1、Section CDiscovering Useful Structures&Listening and Talking.知识体系图解 重点词汇1.n.收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电2.vt.宣布;通知;声称3.n.金额;数量4.n.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近5.vt.保证;确保;担保6.adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的7.n.蜂蜜8.n.位置;姿态;职位9.n.点心;小吃10.adj.热切的;渴望的chargeannounceamountapproachensuregeneroushoneypositionsnackeager11.galleryn.12.la
2、ndscapen.13.buttern.vt.14.ancestorn.15.courtyardn.(艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊(陆上,尤指乡村的)风景黄油;奶油涂黄油于祖宗;祖先庭院;院子重点短语1.beknownas2.thenumberof 3.theamountof 4.attheentranceto5.fixoneseyeson6.attendto7.beeagertodo 8.beattractedby重点语法 过去分词作定语和宾语补足语作为而著名的数量的数量在入口注视照料渴望做被吸引.选词填空 gallery,approach,announce,ensure,charge1.The
3、resapostageandpackingfeeinadditiontotherepair.2.Itwasthatnewspeedrestrictionswouldbeintroduced.3.Aisaplacethathaspermanentexhibitionsofworksofartinit.4.Asyouthetown,youllseethecollegeontheleft.5.Inordertosuccesswemusthaveacompleteandthoroughplan.chargeannouncedgalleryapproachensure.用过去分词作定语完成句子1.Jim
4、hasretired,buthestillremembersthehappytime(和学生们一起度过的).2.Toreturntothatproblem,Idlikeyoutolookatastudy(在法国做的).3.Thebridge(最近建成的)wasdesignedbyalocalcompany.4.Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproducts(开发)aftergreateffort.5.Nearlyallthepeople(参加面试的)believeconfidenceisthekeytosuccess.spentwithhisstudent
5、sconductedinFrancebuiltrecentlydevelopedinterviewed重点词汇1.JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场,我们可以在那里给车充电。【词汇精讲】句中的charge是及物动词,意为“充电”,charge作动词还可表示“收费;控告”,作名词可表示“收费;指控;主管”。Injustminutesaday,pluginandchargeyourph
6、onequickly.每天仅用几分钟时间,插上电源,给你的手机快速充电。Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.我想知道你们收取多少服务费。Themanarrestedbythepolicewaschargedwithstealing.被警察逮捕的男子被指控盗窃。【词汇拓展】Wecandelivergoodstoyourdoorfreeofcharge.我们可以免费送货上门。Aweeklater,IvolunteeredtotakechargeofEnglishstudyinmyclass.一个星期以后,我自愿负责班里的英语学习。【温馨提示】charge表
7、示“控告”时,要用chargesbwithsth,而accuse表达相同意义时,则应用accusesbofsth。2.wehearditannouncedthattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.我们听到宣布没有音频指南了。【词汇精讲】announce是及物动词,意为“宣布;通知;声称”。Wearepleasedtoannouncethatallfivecandidatesweresuccessful.我们高兴地宣布,五位候选人全都当选了。Theyannouncedthattheflightwouldbedelayed.广播通知该航班将延误。Sheannouncedthat
8、shedgivenupsmoking.她宣称她已戒烟。【词汇拓展】Ithasbeenannouncedthatrailwayfarewillberaisedby10percentonandafterMarch1st.已宣布铁路运费从三月一日起会提高10%。Iwastotallyunpreparedfortheannouncementthenextday.我对第二天的通告完全没有准备。3.WefoundourselvesverysurprisedbythelargenumberofvisitorsandtheamountofnoiseattheentranceoftheNationalGalle
9、ry.我们对国家美术馆入口处的大量游客和喧闹声感到非常惊讶。【词汇精讲】amount是名词,意为“金额;数量”。Theinsurancecompanywillreturnanyamountduetoyou.保险公司将退还你应得的所有款项。Heneedsthatamountofmoneytosurvive.他需要那一笔钱以生存下去。【词汇拓展】Althoughthejobtakesasignificantamountoftime,moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.虽然这份工作要花大量的时间,但大多数学生都同意这次经历是值得的。Lotsofst
10、udentsinourclassspendalargeamountoftimedoinghomework.我们班很多同学花费大量时间来做家庭作业。【温馨提示】“ahugeamountof+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;“hugeamountsof+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Ahugeamountofmoneywasspentonthenewbridgelastyear.=Hugeamountsofmoneywerespentonthenewbridgelastyear.去年建这座新桥花了很多钱。4.Itwashardtoapproachthepaintingasth
11、ereweresomanypeoplearound.周围人太多,很难接近那幅画。【词汇精讲】approach作及物动词,意为“接近;接洽;着手处理”,作不及物动词,意为“临近”,作名词,意为“方法;途径;接近”。Nowwereleavingthebusinessdistrictandapproachingtheharbour.现在我们正离开商业区接近码头。Asthetimeforgraduationisapproaching,wearebusywithourpapers.随着毕业的临近,我们都忙着写论文。【词汇拓展】Letstakeanewapproachtotheproblem.让我们用一个
12、新方法来处理这个问题吧。【温馨提示】approach作名词,后面常跟介词to表示“的方法”,而way,method,means表示“方法”时后常跟介词of。5.Shehadacopyofthepaintingboxedtoensurethatitwasdeliveredsafely.她把画的复制品装箱,确保递送安全。【词汇精讲】ensure是及物动词,意为“保证;确保;担保”,后接名词、代词或从句作宾语。Pleaseensure(that)alllightsareswitchedoff.请务必将所有灯都关掉。Inordertoensuresuccesswemusthaveacompletean
13、dthoroughplan.为了保证成功,我们必须要有一个完整周密的计划。6.Iwaseagertoseethat.我急切地想看到【词汇精讲】eager是形容词,意为“热切的;渴望的”,可作定语或表语。Shelookedatthecrowdofeagerfacesaroundher,excited.她看着周围渴望的面孔,非常兴奋。Youngpeoplearemosteagertolearn.青年人最渴望学习。【词汇拓展】Youngpeopleareeagerforknowledge.年轻人渴望得到知识。Sheislookingforwardmoreandmoreeagerlytohersons
14、holidayathome.她眼巴巴地盼着儿子休假回家。重点语法过去分词作定语和宾语补足语一、过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,它既保留了动词的某些特征,又具有形容词和副词的特征。1.过去分词作定语时的位置单个过去分词作定语一般置于被修饰的词语之前,过去分词短语作定语时一般置于被修饰的词语之后。Tohertheoutsideworldwasatotallyunknownquantity.对她来说,外部世界完全是个未知数。Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvitedtoyourpartylastnight?昨晚被邀请参加你的聚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀?Things
15、boughtthroughcomputersaremuchcheaper.通过电脑购买的物品要便宜得多。2.过去分词作定语时的功能过去分词作定语时,其功能相当于一个定语从句,因此可以改为相应的定语从句。Theinjuredworkersarenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.=Theworkerswhowereinjuredarenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。Pollutedairandwaterareharmfultopeopleshealth.=Airandwaterwh
16、ichhavebeenpollutedareharmfultopeopleshealth.被污染的空气和水对人们的健康有害。3.过去分词作定语时的意义一般来说,及物动词的过去分词作定语,表示一个被动的、已完成的动作;不及物动词的过去分词作定语不含有被动意义,只表示该动作已完成。Thedamagedcarisbeingrepairedinthegarage.被损坏的车正在修理厂维修。Thisisabookwrittenbythefamousfilmstar.这是那个著名的电影明星写的书。Whenthereisawind,thefallenleavesaresweptupintothesky.有风
17、时,落叶被刮到天空中。Tomsgrandfatherisaretiredengineer.汤姆的爷爷是位退休工程师。二、过去分词作宾语补足语1.特征及含义(1)及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有逻辑上的被动关系,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundthegroundcoveredwithsnow.当我打开门时,我发现地面被雪覆盖着。Backfromhistwo-yearmedicalserviceinAfrica,DrLeewasveryhappytoseehismothertakengoodcareofathome.李博士在非洲
18、进行了两年的医疗服务,回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好他很高兴。(2)不及物动词用作宾语补足语时,与宾语没有逻辑上的动宾关系,只表示动作的完成或状态。Theyfoundalltheguestsgonewhentheywokeup.当他们醒来时,发现所有的客人都走了。WhenIcamein,Isawastrangegirlseatedinthecorner.我进来时看到一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。2.使用过去分词作宾补的几种情况(1)在感官动词watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find,observe等后。Hefoundhishometowngreatly
19、changed.他发现他的家乡变化很大。MrBrownsawthewallspaintedwhitewhenhecameback.布朗先生回来后发现墙被刷成了白色。(2)在表示“致使”的动词如get,keep,leave,have,make等后。WemusttryourbesttogettheworkfinishedbeforeFriday.我们必须尽力在周五前完成工作。Pleasekeepmeinformedifanythinghappens.如果发生任何事情请通知我。Thespeakerraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimselfheard.为了让自己被听到,演讲者
20、提高了声音。(3)在表示爱憎、意愿的动词如want,wish,like,hate等后。Wouldyoulikeitwrappedinbrownpaper,sir,orinwhite?先生,你喜欢把它用棕色的还是白色的纸包上?Idlikethehousedecoratedwithcolouredlights.我想让房子装饰上彩灯。(4)用在with结构中,该结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。Withtheproblemsettled,themanagerwenthomehappily.事情得到解决,经理高高兴兴地回家了。Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyes
21、fixedonhisface.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他的脸。3.使役动词have,get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点:Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcarwashed.在开车进城之前,你需要洗洗车。Donthavethelightsburningallthetime.不要让灯一直亮着。Itiswrongofyoutohavetheboystandoutsidetheroom.你让那个男孩站在房间外面是错误的。.单词拼写1.Sheneverlosesweightbecausesheeats(小吃)betweenmeals.答案:
22、snacks2.Makesurethatyouareworkinginacomfortablep.答案:position3.ThewoodsandfieldsaretypicalfeaturesoftheEnglish(风景).答案:landscape4.Althoughhewaspoor,hewasquite(慷慨的)tohisneedyfriends.答案:generous5.Mybrotherisinahurrytogrowup,eforknowledgeandexperience.答案:eager.用过去分词作宾语补足语完成句子1.Whenhereturned20yearslater,hefoundhiscity(变化很大).答案:greatlychanged2.Ifhecalls,Iwillkeepyou(知道)assoonaspossible.答案:informed3.Theoldmanstoodthere,withhiseyes(盯着那幅画).答案:fixedonthepicture4.Iwilltrymybesttogetthework(晚饭前完成).答案:finishedbeforesupper5.Weoftenhearthesong(用英语唱).答案:sunginEnglish
