1、Unit 1 Teenage LifeDiscovering Useful StructuresDefinitionl In English grammar,a phrase is a group of two or more words functioning as a meaningful unit within a sentence or clause.l A phrase is commonly characterized as a grammatical unit at a level between a word and a clause.l A phrase is made up
2、 of a head(or headword)which determines the grammatical nature of the unitand one or more optional modifiers.Phrases may contain other phrases inside them.What is a phrase?Lead inTypeCommon types of phrasesNoun Phrasea good friend,a lovely baby,.Verb Phrasedrive carefully,talk loudly,.Adjective Phra
3、severy cold and dark,afraid of,.Adverb Phrasequite slowly,as fast as possible,.Prepositional Phrasein first place,in the morning,.1.名词短语名词短语(Noun Phrase)：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。2.形容词短语形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。3.副词短语副词短语(Adverb Phrase)：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。In thi
4、s unit,we will learn the following three types of phrases:短语类型短语类型组成组成功能功能例子例子名词短语名词短语(Noun Phrase)1.冠词+名词2.形容词+名词3.名词+名词4.名词+and+名词5.名词+介词短语6.名词+不定式（短语）7.动词-ing形式+名词在句中作主语主语、宾宾语语、表语表语、宾语补宾语补足语足语、状语状语1.a boy 2.beautiful flowers3.bus stop4.men and women5.a solution to the question6.the meeting to be
5、held tomorrow7.swimming pool 短语类型短语类型组成组成功能功能例子例子形容词形容词短语短语(Adjective Phrase)1.形容词+and/but+形容词2.副词+形容词3.形容词+介词4.形容词+不定式在句中作表语表语、定语定语、宾语补宾语补足语足语或状语状语1.large and beautiful 2.extremely cold 3.full of,different from4.anxious to know*多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序：限定词（冠词、数词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格）+数量形容词（序数词、基数词）+一般性描绘形容词+
6、大小、长短、高低、形状+新旧、老幼、温度+颜色+国籍、出处+材料+用途、类别+被修饰名词短语类型短语类型组成组成功能功能例子例子副词短语副词短语(Adverb Phrase)1.副词+and/but+副词2.副词+副词3.very/quite/a lot/a little+副词4.副词+enough在句中可修饰动词、形容词、副词和介词等，表示时间、地点、方式等，用作表表语语、定语定语、宾语宾语补足语补足语1.again and again2.extremely fast3.quite well4.clearly enough1.The first week was a little confu
7、sing.2.The building is so big that Im completely lost.3.The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.NPAdjP1 Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories on Page 16.Then state their functions.NPAdjPAdjP NP NPE x e r c i s e4.Linda thinks and speaks quite qui
8、ckly,and she can do well in the debate.5.The new coach told me that I didnt play well enough.6.My first French class was very confusing.The teacher spoke so fast!AdvPNPAdvPAdjPAdvPNPNPNP2 Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets.1.How soon do you think youll finish your homework?(pretty so
9、on)2.What do you think of your new teachers?(very nice and patient)3.How many clubs have you joined this year?(two clubs)4.How well does Rita play the violin?We need a new violinist in our music club.(quite well)5.What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course?(too difficult but very
10、 interesting)My new teachers are very nice and patient.I will finish my homework pretty soon.I have joined two clubs this year.Rita plays the violin quite well.My adviser said that the advanced literature course was too difficult but very interesting.3 Joyce has just written a draft.Help her improve
11、 it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.Cheerleader Try-outsIve always wanted to be a cheerleader.Yesterday,I tried out for the team.It was hard.First,we had to dance.The teacher showed us how to move,and then we tried.Second,we practised singing a song about the school ba
12、sketball team.Finally,some girls had to lift their partners.The other girls jumped and cheered.I think I did well,but the other girls were better.Im not sure if Ill make the team or not.Ive always wanted to be a high school cheerleader.Yesterday,I tried out for my schools cheerleading team.It was re
13、ally hard.First,we had to dance up and down around the basketball court for 20 minutes.The teacher showed us how to move,and then we tried very hard.Second,we practised singing a short fight song about the school basketball team.Finally,some of the stronger girls had to lift their partners.The other
14、 girls jumped very high and cheered so loudly.I think I did quite well in the try-out,but many of the other girls were even better.Im not so sure whether Ill make the cheerleading team this year or not.Suggested answer:Words and Expressions The kids over there are putting something on a round paper
15、plate.(P16)那边的孩子们正在把一些东西放在一个圆形的纸盘上。plate /plet/n.盘子；盘子；碟子碟子 Dont just leave your dirty plates in the sink!别把脏盘子往洗碗槽里一放就不管了！She laid down her knife and fork and pushed her plate away.她放下刀叉，推开盘子。Every day without variation my grandfather ate a plate of cold ham.我的祖父每天都会吃一盘冷火腿，雷打不动。Linda thinks and spe
16、aks quite quickly,and she can do well in the debate.(P16)琳达思考和说话都很快，她能在辩论中表现很好。do well in 擅长；在擅长；在方面做得好方面做得好=be good at I know its not always easy to do well in school.我知道要做到学业优秀并非易事。I also hope that you do well in your study and life.也希望你在学习和生活中一切都好。Some of us are good at skating.我们中有些人擅长滑冰。Yesterd
17、ay,I tried out for the team.(P16)昨天，我参加了球队的选拔。try out for 参加选拔；争取成为（团队的一员等）参加选拔；争取成为（团队的一员等）try out 试用；实验；检验 try on 试穿，试戴 These teams are going to try out for the Olympic Games.这些队伍要参加奥林匹克运动会的选拔赛。Im trying out the new computer.我在试用这台新电脑。Id like to try on that blue coat.我想试穿那件蓝色的外套。Im not sure if Ill
18、 make the team or not.(P16)我不确定我是否能入选球队。make the team 被选进球队；加入球队被选进球队；加入球队make it 准时到达，赶上；获得成功 Which sport does Ben try out for and eventually make the team?Ben参与了哪项体育项目并最终加入了团队？If we run,we should make it.如果我们跑的话，应该来得及。Lisa finally made it as a rock star.Lisa最终成了一位摇滚明星。【即学即练：完成句子】p 我不知道我是否有资格加入这个队。
19、I dont know if Im good enough to _.p 五十多个男孩来竞争参加足球队。Over fifty boys came to _ the football team.p 你能考好期末考试的。You can _ your final examination.p 他得以试用了所有的新软件。He got to _ all the new software.p 能把你的新眼镜借我戴戴吗？Could I _ your new glasses?p 他说他明天准时来，但他绝对做不到。He says hell come on time,but hell never _.do well inmake the teamtry out fortry outtry onmake itWork in pairs and try to find out the noun phrases,adjective phrases and adverb phrases in the text on Page 14.
