1、2022-11-151 Unit Four Natural DisastersAssessing your progress单元知识归纳与总结Live to Tell:Raising Awareness,Reducing Mortality.United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reductionn.flood,rescue,damage,shelter,ruin,shock,trap,effort,supply,strike,aid,death,crack,length,context,wisdom,emergency,summ
2、aryv.(vt./vi.)flood,rescue,damage,affect,shelter,ruin,shock,trap,bury,breathe,suffer,supply,surive,strike,aid,deliver,eruptadj.calm,sweepphraseson hand,in ruins,in summary,have an effect on,come to an end,set up,fall down,in shock,in the open air,on hand,sweep awaySentence patternsas if,leave+宾语+宾语补
3、足语,be doing when,make it+形容词/名词+to do/doing/从句,as as.和.一样1.flood n.洪水;大量 vi.淹没，大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没 flood damage 洪涝灾害 flood in/into.大量涌入2.rescue n.救援,营救；救援行动 vt.援救；营救 come/go to sbs rescue营救某人 rescuefrom.从中解救/营救3.damage vt.损坏；破坏 do/cause damage to 对造成损害4.destroy vt.(destroyed,destroyed).摧毁，毁灭；破坏 destruct
4、ion n.摧毁；毁灭；破坏 destructive adj.破坏性的；引起破坏的5.affect v.影响；侵袭；深深打动 affection n.喜爱；钟爱 have an affection for 喜爱.affecting adj.动人的，感人的对比：effect n.作用;影响in effect=in fact have an effect on 对有影响bring/put sth.into effect 实行，使生效come into effect 生效，开始实施6.evacuate vt.(把人从危险的地方)疏散，转移，撤离；撤出，撤空evacuate sb.from.把某人从撤
5、离7.shelter n.庇护处；收容所vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避 under the shelter of 在的庇护/遮蔽/掩蔽下 take shelter from躲避 shelter sb/sth from.保护某人/某物免受 shelter from.躲避8.as usual 照例,照旧,像往常一样 It is usual for sb to do sth 某人做某事是惯例9.as if=as though 仿佛，好像，it seemed as if.看起来好像e to an end 结束；终止 at an end 结束 at the end of 在.末端 in the end 最后
6、；终于11.deadly adj 致命的；极度的，彻底的adv.死一般地，极其，非常 dying adj 垂死的；临终的 be dying for渴望/极想.be dying to do 极想做.12.ruin n.废墟；毁坏，破坏；破产 vt.破坏；毁灭，使破产 lie/be in ruins 严重受损；破坏不堪 fall into ruins 毁灭；衰落 bring to ruin 使毁灭/破产13.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.使震惊，使惊愕 be a shock to sb 对某人来说是一个打击be in a state of shock惊魂未定 be shocked
7、at/by对感到震惊 be shocked to do sth.对做某事感到震惊shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的 it is shocking that 令人震惊的是.14.trap vt(trapped,trapped)使陷入困境；卡住；使陷入全套n.陷阱，圈套；困境 be trapped in 被困在.中 trapped sb into doing sth 诱骗某人做某事 set/lay a trap 设下陷阱；圈套 fall into a trap 掉进陷阱；落入圈套15.bury vt.(buried,buried).埋葬；埋藏；覆盖；遮盖;vt.
8、使陷入 bury ones head/face in ones hands 双手抱头、掩面 be buried in doing sth 专心致志于做某事 bury oneself in doing sth16.breath vt.vi 呼吸，呼出 breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 breathein/out吸入/呼出(气体)breath n.呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气 hold ones breath 屏气take a deep breath 深吸一口气out of breath 喘不过气 17.effort n.气力；努力；费力的事;n.艰难的尝试，试图；尽力 with an ef
9、fort 努力地，费力地 pay effort into.对付出努力 make an effort 做出努力 make every effort to do sth in an effort to do sth 尽力/试图做某事18.suffer vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤)受苦，受难，受折磨;vt.遭受，经历（后常跟抽象名词，如pain,defeat,loss.damage）suffer from.患.疾病；受.之苦（不能用于被动语态）sufferer n.患病者；受难者 suffering n.痛苦；磨难19.supply n.供应量，供给量；补给品；供应;vt.(尤指大量)供应，供给in
10、 short supply 供应不足/短缺 supply sth to sb=supply sb with sth 供应某物给某人20.survive vt.幸存，幸免于难，艰难度过（其宾语通常是war,accident,flood,fire,earthquake,air crash）vi.生存，存活，继续存在;vt.比活的时间长 survive from.从.中保留下来 survive on.依靠生存下来 survive sb by+时间 比某人多活 survival n.幸存，生存，存活；残留物 survivor n.幸存者，生还者21.power n.电力供应，能量;n.某种能力；力量；
11、影响力；政权；权力 a power failure 停电 a power station/plant 发电厂 be in power 执政；掌握权力 come to power 开始掌权 in/within ones power 在某人职权范围内 beyond/out of ones power 某人所不能及22.calm adj.镇静的，沉着的；风平浪静的;vt.使平静，使镇静keep/remain/stay calm 保持镇静 calm.down 使平静下来 calm down 平静，安静23.aid n.帮助；救援物质;v.帮助，援助 first/emergency aid 急救/紧急援
12、助 come to ones aid 来帮助某人 in aid of.为了帮助.with the aid of 在 的帮助下 aid sb in doing sth=aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 aid sb in/with sth 在某事上帮助某人24.crash vt.碰撞，撞击；使猛撞vi.倒闭，失败；惨败 n.撞车；倒闭；破产 crash sth into sth(某物)撞上某物 a car/plane crash 汽车撞车事故/飞机失事23.aid n.帮助；救援物质;v.帮助，援助 first/emergency aid 急救/紧急援助 come to ones
13、 aid 来帮助某人 in aid of.为了帮助.with the aid of 在 的帮助下 aid sb in doing sth=aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 aid sb in/with sth 在某事上帮助某人24.crash vt.碰撞，撞击；使猛撞vi.倒闭，失败；惨败 n.撞车；倒闭；破产 crash sth into sth(某物)撞上某物 a car/plane crash 汽车撞车事故/飞机失事25.sweep vt.(swept,swept)吹走，冲走vi打扫；清除 sweep away 消灭；彻底消除sweep out 打扫干净sweep up
14、清扫；扫除26.wave n.海浪；波浪；风潮，浪潮；挥手;vivt.挥手，招手 A wave of violence/attacks 一波暴力/攻击事件 A wave of panic/relief/sympathy 一阵恐慌/宽慰/同情 wave at/to sb 向某人招手 wave sb.goodbye/wave goodbye to sb 跟某人挥手道别27.strike vi.vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭，突击；击打;n.罢工；罢课；袭击 be struck with/by 被打动 strike into ones heart 使 刻骨铭心 It st
15、rikes/hits sb that(=it occurs to sb that)某人突然想起 be on strike 在罢工（状态）go on strike 举行罢工（动作）end/call off a strike 结束罢工28.deliver vt,vi.递送；传达 vt.发表；接生；助产；分娩 deliver sth to sb 把某物送给某人 deliver a speech/lecture 发表演讲 be delivered of a baby 生产，分娩 delivery n.递送；分娩；演讲方式1.The eruption of this _(火山)would be dest
16、ructive.2.The rising price of fuel is largely a result of an independence between _(供应)and demand.3.They escaped through an _(紧急)exit and called the police.4.If you choose an article in French,please still write your _(概要).5.I tried to persuade him,but with little or no _(效果).6.The president will _(
17、发表)a speech on education.7.My mother often reminds me,“Stay_(镇静)”,and I need that advice frequently.8.Mary _(轻拍)her forehead and looked annoyed with herself.1.volcano2.supply3.emergency4.summary5.effect6.deliver7.calm8.tapped 9.In the Pacific such storms are called cyclones(旋风),while in the Atlantic
18、 are typically called _(飓风).10.The plane _(坠毁)mysteriously near the island.11.They were walking along the shore when a huge _(波浪)appeared out of nowhere,sweeping them out to sea.12.The final _(哨子声)was only seconds away when Richard scored the goal.13.The people in this area are still suffering from
19、the_(影响)of the drought.14.A_(水管)had burst in the kitchen and flooded the floor.15.I couldnt speak French but a kind man came to my _(帮助).9.hurricanes 10.crashed11.wave 12.whistle13.effect 14.pipe 15.aidWord Formationdestroy n._.摧毁；毁灭；破坏affect n._ .喜爱；钟爱 deadly.adj _垂死的，临终的shock.adj _ 感到震惊的；adj._令人震惊
20、的survive n._ 幸存者power adj._ 强大的；强有力的deliver n._递送；分娩destructiondying shocked survival/survivoraffection powerfulshocking delivery1.If cancers are spotted early,there is a high chance of _(survive).2.There is worldwide concern about the_(destroy)of the rainforests.3.I was looking for my handbag,which
21、 _(bury)under a pile of books.4.The stream has frozen up and you can see the fish_(trap)in the ice.5.Thanks to recent research,_(effect)treatments are available.6.We are moved into a cabin with_(electric)but no running water.7.The dam broke down and as a result the land_(flood).8.He felt too _(shock
22、)to move.His world had been turned upside down.9.Dry hair can_(damage)by washing it too frequently.10.Most parts of African countries have suffered from_(dry)in recent years.11.At least one well had some smelly gas _(come)out of it.12.Mike ran out of the fields looking for places_(hide),and fish jum
23、ped out of the water.13.But citys one million people _(be)asleep as usual that night.14.Two _(three)of the people who lived there were dead or injured.survival destruction was buried trapped effective electricity was flooded shocked be damaged drought coming to hide were thirds 15.The number of peop
24、le who were killed or badly injured in the quake _(be)more than 400,000.16.Water,food and electricity were hard _(get).17.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000soilders to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and _(bury)the dead.18.Indian_(office)said as many as 1,900 had been killed alon
25、g the southern coast.19.Another 254 were found _(die)in Thailand and 54 in three other countries.20.In southern Thailand,1,900 people _(hurt)and many more were missing,local officials said.21.We had to leave everything and run to _(safe).22.Thousands of people are still missing,and the number of dea
26、ths is expected to grow even _(high)over the next few days.23.A summary should be around one third the _(long)of the original text.was to get to bury officials dead were hurt safety higher length 1.Strong winds just_most of the dust.（吹散）2.Now I can walk to work _ going by car.（代替，而不是）3.It you dont k
27、now a word,_ it_ in the dictionary.（查阅）4.The city police _ roadblocks to check passing vehicles.（设立）5.In other words,you are treating the workers _ they were machines.（仿佛）6.She looked at her son_,waiting for him to tell her that she had misunderstood everything.（吃惊）7.That afternoon,the squirrel came
28、 to our backyard _（像往常一样）8.The firefighters _the big fire,though the burning building might fall down at any moment.（冲进）9.Earthquakes can leave cities and countries _.(废墟)10.People often hope all good things wont _.（结束）11.We clean the house to _ bad luck.(消除)12.With the aid of our teachers,we learne
29、d how to give _.(急救)13.I placed the chick in the nest,and it quickly _.(安静)14.I am sorry we do not have any of the kind _(现有)blew away instead of look up set up as if in shock as usual rushed into in ruinscome to an end sweep away first aid calm down On hand Several days before July 28th,1976,many s
30、trange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells rose 1._fell.In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.They were 2._(sign)for the earthquake.But people in the city didnt think much 3._these events.At 3:42 a.m.that day,the earth began to smoke,4._destroyed the
31、city.Many people,5._(include)rescue workers and doctors,came to rescue those 6._(trap)under the ruins.7._(late)that afternoon,another big quake struck Tangshan.More people 8._(kill)or injured and 9._(many)buildings fell down.Solders were called in to help the rescue workers.Teams were organized to d
32、ig out 10._trapped and to bury the dead.【答案】1.and 2.signs 3.of 4.which 5.including 6.trapped7.later8.were killed 9.more 10.the 1.I lived next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.2.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends.3.Trading leather
33、shoes is business to _the Greens are devoted.4.Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.5.There are perhaps 40 million competitive table tennis players and many ordinary people_ play less seriously.6.Is this the reason for _he refused our offer?7.This is the
34、 only question _has been answered.8.Mike just introduced the man to_ we will present the documents.9.The driver looked pleasantly at the children parcels _ filled his bus.whose which which that who/that which that whom that1.too.toChicken and even pigs _(太紧张而不能进食),and dogs refused to go inside build
35、ings(P50)2.It seems/seemed as if_(看起来好像)the world_(快要结束)3.过去分词短语作后置定语Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,and cars were swept away by huge waves _ （由强烈地震引起的）that reached a magnitude of 9.0.(P54)4.be doing whenI _ (正和三个孩子吃早饭，这时突然)water started filling my home.(P54)5.make+it+adj+to doHowever,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will _(让运送食物和补给物品变得很难)were too nervous to eatIt seemed as if were coming to an endCaused by the strong earthquakeWas having breakfast with my three children whenMake it difficult to deliver food and supplies
