1、教学设计教学设计I Instructional D Design(ID)教学设计：回答 3 问题 What is instructional design?Why design?How to design a good lesson?培训目标 At the end of this session,the participants WILL BE ABLE TO tell one another what instructional design is in your own words.say the major elements of a design use ABCD model to i
2、mprove on a lesson plan.design activities appropriate to the objectives.ID:What 规划、开发、评价与规划、开发、评价与管理教学，确保学习管理教学，确保学习效果的过程。效果的过程。(Kemp,J.E.1998)ID:3 major focus Begins with lesson objectives Activities lead to the achieving of objectives Ends with a check on the objectivesID:3 componentsObjective des
3、ignActivity designAssessment designWhy IDRead and fill in the blanksID:Why Instruction is successful,or effective,to the degree that it accomplishes what it sets out to accomplish.Teaching objectives An objective is a statement not of what the instructor plans to put into the lesson but of what the
4、learner ought to get out of the lesson.Heinich,R.et al.1993Travel metaphor：where/how/arrived For the teacher,where to lead the learners For learners,to know where to go The teacher and learners travel together,to the same destination.Teaching and learning are GOAL-ORIENTED activities.3 characters of
5、 an objective Identify the performance The conditions The criterion of acceptable performance More often we use a 4 factor guide.(四因素法)How:a procedure Decide on teaching objectives Write them down in the format of ABCD（四因素法四因素法）Inform learners of them Design a quick way to check if they are reachedA
6、BCD 四因素法A udience 主体主体B ehavior 行为行为C ondition 条件条件D egree 程度程度i.e.Who(A)Will do what(B)Under what conditions(C)To what degree(D)ABCD:considerationsA=students needs,levelB=students action(verbs)C=activitiesD=realistic goalsCheck:ID?In your own words,tell each other.Check:3 components _ design _ desi
7、gn _ design Check:ABCD stand forABCDApplications of ABCD modelSamples Whats wrong with this Teach a few useful new words and expressions appeared in this unit.Point of view Remember:An objective is a statement not of what the instructor plans to put into the lesson but of what the learner ought to g
8、et out of the lesson.(Heinich,R.et al.1993)Change from what the TEACHER does to what the STUDENTS can do.Revision Teach a few useful new words and expressions appeared in this unit.The students will be able to use the new words and expressions appeared in this unit to make new sentences.Whats wrong
9、with this Students will read the passage to get the detailed information and the main idea by skimming and scanning.Process vs productAn objective is concerned with end product.Read the passage is a process.Chang the process to product.Revision Students will read the passage to get the detailed info
10、rmation and the main idea by skimming and scanning.The students will get the detailed information and the main idea of the passage by skimming and scanning.Whats wrong with this master useful new words and expressions appeared in this period.Mental vs action verbs Mental verbs cannot be checked easi
11、ly;the action cannot be directly observed.Change mental verbs to behavioral verbs.Revision master useful new words and expressions appeared in this period.The students will be able to classify the newly learned words and expression into categories.More mental verbsMemorizeWant ThinkLike Believe Smel
12、lNeedUnderstand More action verbsRememberUnderstand ApplyAnalyze Evaluate Create TellChangePractice DistinguishJudgeDesignListExplainEmployFocusSelectConstructDescribeRestateDemonstrateSurveyDecideInventNameFindShowCompareDebateImagineRepeatDescribeReportContrastJustifyComposeRecallDefineDrawClassif
13、yRecommendPredictIdentifyRelatePaintInvestigateVerify OrganizeState DiagramCollectOutlineMeasurePlanReportOutlineClassifyStructureTest Set up Choose SummarizeDramatize Categorize Whats your opinionSolve ObserveParaphrase Put in orderSolveCoordinate Produce Locate Compare Illustrate Determine Monitor
14、 improveSamples analysisReal samplesPEP textbooksSample 1 Students will get the main idea and the detailed information by listening.Comment:need behavioral verbs to show the results of listening,a mental verbs.Revision Students will get the main idea and the detailed information by listening.The stu
15、dents(A)will be able to get both(D)the main idea and the detailed information by ticking(B)the right answers through careful listening(C).Sample 2 Master the language points and useful expressions Comment:need behavioral verbs to show the result of mastery,a mental verb.Revision Master the language
16、points and useful expressions The students(A)will be able to match(B)correctly(D)the meanings through the newly learned(C)useful expressions with their English meanings.Sample 3 Students will speak out the topic after discussing.Comment:speak out is ambiguous.It can mean to speak loudly.Maybe,report
17、 to the class,summary your groups points,etc.Revision Students will speak out the topic after discussing.The students(A)will be able to report(B)the points of group discussion(C)to the class with clear logic and organization.Sample 4 Explanation of words&expressions&practice using them Comment:who e
18、xplains?Need to change it to the students behavior.Practice is a process,we need the results of practice,e.g.use them fluently in sentences,fill in the blanks correctly.Revision Explanation of words&expressions&practice using them The students(A)will be able to substitute(B)the words and expression
19、with their synonyms by using(C)them appropriately(D)in sentences.A Summary What we teach what they can do Mental verbs behavioral verbs Process productAlignment of goals&activitiesActivities Learning GoalsUnderstand Apply CreateLectures X Group workXXDiscussion XXXVideo clips X教学设计基本要素要素要素 分析因素分析因素学
20、习需要分析学习需要分析、确定问题、确定目标学习内容分析内容说明、教学分析、任务分析教学目标阐明详细目标、编写行为目标学习者分析学习者特征、学习者初始能力评定教学策略确定教学活动、说明方法、选择媒体教学成果评价形成性/总结性评价、行为评价、反馈分析Practice time Knowing how to do it right does mean you can actually do it right.It needs practice,i.e.hands-on experience.Now,we have some samples of lesson plans.See if they are all right or need some revision work.
