1、Section BReading and Thinking.知识体系图解 重点词汇1.n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长adj.最重要的;最高级别的2.n.谜;智力游戏;疑问vt.迷惑;使困惑3.adj.附近的;邻近的adv.在附近4.vi.应在(某处);适应5.adj.军事的;军用的6.n.防御;保卫7.adj.法律的;合法的8.vt.围绕;包围9.n.证据;证明10.n.成就;成绩;达到11.n.地方;地点;位置chiefpuzzlenearbybelongmilitarydefencelegalsurroundevidenceachievementlocation12.kingdomn.13
2、.battlen.vi.&vt.14.portn.王国;领域战役;搏斗搏斗;奋斗港口(城市)重点短语 1.join.to.2.breakaway(fromsb/sth)3.resultin4.belongto5.aswellas6.keepyoureyesopen(for)7.referto.as8.besurroundedby9.leavebehind 10.dateback把和连接或联结起来脱离;背叛;逃脱导致属于也;和;还留心;留意把看作被包围留下;留在后面追溯到重点句式1.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?2.Almosteverywhere
3、yougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.释义匹配1.nearbyA.somethingimportantthatyousucceedindoingbyyourownefforts2.defenceB.aparticularplace,especiallyinrelationtootherareas,buildings,etc.3.evidenceC.theactofprotectingsomethingo
4、rsomeonefromattack4.achievementD.factsorsignsthatshowclearlythatsomethingexistsoristrue5.locationE.notfaraway答案:1.E2.C3.D4.A5.B.阅读导学根据P40P41课文内容,选择正确答案。1.Howdomanypeoplefeelwhentheyseethethreenames?A.Satisfied.B.Confused.C.Disappointed.D.Curious.2.WhenwasthenameGreatBritaingiventothecountry?A.WhenWa
5、lesbecamepartofEngland.B.WhenKingJamesbecametherulerofScotland.C.WhenScotlandandWaleswereunited.D.WhenEnglandandWaleswerejoinedtoScotland.答案:B答案:D3.Whatresultedinthename“theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”?A.ThattheKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtothecountry.B.ThatNorthernIrelandbrokeawayfrom
6、thecountry.C.ThatSouthernIrelandbrokeawayfromthecountry.D.ThatScotlandwasseparatedfromthecountry.4.WhydoestheEnglishlanguagehavesomanyFrenchwords?A.BecauseoftheinfluenceoftheRomans.B.BecauseoftheinfluenceoftheAnglo-Saxons.C.BecauseoftheinfluenceoftheVikings.D.BecauseoftheinfluenceoftheNormans.答案:C答案
7、:D重点词汇1.GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.了解一下英国历史会帮助你解决这个谜题。【词汇精讲】puzzle作名词,意为“谜;智力游戏;疑问”,作动词,意为“迷惑;使困惑”。WhatpuzzlesyouisactuallyapuzzleformanyparentsinChina.使你困惑的事实际上对很多中国父母来说也是个谜题。Iminapuzzleastowhattodonext.我不知道下一步该做什么。【词汇拓展】Thefiremenwerepuzzledaboutthecauseof
8、thefire.消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。Tobehonest,Isometimesfeelpuzzledaboutmyfuturecareer.说实话,有时我对我以后的职业生涯感到困惑。【温馨提示】过去分词形式的形容词,如puzzled,confused,frightened,excited,surprised等,除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外,还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词,如look,voice,smile,expression,face等。【微写作】Therewasapuzzledlookonthelittlegirlsfacebecauseapuzzlingproblemp
9、uzzledher.小女孩的脸上有一种困惑的表情,因为一个令人困惑的问题使她困惑不解。2.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.最后,在20世纪,爱尔兰南部脱离了英国,这形成了我们今天的全名:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。【词汇精讲】breakawayfrom是动词短语,意为“脱离;背叛;逃脱”。Itwaswrongofhimt
10、obreakawayfromallhisgoodfriends.他和他所有的好朋友决裂是错误的。Whatcanwedotohelpthembreakawayfromthedifficultposition?我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢?Theprisonerbrokeawayfromhisguards.犯人挣脱了看守。【词汇拓展】Closethedoorandwindowscarefullytopreventsomestrangersbreakingintoyourhouse.仔细关好门窗,避免陌生人闯入你的家中。3.ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnite
11、dKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域共同努力。【词汇精讲】belongto是动词短语,意为“属于,应在某处;适应”。Thosebooksbelongtothelibrarybutthisismyown.那些书是图书馆的,但这本是我自己的。【温馨提示】belongto中to为介词,后接名词或代词宾格。作后置定语时常用动词-ing形式。Anyonehasnorighttotakethelandbelongingtothestateastheirown.任何人都没有权力占有属于国家的土地。【词汇拓展】【误】Thecomputersinsid
12、etheclassroomarebelongedtoourschool.【正】Thecomputersinsidetheclassroombelongtoourschool.教室里的电脑属于我们学校。4.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,称为米字旗。【词汇精讲】aswellas意为“同(一样也);和;还”,在句中连接相同的成分。Sciencecanbeaforceforevilaswellasforgood.
13、科学可以促成好事,也可以导致坏事。Sheintendstofighttomakeitawomansaswellasamansworld.她打算努力奋斗使它不但成为男人的世界,也成为女人的世界。【温馨提示】当“AaswellasB”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致。Theteacheraswellashisclassmateslikesplayingbasketball.老师和学生们都喜欢打篮球。Marysparentsaswellashersisterarelisteningtoaconcert.玛丽的父母和她的妹妹在听音乐会。【词汇拓展】Mylittlebrothercan
14、speakEnglishandFrenchaswell.我弟弟会说英语,也会说法语。Sinceyouhavestartedthejob,youmightaswellfinishit.既然你开了头,索性把这项工作做完吧。5.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,称为米字旗。【词汇精讲】defence是名词,意为“防御;保卫”。Thetownwallswerebuiltasadefenceagainstenemyat
15、tacks.城墙是为防御敌人袭击而修建的。Humourisamoreeffectivedefencethanviolence.幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。【词汇拓展】Whatpointscanberaisedindefenceofthisargument?有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢?Theyneededmoretroopstodefendtheborderagainstpossibleattacks.他们需要更多的部队来保卫边境免受可能的攻击。【微写作】Intimeofwar,lotsofmoneywillbespentondefenceandmanymeasureswillbeta
16、kentodefendacountryfrombeingattacked.在战争时期,许多钱将花在国防上,并将采取许多措施来保卫一个国家免受攻击。6.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.几乎你去英国的任何地方,你都会被在不同的历史时期四个不同群体统治这个地方的证据所包围。【词汇精讲】surround是及物动词,意为“围绕;包围”。Alakeisanareaofwater
17、surroundedbyland.湖泊就是被一片陆地包围的水域。Makesurethepeopleyousurroundyourselfwitharesupportive.确保自己身边环绕的是乐观向上的人。【词汇拓展】Theteachersatonthegrass,surroundedwith/byhisstudents.那位老师坐在草地上,四周围着他的学生。Theboygrewupinbeautifulsurroundingsbutnotinahappyhomeenvironment.这个男孩在美丽的环境中长大,但缺少一个幸福的家庭环境。【微写作】Hewalkedinthesurroundi
18、ngvillagesandfoundthesurroundingsverycomfortabletolivein.他在周围的村庄里散步,发现周边环境非常宜居。重点句式1.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?那么,如果有的话,它们之间有什么区别呢?【句式剖析】ifany“如果有的话”,是省略形式,句子补全应为:ifthereisanydifferencebetweenthem。Pleasecorrectmymistakes,ifany.如果有错误,请帮我改正。Problems,ifany,shouldbesolvedwithoutdelay.有问题要及时
19、解决。【句式拓展】Thegarbageisthentakenawayand,ifpossible,recycled.然后垃圾被带走,如果可能的话会进行回收利用。Sheseldom,ifever,goestotheopera.她很少去看歌剧。2.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.几乎你去英国的任何地方,你都会被在不同的历史时期四个不同群体统治这个地方的证据所包围。【句式
20、剖析】本句是一个复合句,其中everywhere是连词,引导地点状语从句。Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.他们无论朝哪里看,那里的一切几乎都被毁了。Iwantedtosaveupmoneyandbuymyowncar,soIappliedeverywhereIcouldthatsummer.那年夏天,我想攒钱买属于自己的车,所以我四处求职。【温馨提示】(1)everywhere还可用作副词,意为“到处”。Ilookedforiteverywhere,butdidntfindit.我哪儿都找过了,但没有找到。注意:有时根据需要可与
21、介词from连用。Congratulationspouredinfromeverywhere.祝贺像潮水一样从四面八方涌来。(2)everywhere可用作表语,表示某种情况很普遍。Girlswithlonghairwereeverywhereinthe1960s.在20世纪60年代,女孩子留长发的现象相当普遍。(3)everywhere用作名词,在句中作主语。Everywhereseemedtobesilent.万籁俱寂。.单词拼写1.Myfriendsalllive(在附近),soIoftengettogetherwiththem.答案:nearby2.Thebodyhasnatural(
22、防御)mechanismstoprotectitfromdisease.答案:defence3.Expertshavefoundalotof(证据)thatstressispartlyresponsiblefordisease.答案:evidence4.(围绕;包围)yourselfwithgoodpeoplewholoveyouandinspireyou.答案:Surround5.Evenasmallsuccessgivesusasenseof(成就).答案:achievement.语篇填空WhenpeoplehearthenamestheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain
23、,Britain,England,theyoftenareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmeanandwanttoknow1.differencebetweenthem.2.(solve)thispuzzle,youhadbetterknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistory.Inthe16thcentury,thecountrywascalledtheKingdomofEngland3.thenearbycountrywasjoinedtoit.Two4.(century)later,itchangedtotheKingdomofG
24、reatBritainwhenScotlandwasjoinedtoit.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIreland5.(add)tocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeaway6.theUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.theTosolvewhencent
25、urieswasaddedfromThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomhavemanythingsincommon,7.theystillhavesomedifferences,suchaseducationsystems,legalsystems,andtraditionsaswellasfootballteamsfor8.(compete)liketheWorldCup!TheUnitedKingdom9.(go)throughhardtimesinitshistoryasmanyforeigninvaderscametothecount
26、ry.Theyallhadgreatinfluenceonthecountry.ThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.10.(study)thehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable.butcompetitionswentStudying.概要写作根据P40P41课文内容,写一篇60词左右的内容概要。参考范文Manypeopleareconfusedbythedifferentnamesreferringto
27、theUKandwanttoknowtheirdifferences.(要点1)Wales,ScotlandandtheKingdomofIrelandwerejoinedtothecountryatdifferenttimes,resultingindifferentnames.(要点2)Whilethefourcountriesworktogetherinsomeareas,theyalsohavesomedifferences.(要点3)Initshistory,theUnitedKingdomwasinfluencedbyforeigninvadersinmanyaspects,whichmakesthehistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdominterestingtolearn.(要点4)
