1、Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading and ThinkingReading and Thinking1Work in pairs.Discuss what would happen to a city during a big earthquake.A city would be damaged;Thousands of buildings were falling apart.People would panic and get severely injured;.2Look at the title and photo below and guess what
2、 the text is about.Then read and check if you are right.The text is about earthquakepersonification(拟人拟人)Whats the main idea of each paragraph?While reading:Read for main idea Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.For several days,the water in the village wells rose
3、and fell,rose and fell.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide,and fish jumped out of the
4、 water.At about 3:00 a.m.,on 28 July1976,bright lights were seen in the sky outside of the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the citys one million people were asleep as usual that night.At 3:42 a.m.,everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!Eleven kilome
5、tres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!A huge crack,eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide,cut across houses,roads and waterw
6、ays.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.Everyw
7、here survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the citys factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes,and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.Most bridge
8、s had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway trackes were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows,hundreds of thousands of pigs,and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock-and then,later that afternoon,another bit quake shook
9、 Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10
10、,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train,truck,and plane.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.Tangshan started to revive it
11、self and get back up on its feet.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people,a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people,with great improvements in transportation,industry,and environment
12、.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster,people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.Read the passage quickly.Find the topic sentence of each paragraph.tips:Strange things were happening in the countryside of
13、northeastern Hebei.For several days,the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran
14、 out of the fields looking for places to hide,and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3:00 a.m.,on 28 July1976,bright lights were seen in the sky outside of the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the citys one million people were asleep as usual that night.At 3:42 a.m.,everything bega
15、n to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!A huge crack,eig
16、ht kilometres long and 30 metres wide,cut across houses,roads and waterways.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people wh
17、o were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the citys factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes,and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the gr
18、ound like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway trackes were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows,hundreds of thousands of pigs,and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.Pe
19、ople were in shock-and then,later that afternoon,another bit quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.para.1:Warning signs before the earthquakespara.2:The _ of the big earthquakepara.
20、3:The immediate _ of the earthquake.happeningeffects But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors who
21、se homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train,truck,and plane.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.With strong support from the government and the tireless eff
22、orts of the citys people,a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people,with great improvements in transportation,industry,and environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster,people
23、 must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.para.4:The _ work.para.5:The _ of the city.rescuerevival Para.1:warning signs before the earthquakesPara.2:the happening of the big earthquake.Para.3:the immediate effects of the earthquake.Para.4:the rescue workPara.
24、5:the revival of the city.Part2:damage during the earthquake Part3:rescue and revival after the earthquakePart1:signs before the earthquakeWhile-reading While reading:Read for main ideaThe text is organized in _ order.timeHow many parts can the passage be divided into?Part 1:the signs before the ear
25、thquake Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.For several days,the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too ner
26、vous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide,and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3:00 a.m.,on 28 July1976,bright lights were seen in the sky outside of the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the citys one million people
27、were asleep as usual that night.While reading:Read for detailsWhat were the strange things that were happening before the earthquake?water well walls.Chickens and even pigsdogsMicefishbright lights loud noiseswarningunawareunpreparedasleepHow did people feel?3:42 am The quake even caused damage more
28、 than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it.A huge crack was 8 kilometres long and thirty metres wide Two thirds of the people in Tangshan died or were injured.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.75%of the citys factories an
29、d buildings and 90%of its homes were gone.Tens of thousands of,hundreds of thousands of,millions of 3:43 amWhat happen in less than one minute?Part 2:The damage during the earthquake At 3:42 am,everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!Eleven kilometres directly below
30、 the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!A huge crack,eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide,cut across houses,roads and waterways.Hard hills of r
31、ock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.Everywhere survivors look
32、ed,there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the citys factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes,and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.Most bridges had fallen or wer
33、e not safe to cross.The railway trackes were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows,hundreds of thousands of pigs,and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock-and then,later that afternoon,another bit quake shook Tangshan again.Eve
34、n more buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.Why did the writer use so many numbers in the text?1.to show the earthquake was very _and it _to people and the city.2.to make the article more _ and _.seriouscaused huge da
35、mageconvincingshockingPart 2:The damage during the earthquake At 3:42 a.m.,everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 15
36、0 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!A huge crack,eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide,cut across houses,roads and waterways.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of the people who lived there we
37、re dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the citys factories and
38、buildings,90 percent of its homes,and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway trackes were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows,hundreds of thousand
39、s of pigs,and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock-and then,later that afternoon,another bit quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster wou
40、ld last.While reading:Read for detailsHow did people feel?in shockin panicin despairPart 3:The rescue and the revival after the earthquake.But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10,000 do
41、ctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train,truck,and plane.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.Tangshan started to revive itself an
42、d get back up on its feet.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people,a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people,with great improvements in transportation,industry,and environment.Tangsh
43、an city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster,people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.hopefulpositivespiritedcome back to life or recover While reading:Read for detailsWho came to the rescue?What did they do?How did p
44、eople feel?signs damage rescue&revival|before during after Finish your mind map.Retell the story according to the mind map (assignment after class).the change ofpeoples feelingsunawareshockedhopelesshopeful While reading:Read for writing style and language features1.Explore the figure of speech（修辞格（
45、修辞格)in the following sentences.personification(拟人拟人)repetition(反复反复)simile(明喻)personification(拟人拟人)metaphor(暗喻暗喻)Function:to make the description _.more vivid and expressive the features of literary journalism（文学新闻）（文学新闻）Post-reading:Discussion What can we learn from the earthquake in Tangshan?(befo
46、re the disaster;when facing the disaster;after.)Disasters are _.Ignorance might be _.Life is _.But if people _,disasters can be _.powerfuldeadlyweakunify defeated1.shock /k/n.震惊；惊愕 in shock 处于极度震惊的状态e.g.The news of my promotion came as a shock.我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。v.使震惊；使惊愕 sb(to do sth)e.g.I was shocked t
47、o hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。shocking adj.令人气愤的；惹人憎恶的 behavior/news 骇人听闻的行为/令人震惊的消息2.breathe /bri/v.呼吸 breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 breathe(easily/freely)again 平静下来；松一口气e.g.The air was so cold we could hardly breathe.空气非常寒冷，我们难以呼吸。breath /bre/n.呼吸的空气 take a deep breath 深吸一口气 out of breath 喘不上气
48、 hold your breath 屏气3.effort /eft/n.努力；艰难的尝试 great/joint 极大的/共同的努力 put effort into 努力做.e.g.You should put more effort into your work.你应该更加努力地工作。make an effort(to do sth)作出努力 in an effort to 企图（努力想）e.g.The company has laid off 150 workers in an effort to save money.公司为节省资金遣散了 150 名工人。4.wisdom /wzdm/n
49、.智慧；才智 words of wisdom 至理名言 a woman of great wisdom 才女 of sth/of doing sth 某事/做某事是明智的e.g.I question the wisdom of giving a child so much money.我对给孩子这么多钱是否明智怀有疑问。wise /waz/adj.充满智慧的；明智的 a decision 明智的决定 wisely adv.聪明地It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!5.as if 是一个连词结构，用来引导从句，意为“好像，似乎，仿佛好像
50、，似乎，仿佛”。从句根据说话人所陈述内容的真实性和可能性，可用陈述语气或虚拟语气，例如：He talks as if he knows everything.他说话的口气好像是知道了一 She was sitting there as if nothing had happened.她坐在哪儿好像什么事都没有发生一样e to an end 结束 come to 还可以与 decision,conclusion,agreement搭配，表示“达成，得到达成，得到”，例如：They finally came to an agreement after long discussion.他们在长时间讨
