1、Natural disasterslanguage pointsunit 4一、拓展单词3._vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动_n.影响；结果；效果affecteffect4._n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.（使）震惊_adj.令人震惊的；骇人听闻的_adj.震惊的；震撼的shockshockingshocked6._vi.&vt.呼吸_n.呼吸breathebreath7._vt.&vi.复活；（使）苏醒 _n.振兴；复苏reviverevival8._n.智慧；才智_adj.充满智慧的；明智的wisdomwise1._vt.摧毁；毁灭 _ n.破坏；毁灭2._n.死亡；死 _v.死
2、去 _adj.死的；去世的 _ adj.奄奄一息的5._ n.电；电能 _adj.电的；电动的；用电的destroy destruction death die dead dying electricity electric9._vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦_n.疼痛；痛苦 _ n.受难者；受害者；患者suffersuffering10._vi.&vt.（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出_n.喷发；迸发erupteruption12._n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力_adj.有影响力的；强有力的powerpowerful13._adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇
3、静 _n.平静；沉着calmcalmness14._vt.&vi.递送；传达 vt.发表 _n.传送；递送；交付deliverdelivery11._n.幸存者；生还者_vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过_n.幸存；残存survivorsurvivesurvivalsufferer15._ n.总结；概括；概要 _ vt.概述；总结16._ n.影响；结果；效果 _ adj.有效的；生效的 _ adv.有效地；事实上17._ n.长度 _ adj.长的 summary summarize effect effective effectivelylength long 1 rescue n.
4、&vt.营救；救援营救；救援What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area？救援人员和士兵正在洪水灾害地区做什么？rescue.from.把从营救出来 come to/go to sbs rescuerescue sb 救援某人 When we were trapped in ruins,the soldiers came to our rescue.当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援我们。重点词汇讲解重点词汇讲解单句填空（1）At midnight the soldiers finally _（res
5、cue）the tourists who were trapped in the valley.rescued（2）The firefighters rescued five children _ the burning house yesterday.from（3）The mother,along with her two children,_（rescue）from the mud-rock flow（泥石流）.was rescued2 damage n.损失；损害损失；损害 vt.损害；破坏损害；破坏cause/do damage to 对造成损害;损害damage ones healt
6、h 损害某人的健康They managed to repair the houses that were badly damaged in the earthquake.他们修理好了在地震中严重损坏的房子。易混辨析destroy、damage、harm、hurt和ruin的用法辨析destroy“毁灭；消灭”，主要指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难恢复damage“损失”，主要用于物，表示部分的损失，一般可以修复harm“伤害；损害”，常用于口语，指肉体、精神、健康等方面的伤害hurt主要指精神上或肉体上的“创伤；损害”ruin表示严重破坏，以致不能修复，但这种破坏不像
7、destroy那样毁灭得彻底，而是强调致使该物的使用价值产生了问题。用作动词时,表示“使毁灭；使崩溃；弄糟”；用作名词时,表示“毁灭；瓦解；废墟”.用damage、ruin、destroy、harm、hurt的适当形式填空（1）There are many ancient temples which have fallen into _.ruins（2）That town was _ in a big fire.destroyed（3）What they said and did _ the relations between the two countries.damaged（4）His w
8、ords _ my feelings.hurt（5）Drinking too much can _ ones health.harm/damage.一句多译众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。（6）As we all know,smoking can _（damage n）do/cause damage to our health（7）It is well known that smoking can _（damage vt.）damage our health3 affect vt.影响影响;（疾病）侵袭；深深打动（疾病）侵袭；深深打动（P49）82 killed，500,000 affecte
9、d 八十二人死亡，五十万人受到影响知识拓展be greatly/deeply affected/touched 深受感动be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉be affected with high fever 发高烧effect n.效应；影响；结果vt.引起；实现；使发生have an effect on 对产生影响Mrs Black is deeply affected by the touching movie.布莱克夫人被这部感人的电影深深地打动了。.单句填空（1）It can also _（affect）by power and class，but not
10、necessarily so.be affected（2）His timely help affected me_ tears.to（3）_（affect）with a serious disease，he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.Affected.一句多译每天熬夜一定会对你的健康造成很大的影响。（4）Staying up late every day is certain to _（affect）affect your health greatly（5）Stay
11、ing up late every day is certain to _（effect）have a great effect on your health4 shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避（风雨或危险）躲避（风雨或危险）（P49）Shelters set up by the government政府建立的庇护所知识拓展take shelter from.躲避shelter.from.保护/遮蔽免受shelter from.躲避The parents best love is not to have the children
12、sheltered all the time,but to have them learn to live themselves.父母最好的爱，不是一直庇护孩子们,而是让他们学会自我生活。完成句子（1）After the terrible earthquake,the homeless need _可怕的地震过后，无家可归的人不仅需要食物和水，还需要合适的住所。not only food and water but also proper shelter（2）We sat in the shade，_ the sun.我们坐在背阴处，避免被晒到。sheltering from5 too.to.
13、（P50）Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋子里。知识拓展too.to.意为“太而不能”，too修饰形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。同义句转换（1）The house is not cheap enough for me to buy.The house is _.too expensive for me to buy（2）The problem is too difficult for me to work ou
14、t.The problem is _ I cant work it out.so difficult that6 in ruins严重受损严重受损;破败不堪破败不堪（P50）In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。知识拓展ruin n.&vt.破坏；毁坏fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪ruin ones hope 使某人的希望破灭ruin oneself 自我毁灭The temple was in ruins.这座庙宇已经成了一片废墟。.单句填空（1）What left the
15、 town in _（ruin）?ruins（2）A large number of churches fell _ ruin after the big flood.into.完成句子（3）The heavy rain completely _.大雨把我们的假期彻底毁了。ruined our holiday（4）Although some of the sections _ altogether,the Great Wall is the longest man-made structure in the world.虽然有些部分已是断壁残垣，或已彻底消失，但长城依旧是世界上最长的人造建筑物
16、。lie in ruins or have disappeared7 shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.（使）震惊（P50）People were in shockand then,later that afternoon,another big quake shook Tangshan again.人们震惊了然后，当天下午晚些时候，又一场大地震侵袭唐山。知识拓展a great shock to sb 令某人极为震惊的事in shock 震惊；吃惊shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的be shocked at/by 对吃惊be shocked to do sth 因做某事而吃惊
17、shocking adj.令人震惊的经典佳句We were all shocked by the shocking news that he was still in a state of shock after the accident.However，when he finally came to himself he looked at us in shock，knowing nothing about the accident.事故发生后他仍处于休克状态，这一令人震惊的消息使我们都感到震惊。然而，当他终于苏醒过来时，他震惊地看着我们，对事故一无所知。点拨shocked adj.“感到震
18、惊的”，表示人的心理状态和心理感受；shocking adj.“令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。单句填空（1）The news _（shock）the public,leading to great concern about students safety at school.shocked（2）The news of his sudden death is so _ that everyone is very _ at it.（shock）shockingshocked（3）I was shocked _（hear）that Kobe and his daughter died
19、 in the terrible air crash.to hear8 trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱（P50）Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。知识拓展trap sb into doing sth 诱使某人做某事be trapped in 被困在set/lay a trap 布好陷阱
20、；设下圈套be caught in a trap of.陷入的困境图解释义The locals are encouraged to set traps to kill these animals.当地居民被鼓励设捕捉器捕杀这些动物。.单句填空（1）She _（trap）in the burning house.was trapped（2）I was trapped _ telling the person all I knew.into.句式升级（3）The team were trapped in the burning building and they were eager to be
21、rescued.（定语从句）_The team who were trapped in the burning building were eager to be rescued.9 bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心（P50）Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。经典佳句Their ambitio
22、ns were finally buried.他们的雄心壮志最终被埋藏了。.单句填空（1）She buried her face _ her hands when she heard the bad news.in（2）Ever since he moved there,he _（bury）in his research work.has been buried（3）In the past three weeks,we have been burying _（we）in study because the exam is drawing near.ourselves.一句多译因为他埋头读书,所
23、以他不知道外面下雨了。（4）_,he didnt know it was raining outside.（连词because）Because he buried himself/was buried in the book（5）_,he didnt know it was raining outside.（动词-ing形式作状语）Burying himself in the book（6）_,he didnt know it was raining outside.（过去分词作状语）Buried in the book10 effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力make an effort
24、 to do sth 努力做某事in an effort to do sth 为了做某事spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事Another reason why we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make an effort.另一个让我们永不放弃的理由是，只有努力，我们才能从错误中学习。.单句填空（1）I do believe that all your_（effort）will pay off sooner or later.efforts（2）A
25、s far as Im concerned,you should make a greater effort _（study）hard.to study（3）If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance，I will spare no effort _（finish）the task.to finish.一句多译我们将竭尽全力帮助你,但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。（4）Well _ you,but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.try/do our be
26、st to help（5）Well _ you,but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.make an effort to help（6）Well _ you,but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.spare no effort to help词汇11 suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦suffer from 患病；因而受苦suffer from cold/hunger 受冻/挨饿suffer loss
27、es/pains 遭受损失/痛苦suffering n.苦难；痛苦sufferer n.受难者He suffered great pains as a result of the accident.由于那次事故，他遭受了巨大的痛苦。.单句填空（1）Death finally brought an end to her _（suffer）.suffering（2）She received many letters of support from some cancer _（suffer）.sufferers.完成句子（3）The company _ as a result of the acci
28、dent.由于那次事故，该公司遭受了重大损失。suffered a great loss（4）Even if he _，he never gave in.即使遭遇许多困难，他从不屈服。suffered from a lot of difficulties12 erupt vi.&vt.（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出：突然发生；爆发知识拓展erupt from 从喷出erupt into 爆发为；突然发出（尤指叫喊）eruption n.喷发；爆发The volcano may erupt and then there will be earthquakes.Isnt she afraid?火
29、山也许会爆发，那将会引发地震，难道她不怕吗？13 supply n.pl.补给品；供应（量）；补给 vt.供应；供给（P52）The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集来的。知识拓展in short supply 短缺have a good supply of.备有许多school/medical supplies 学校/医疗用品supply sth to sb=supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物其他表
30、示“为某人提供某物”的短语：provide sb with sthprovide sth for sboffer sb sthoffer sth to sb.单句填空（1）The government has supplied plenty of food and clothes _ the local people since the earthquake occurred.to（2）Id like to know the reason why the milk is _ short supply in this area now.in.一句多译没有必要担心，我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。（
31、3）There is no need to worry.We can _.supply you with whatever you need（4）There is no need to worry.We can _.supply whatever you need to you14 survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过（P52）Shes feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.她正在喂地震中幸存的婴儿。知识拓展A survive B（by.）A比B活得久survive on 依靠生存下来survive from 从中存活下来；
32、流传下来survivor n.幸存者survival n.U幸存；C残存物经典佳句He was very lucky that he didnt starve to death,but survived the cold winter.他很幸运，没有饿死，而是熬过了寒冷的冬天。单句填空（1）The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived _ the fish caught in the sea.on（2）Of the six people injured in the terrible accident,only two _（survive
33、）.survived15 power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力；权力（P53）Go to an open space away from buildings,trees,or power lines.去一个远离建筑物、树木或电线的空地。知识拓展have the power to do sth 具有做某事的能力come to power 上台；执政（表示动作）be in power 执政；掌权（表示状态）beyond ones power 某人力所不能及的powerful adj.强有力的经典佳句Great art has the power to change lives.伟大艺术品的
34、力量可以改变人们的生活。完成句子（1）It is two years since the party _.这个政党执政两年了。came to power（2）It is_ to finish the task in two hours.两个小时完成这项工作超出了我的能力范围。beyond my power（3）I do believe that encouragement is _ it can change a person.我确实相信鼓励的力量是如此强大，以至于它可以改变一个人。so powerful that16 calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静知识拓展calm d
35、own 平静下来calm sb down 使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来calm the nerves 放松精神keep calm 保持镇静calmness n.冷静；镇静；安宁经典佳句Calm yourself down；there is no need to feel upset about it.让你自己平静下来，没有必要为此事心烦。完成句子（1）The excited football fans _.激动的足球迷们最终平静了下来。calmed down at last（2）_ in face of danger.在面临危险时，保持镇静很重要。It is important to kee
36、p calm17 aid n.&vt.帮助；援助；资助（P53）first aid kit急救箱知识拓展give first aid to sb 对某人进行急救with the aid of.在的帮助下come to ones aid 来帮助某人aid sb in （doing）sth 帮助某人（做）某事aid sb with sth 以某事/物帮助某人aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事经典佳句With the aid of our teachers,we learned how to perform first aid.在我们老师的帮助下，我们学会了如何进行急救。.单句填空（1
37、）Id be very grateful if you can aid me _ my English.with（2）Li Hua is so kind a boy that he often aids his mother _（clean）the house.to clean.完成句子（3）The world has seen that sports records can be broken only _.全世界都看到了:只有在科技的帮助下，运动记录才能被打破。with the aid of technology（4）The doctors there taught us _ in dif
38、ferent emergencies.那儿的医生教我们在不同的情况下怎样对病人实施基本的急救。how to give basic first aid to patients18 crash vi.&vt.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞；（飞机的）失事；撞击声知识拓展crash into/onto.撞到里/上with a crash 轰隆一声car crash 车祸；汽车碰撞air crash 飞机失事经典佳句If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship,it could damage the vehicle.即使是最微小的一块垃圾撞到宇
39、宙飞船上，也会造成飞船损坏。完成句子（1）_ yesterday on the mountains near the city.昨天一架飞机在该城市附近的山上坠毁了。A plane crashed（2）A lot of passengers were killed _.许多旅客在火车相撞事故中丧生了。in the train crash19 strike v.撞;碰;打；罢工；突然袭击；突然想到；（时钟）敲响；引起（强烈感情）；划（火柴）n.打击；罢工be struck by/on/with.被打动；迷恋strike sb in/on+the+身体部位 击打某人某处be on strike 在
40、罢工go on strike 举行罢工写出下列句子中strike的意思（1）The stone struck him in the eye._打击；撞击（2）A good idea struck me._突然想起；猛地意识到（3）I was deeply struck by the beauty of Shangri-La._给留下印象（4）The clock struck twelve._（时钟）敲；报时（5）The girl struck a match to light a cigarette._划（火柴）（6）The bus drivers strike stopped all tra
41、ffic._罢工20 deliver vt.递送；生（小孩儿）；接生；发表（演说等）deliver sth to 投递/运送某物给deliver goods 交货deliver a speech 发表演讲；发表讲话It is very considerate of you to deliver milk to our door every morning.你真体贴，每天早上都把牛奶送到我们家门口。完成句子（1）The headmaster _ at the meeting yesterday.在昨天的会议上校长发表了重要讲话。delivered an important speech（2）Please _ my mother.请把这个包裹交给我母亲。deliver this package to（3）He _ to the students.他给学生们作了一个演讲。delivered a lecture
