1、特殊句式句式精析句式精析篇篇内 容 索 引 高频考点突破高频考点突破 分层综合演练分层综合演练高考考什么高考考什么特殊句式近五年仅仅考查过祈使句。但特殊句式为构建复杂句式、分析特殊句式近五年仅仅考查过祈使句。但特殊句式为构建复杂句式、分析长句提供了坚实保障。备考把握以下内容：长句提供了坚实保障。备考把握以下内容：1.特殊句式包括：特殊句式包括：强调句强调句倒装句倒装句省略句省略句祈使句祈使句感叹感叹句句附加疑问句附加疑问句2.高考考查热点：高考考查热点：强调句中的强调句中的it和和that特殊句式中的特殊句式中的there be一些常用的固定表达结构一些常用的固定表达结构语法脉图一、完全倒装一
2、、完全倒装完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。一般现在时或一般过去时。高频考点突破倒装句考点1用法用法例句例句1.There be/live/lie/stand/remain/exist/come/go/seem/appear to be/happen to be/used to be表示表示“存在存在”意义意义There lived a strange little man.那里住着一个奇怪而身材矮小的人。那里住着一个奇怪而身材矮小的人。Once there lived an
3、old fisherman by the sea.从前，海边住着一位老渔夫。从前，海边住着一位老渔夫。2.以以 here，there，off，out，in，up，down，away，now，then等开头，谓语是等开头，谓语是come，go，be等动词，且其主语为名等动词，且其主语为名词时，通常使用完全倒装词时，通常使用完全倒装Here goes the story.这个这个故事是这样的。故事是这样的。Away flew the bird.那那只鸟飞走了。只鸟飞走了。Then came another question.然后然后又一个问题又一个问题被提出来了。被提出来了。用法用法例句例句3.表
4、示地点的介词短语，放在表示地点的介词短语，放在句首，构成完全倒装。此时句首，构成完全倒装。此时谓语动词通常是不及物动词，谓语动词通常是不及物动词，且主语为名词且主语为名词In the cottage lives a family of six.在这间小屋在这间小屋里住着一家六口。里住着一家六口。On either side of the great avenue stood many buildings.这条大街的两侧都耸立着许多大楼。这条大街的两侧都耸立着许多大楼。用法用法例句例句4.表语表语(形容词、分词、不形容词、分词、不定式、介词短语、副词等定式、介词短语、副词等)置于句首，一般是主语
5、较置于句首，一般是主语较长或结构为较复杂的句子长或结构为较复杂的句子Gone are the days when he was looked down upon.他被人瞧不起的日子已经一去不复返了。他被人瞧不起的日子已经一去不复返了。Standing around the teacher were her students.老师周围站着的都是她的学生。老师周围站着的都是她的学生。5.such位于句首位于句首Such were his last words.他最后的话就是这些。他最后的话就是这些。二、部分倒装二、部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，置于主语之前。如部分倒装是指
6、将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语部分不含有助动词或情态动词时，则需添加助动词果句中的谓语部分不含有助动词或情态动词时，则需添加助动词do，does或或did，并将其置于主语之前。，并将其置于主语之前。条件条件例句例句1.sobe动词动词/助动词助动词/情态动词主语：情态动词主语：表示表示“与前面所述的肯定情况相同与前面所述的肯定情况相同”He used to have his further study abroad，so did I.他曾去国外深造过，我也去过。他曾去国外深造过，我也去过。条件条件例句例句2.neither/norbe动词动词/助动词助动词/情
7、态情态动词主语：表示动词主语：表示“与前面所述的与前面所述的否定情况相同否定情况相同”One of my friends cannot speak foreign languages，neither/nor can his wife.我的一个朋友不会说外语，他的妻子也我的一个朋友不会说外语，他的妻子也不会。不会。条件条件例句例句3.否定副词或短语置于句首时否定副词或短语置于句首时(否定词修饰主语除外否定词修饰主语除外)，句子，句子通常采用部分倒装。常见的通常采用部分倒装。常见的有：有：not，never，seldom，hardly，little，nowhere，rarely，scarcely，
8、by no means，in no way，at no time，not until.，no sooner.(than)，hardly.(when)，not only.(but also)Never have my sisters been to Hong Kong before.我我的妹妹们以前从未去过香港。的妹妹们以前从未去过香港。Not until twelve oclock did he go to bed last night.他他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。Not only was the city polluted，but(also)the streets w
9、ere crowded.不仅城市被污染，而且街道也很拥挤。不仅城市被污染，而且街道也很拥挤。Hardly had he finished his speech when the audience started cheering.他刚演讲完，观众便欢呼起来。他刚演讲完，观众便欢呼起来。条件条件例句例句4.表语、谓语动词、状语的倒装：表语、谓语动词、状语的倒装：as，though引导的让步状语从句，引导的让步状语从句，其中表语、状语、动词等放在其中表语、状语、动词等放在as或或though之前之前Successful as he is，he is not proud.尽管他取得了成功，但他并不骄
10、傲。尽管他取得了成功，但他并不骄傲。Try as I might，I could not lift the stone.尽管我用尽力气，我还是举不起这块石头。尽管我用尽力气，我还是举不起这块石头。5.so/such.that.句型中，句型中，so/such部分放在句首，该部分须采用部部分放在句首，该部分须采用部分倒装分倒装So serious was the situation that everybody faced a test.形势如此地严峻，每个人都面临着一场考验。形势如此地严峻，每个人都面临着一场考验。Such a fine day is it that wed like to pl
11、ay outside.这么这么好的天气，我们一起去外面玩吧。好的天气，我们一起去外面玩吧。条件条件例句例句6.句子以句子以were，had，should开头，省略开头，省略if的的虚拟条件句虚拟条件句Were I you，I would go with them.我要是你的话，我就跟他们一起去。我要是你的话，我就跟他们一起去。Should he come，say“Nobody in”to him.万一他来了，对他说：万一他来了，对他说：“公司没人。公司没人。”7.only与副词、介词短与副词、介词短语及状语从句连用放语及状语从句连用放在句首时在句首时Only after being asked
12、 three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三次之后，他才来参加会议。叫了三次之后，他才来参加会议。Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.只有当病得很重时，他才卧床休息。只有当病得很重时，他才卧床休息。She didnt have supper until her mother returned.Not until her mother returned _.I hardly think it possible to finish the job before dark.Hardly
13、 _.He learned the sad news only after the war.Only after the war _.He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood.So clearly _.即时训练1将下列句子变为倒装句did she have supperdo I think it possible to finish the job before darkdid he learn the sad newsdoes he speak English that he can alw
14、ays make himself understood强调句型的基本结构强调句型的基本结构强调句考点2分类分类用法用法例句例句陈陈述述句句It is/was被强被强调部分调部分that/who其他其他成分。成分。(强调成分：强调成分：主语、宾语、状主语、宾语、状语。被强调部分语。被强调部分指人，用指人，用who或或that皆可；指物，皆可；指物，只用只用that。)It is my mother who/that does the cooking every day.每天都是我妈妈做饭。每天都是我妈妈做饭。(强调主语强调主语)It was the beautiful lady that/who
15、 I met in the hotel yesterday.我昨天在旅馆里遇到的正是这位漂亮女士。我昨天在旅馆里遇到的正是这位漂亮女士。(强调宾语强调宾语)It was in Beijing that we visited the Birds Nest and Water Cube.正是在北京我们参观了鸟巢和水立方。正是在北京我们参观了鸟巢和水立方。(强调地点状语强调地点状语)分类分类用法用法例句例句一般疑一般疑问句问句Is/Was it被强调部被强调部分分that/who其他其他成分？成分？Is it in 2012 that the 30th Olympic Games held in L
16、ondon?是在是在2012年第年第30届奥运会在伦敦举行的吗？届奥运会在伦敦举行的吗？特殊疑特殊疑问句问句特殊疑问词特殊疑问词is/was itthat其他成分？其他成分？How was it that your brother succeeded in finishing the difficult task?你哥哥是怎样成功完成了那个困难的任务你哥哥是怎样成功完成了那个困难的任务的？的？分类分类用法用法例句例句not.until.It is/was not until.that其他成分。其他成分。It was not until I got off the bus that I real
17、ized it.直到下车后我才意识到它。直到下车后我才意识到它。强调谓强调谓语动词语动词将助动词将助动词do，does或或did放放在动词原形之前在动词原形之前She does like English.她的确喜欢英语。她的确喜欢英语。Do be careful while crossing the street.过马路时一定要当心。过马路时一定要当心。It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.(天津卷单选改编天津卷单选改编)It was only when the car pul
18、led up in front of our house _we saw Lily in the passenger seat.(2018天津卷单选改编天津卷单选改编)_the noise of the street stopped.直到午夜，街上的嘈杂声才停止直到午夜，街上的嘈杂声才停止。即时训练2单句语法填空/补全句子thatthatIt was not until midnight that_ that you met your teacher in the street?你是昨天在大街上碰到你老师的吗？你是昨天在大街上碰到你老师的吗？He _，but you were out.他上周日
19、的确来看过你，但是你出去了。他上周日的确来看过你，但是你出去了。Was it yesterdaydid come to see you last Sunday一、状语从句的省略一、状语从句的省略省略句考点3用法用法例句例句1.表示条件、时间、地点、方式或让表示条件、时间、地点、方式或让步等的状语从句的谓语含有步等的状语从句的谓语含有be动词，动词，且从句的主语又和主句中的主语一且从句的主语又和主句中的主语一致，或者主语是致，或者主语是it时，常把从句中的时，常把从句中的主语连同主语连同be动词一起省略。动词一起省略。If(it is)necessary，Ill go with you.如果有必
20、要的话，我和你一起去。如果有必要的话，我和你一起去。Be careful when(you are)crossing the street.过马路时要当心。过马路时要当心。用法用法例句例句2.用用so或或not代替上文内代替上文内容，此时可用容，此时可用“ifso/not”省略句式省略句式Get up early tomorrow.If not(If you dont get up early),you will miss the first bus.明天要早起。如果不，你就赶不上首班公共汽车。明天要早起。如果不，你就赶不上首班公共汽车。二、动词不定式的省略二、动词不定式的省略用法用法例句例句
21、1.在动词不定式在动词不定式结构中，为了避结构中，为了避免重复，常常省免重复，常常省略不定式结构中略不定式结构中的动词原形，只的动词原形，只保留保留to。否定式。否定式的省略用的省略用not to。Would you like to go with us?你愿意和我们一起去吗？你愿意和我们一起去吗？Im glad to，but Im too busy.我很乐意去，但是我太忙了。我很乐意去，但是我太忙了。The boy wanted to smoke but was told by the teacher not to.那个男孩想抽烟，但是老师不让那样做。那个男孩想抽烟，但是老师不让那样做。用法
22、用法例句例句2.感官动词和使役动词后面作感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式要省略宾补的不定式要省略to；但被；但被动语态中的动语态中的to不可省略。不可省略。I saw him enter the classroom just now.He was seen to enter the classroom just now.我刚才看见他走进了教室。我刚才看见他走进了教室。3.介词介词but，except前有实义动前有实义动词词do的具体形式时，后面的不的具体形式时，后面的不定式不带定式不带to。All he could do was nothing but wait and see.他所能做的
23、只有等着瞧。他所能做的只有等着瞧。If true，this will cause us a lot of trouble._The medicine is quite effective if taken in time._While standing there，he heard a cry for help._即时训练3将下列省略句补充完整If it is true，this will cause us a lot of trouble.The medicine is quite effective if it is taken in time.While he was standing
24、there,he heard a cry for help.一、祈使句一、祈使句祈使句、附加疑问句和感叹句考点4 形式形式例句例句肯定式肯定式动词原形动词原形(其他成分其他成分)Go away!滚开！滚开！Let宾语动词原形宾语动词原形Let me help you.让我帮助你。让我帮助你。Be过去分词过去分词Be seated，please！请坐。！请坐。形式形式例句例句否否定定式式在肯定式之前加在肯定式之前加dont或或do notPlease dont forget to take your medicine.请别忘了吃药。请别忘了吃药。Dont be so anxious!别别那么紧张
25、！那么紧张！Let宾语宾语not动词原形动词原形Let her not stand up.让她别站着。让她别站着。强强调调式式Do动词原形动词原形Do give my regards to your parents.务必务必/一定代我向你父母问好。一定代我向你父母问好。Never动词动词原形原形 Never come late.绝不绝不要迟到。要迟到。No(动动)名词名词 No parking!禁止停车！禁止停车！形式形式例句例句表表示示假假设设(1)祈使句祈使句and陈述陈述句名词短语句名词短语and陈述句陈述句if条件状语从条件状语从句主句句主句(2)祈使句祈使句or陈述陈述句句if.no
26、t.主句主句Have a little patience and well look into it soon.If you have a little patience，well look into it soon.耐心点，我们很快就会调查此事的。耐心点，我们很快就会调查此事的。Work harder，or youll fail.If you dont work harder，youll fail.工作努力点，要不然你就会失败。工作努力点，要不然你就会失败。It could be anythinggardening，cooking，music，sportsbut whatever it is
27、，_(make)sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.(全国卷全国卷语法填空语法填空)Will you please read it again more slowly?(改为祈使句改为祈使句)_ again more slowly，please.If you dont listen to me，Ill go.(改为同义句改为同义句)_，or Ill go.即时训练4单句语法填空/同义句转换makeRead itListen to me二、附加疑问句二、附加疑问句附加疑问句由附加
28、疑问句由“陈述句反意问句陈述句反意问句”构成，基本原则是构成，基本原则是“前否后肯，前肯后否前否后肯，前肯后否”。用法用法例句例句1.陈述部分是肯定意义时的陈述部分是肯定意义时的附加疑问句：疑问部分用否附加疑问句：疑问部分用否定形式。定形式。You like traveling，dont you？你喜欢旅游，是？你喜欢旅游，是吗？吗？This is very important，isnt it？这非常重要，？这非常重要，是吗？是吗？用法用法例句例句2.陈述部分含有否定词的附加陈述部分含有否定词的附加疑问句：陈述部分有疑问句：陈述部分有seldom，hardly，never，little，few
29、，nothing，nobody等时，疑问部等时，疑问部分用肯定形式。分用肯定形式。You wouldnt like to take these pills，would you?你不想吃这些药，是吗？你不想吃这些药，是吗？His father cant name the plant，can he?他父亲叫不出这种植物的名字，是吗？他父亲叫不出这种植物的名字，是吗？用法用法例句例句3.陈述部分含有宾语从句的附加疑陈述部分含有宾语从句的附加疑问句：主句谓语是问句：主句谓语是think，believe，expect等词，且主语是第一人称等词，且主语是第一人称I或或we时，附加疑问部分的人称、时，附加疑
30、问部分的人称、时态与宾语从句保持一致，同时时态与宾语从句保持一致，同时还要考虑到否定前移。还要考虑到否定前移。I dont suppose he cares，does he?我想他不在意，是吗？我想他不在意，是吗？I dont think he will come on time，will he?我认为他不会按时来，对吗？我认为他不会按时来，对吗？用法用法例句例句4.must表推测，作表推测，作“一定，准是一定，准是”讲，反意问句部分根据讲，反意问句部分根据must后后的谓语动词形式及含义采用动的谓语动词形式及含义采用动词形式。词形式。You must be tired，arent you?你
31、一定很累，是吗？你一定很累，是吗？He must have done it last night，didnt he?他一定是昨天晚上做的，是吗？他一定是昨天晚上做的，是吗？用法用法例句例句5.附加疑问句的回答：根据答附加疑问句的回答：根据答语内容来确定用语内容来确定用yes还是还是no。如果发生了，用肯定，否则用如果发生了，用肯定，否则用否定回答。当陈述部分是否定否定回答。当陈述部分是否定结构，附加问句用肯定形式时，结构，附加问句用肯定形式时，回答的回答的yes要译成要译成“不不”，no要要译成译成“是的是的”。He likes playing football，doesnt he?他喜欢踢足
32、球，不是吗？他喜欢踢足球，不是吗？Yes，he does.是，他喜欢。是，他喜欢。No，he doesnt.不不，他不喜欢。，他不喜欢。You havent seen the film，have you?你没有看过这部电影，是吗？你没有看过这部电影，是吗？Yes，I have.不，我看过。不，我看过。No，I havent.是是的，我没有看过。的，我没有看过。He isnt old，_?他不老，是吗？他不老，是吗？The man went away，_?那个男人走开了，不是吗？那个男人走开了，不是吗？Lets go home，_?回家吧，好吗？回家吧，好吗？We dont believe th
33、at the news is true，_？我们认为消息不是真实的，对吗？我们认为消息不是真实的，对吗？即时训练5补全句子is hedidnt heshall weis it 形式形式例句例句WhatWhata/an形容词可数名词单形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！数主语谓语！What a clever boy he is!How clever a boy he is!How clever the boy is!多聪明的男孩子啊！多聪明的男孩子啊！What beautiful flowers they are!多美的花啊！多美的花啊！How wonderful(it is)!真棒！真棒！How ti
34、me flies!时间时间过得真快啊！过得真快啊！What形容词可数名词复数形容词可数名词复数/不不可数名词主语谓语！可数名词主语谓语！HowHow形容词形容词a/an单数可数名单数可数名词主语谓语！词主语谓语！How形容词形容词/副词副词(主语谓语主语谓语)！How主语谓语！主语谓语！三、感叹句三、感叹句_ nice!_ an honest boy Tom is!_ bad the weather in England is!_ exciting news youve brought us!即时训练6选择填空：what，howHowWhatHowWhat.单句语法填空单句语法填空1._ a
35、strange plant!Ive never seen it before.2.Jane wont join us for dinner.Neither _ Tom.3.Interesting _ it may seem，I dont like it.4.If you have a job，_ devote yourself to it and finally youll succeed.分层综合演练Whatwillas/thoughdo5.John opened the door.There _(stand)a girl he had never seen before.6.Was it
36、on a lonely island _ he was saved one month after the boat went down?7.Please do me a favor_(invite)my friend Mr.Smith to Youth Theater at 7：30 tonight.8.He must be helping the old man to water the flowers，_ he?stoodthatinviteisnt9.It is this process _ allows us to keep memories of past events and f
37、acts.(2021江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考)10.If you want to be part of this special day，_(join)the community as soon as possible.(2021河南省濮阳市高三质量检测河南省濮阳市高三质量检测)thatjoin.同义句转换同义句转换1.If you use your head，youll find a way out.(改为改为“祈使句祈使句and陈述句陈述句”)_2.Many buildings stood on either side of the great
38、avenue.(改为全部倒装改为全部倒装)_3.So far as I know，Mary seldom comes back to see her mother.(改为部分倒装改为部分倒装)_Use your head and youll find a way out.On either side of the great avenue stood many buildings.So far as I know,seldom does Mary come back to see her mother.4.He didnt go to bed until ten oclock.(就就until
39、部分进行强调部分进行强调)_5.Shortest as he is，he is the cleverest of the three.(改为正常语序改为正常语序)_6.Be careful when you are crossing the street.(改为状语从句的省略改为状语从句的省略)_It was not until ten oclock that he went to bed.Although/Though he is the shortest,he is the cleverest of the three.Be careful when crossing the street
40、.语法填空语法填空Dear Zhang Yang，1._ time flies!It has been half a year since you left your hometown.It is natural for you not to get used to the life there.Here 2._(be)some suggestions for you.HowareFirst of all，you should respect the local customs and try to involve yourself in the natives lives.Just 3._
41、the saying goes，“When in Rome，do as the Romans do.”Secondly，4._(be)afraid to communicate with American students and make friends with them.It is friendship 5._ will bring you happiness and relaxation.Whats more，6._ not join in more outdoor activities?7._ in this way can you relax and have fun.Finall
42、y，mind your own manners when 8._(get)along with your friends.asdont bethatwhyOnlygettingI do 9._(hope)my suggestions will help.10._(may)you adapt to your new life and enjoy your stay there!Yours sincerely，Li HuahopeMay.写作运用写作运用根据汉语提示补全短文，并注意本部分语法的使用根据汉语提示补全短文，并注意本部分语法的使用Have a healthy lifestyleAs we
43、 all know，health is very important.1._(只有当我们健康的时候只有当我们健康的时候，我们，我们才能学习才能学习好和享受生活好和享受生活).Only when we are healthycan we study well and enjoy lifeHowever，many teenagers dont pay any attention to their health，especially during the holiday.And 2._(他们花了太多的时间看电视，玩他们花了太多的时间看电视，玩游戏，网上聊天游戏，网上聊天)，which is bad
44、for their health.Firstly，this may make them get near-sighted.Secondly，3._(他们很少走动他们很少走动)，so their bodies become much weaker.Thirdly，they will lose the chance to communicate with others face to face，4._(这可能会对他们的心理健康产生不良影响这可能会对他们的心理健康产生不良影响).they spend too much time watching TV,playing games and chatting on the Internetseldom do they move aboutwhich may have a bad effect ontheir mental healthIn my opinion，they should spend less time in front of the TV or the computer.5._(出去锻炼一下出去锻炼一下)，play some sports and visit some friends.Go out to take some exerciseCHUANGXINSHEJI Thanks!
