song A little bit longer by Nick Jonas is _ an emotional and inspiring song that when I hear it,I always come close to dropping down tears,especially when I watch it being played live.such5.(2018佛山模拟)_ you cant pick and choose which fads or trends your teens will pick up,it doesnt mean you
29、 dont get to add your opinion and use the fad as a teachable moment.Although/Though/While.语法填空解题技法【考题在线】1.(2016全国卷)In much of Asia,especially the so-called“rice bowl”cultures of China,Japan,Korea _Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.and2.(2015广东高考)One day,the cow was eating grass _it began
30、 to rain heavily.3.(2017浙江高考)Pahlsson screamed so loudly _ her daughter came running from the house.世纪金榜导学号79060242whenthat4.(2016全国卷)Over time,_ the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.5.(2016四川高考)_ it cried,she rocked it back and forth and gave
31、 it little comforting pats.as/whenWhen/If【技法点拨】1.完整的句子中,如果两个单词或短语并列,要填并列连词;2.若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号,也没有连词,空格处必定填连词;3.牢记特殊句式中连词的运用;4.全面掌握九大状语从句的连接词,熟悉它们的用法;5.准确判断主从句的逻辑关系,同时要注意区分易混词:如果主从句是因果关系,则要考虑用because/as/since;如果主从句有时间先后之分,则要考虑用时间状语从句的连词;如果从句为主句的条件,则要考虑用if;如果从句表示让步,则要考虑用although或though或while;如果有
32、that,则要考虑用so和such。.短文改错解题技法【考题在线】1.(2017全国卷)Before getting into the car,I thought I had learned the instructors orders,so once I started the car,my mind went blank.()sobut/yet2.(2017全国卷)I had grown not only physically,and also mentally in the past few years.()3.(2016全国卷)Though not very big,but the r
33、estaurant is popular in our area.()andbut去掉but4.(2016全国卷)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.()5.(2016全国卷)If we stay at home,it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.()orandbutand6.(2015浙江高考)If I was only a child when I studied in that
34、classroom,I will never forget it.()7.(2015陕西高考)My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.()IfAlthough/Thoughafterwhen/while【技法点拨】1.句间无连词,增加连词凡是两个句子间没有句号、分号,又没有连词时,一定是漏掉了连词,要根据两句之间的意义关系或逻辑关系,增加一个适当的连词。2.句间多连词,删除连词特别是受汉语影响,易将although/though.but.,because.so.连用,遇到此种情况,一般删除后面的but,so,以免影响一个句子的第一个单词首字母大写的原则。3.遇到连词要考究是否用错要根据句意、前后的逻辑关系去判断连词是否正确。4.状语从句改错三步骤第1步分析逻辑关系;第2步判断状语从句类型;第3步锁定从属连词。
