1、The past participle as the predicative and adverbial1.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.2.The concert given by their friends was a success.3.The boy looked up with a pleased expression.4.I heard the song sung in English.5.He found his hometown greatly changed.6.When given a medica
2、l examination,you should keep calm.7.After running,he is tired.Look at the following sentences and discuss the function of the past participles.定语定语定语宾补宾补时间状语表语Part onePast Participle as the predicative(过去分词用作表语)1.She was moved by the moving speech.2.She seems surprised at the news.3.They looked fri
3、ghtened to hear the frightening sound.4.The door is closed.过去分词可置于过去分词可置于 后作后作 语，用来表示主语的性质、语，用来表示主语的性质、特征或特征或 。其前的系动词包括。其前的系动词包括be动词、感官动词动词、感官动词get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等多种形式。等多种形式。观察下列句子所作成分并总结规律观察下列句子所作成分并总结规律系动词系动词表表状态状态 过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，与被动语态结构相似，主要是表示动作的完成和状态，相当于一个形容词,其前的系动词有包括be在内的
4、多种形式。如：Everyone present was very inspired at his speech You seem frightened.1.过过去分词做表语的用法去分词做表语的用法过去分词过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或状态，相当于形容词；作表语，强调主语的特点或状态，相当于形容词；被动语态被动语态中，句子主语是动作的承受者，后面常跟中，句子主语是动作的承受者，后面常跟by。例如：例如：The novel is well written.The novel is written by Lu Xun.2.过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构
5、与被动语态的区别 This shop is now closed This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday状态状态被动被动I am _(interest)in the film.The book is _(interest)to us.Michelle sounded _(excite)to hear the news.The news sounded _(excite).3.过过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别：去分词与现在分词作表语的区别：interestingexcitedexcitinginterested过去分词作表语一般形容人；现在分词作表语一般形容物P
6、art twoPast Participle as the adverbial(过去分词用作状语)过去分词作状语（修饰动词）时过去分词作状语（修饰动词）时,与主语之间存在着动宾关与主语之间存在着动宾关系。过去分词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随系。过去分词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、让步等情况。、让步等情况。多数情况下，分词的逻辑主语和句子的多数情况下，分词的逻辑主语和句子的主主语是同一人或同一物。语是同一人或同一物。过去分词在句中过去分词在句中表被动、表完成。表被动、表完成。过去分词短语做状语表时间，相当于一个由过去分词短语做状语表时间，相当于一个由when,while,u
7、ntil，afrer等引导的等引导的 _。1.Accepted by the university,he was addicted to online games.=After he was accepted by the university,he was addicted to online games.2.Asked why he didnt do it,he began to cry.=When he was asked why he didnt do it,he began to cry.时间状语时间状语被大学录取后被大学录取后当被问及他为什么没做这件事当被问及他为什么没做这件事时间
8、状语时间状语时间状语从句时间状语从句1.观察下列句子，说出过去分词作状语的种类观察下列句子，说出过去分词作状语的种类.1.Given more time,we could do it much better.=If we were given more time,we could do it much better.2.Compared with my brother,I should make greater efforts to study English.=If I am compared with my brother,I should make greater efforts to
9、study English.过去分词短语做状语表条件，过去分词短语做状语表条件，相当于一个由相当于一个由if，once，unless引导的引导的 。如果给予更多时间如果给予更多时间如果跟我的兄弟比较如果跟我的兄弟比较条件状语条件状语条件状语条件状语条件状语从句条件状语从句1.Greatly moved by the film,they all cried.=Because they were greatly moved by the film,they all cried.2.Choked by the heavy smoke,the old man could hardly breathe.
10、=Because he was choked by the heavy smoke,the old man felt happy.过去分词做状语表原因过去分词做状语表原因,相当于相当于because，since，as引导的引导的_。因为被这部电影深深打动因为被这部电影深深打动 因为被浓烟呛到因为被浓烟呛到原因状语从句原因状语从句原因状语原因状语原因状语原因状语1.He walked up and down the room,lost in thought.=He walked up and down the room,and he was lost in thought.2.Supported
11、 by his wife,the old man went into the room.=The old man was supported by his wife,and he went into the room.过去分词表过去分词表方式方式或或伴随伴随时时不能转化为状语从句不能转化为状语从句相当于一个由相当于一个由_引导的并列句。，引导的并列句。，and伴随状语伴随状语方式状语方式状语1.Laughed at by many people,he continued his study.=Though he was laughed at by many people,he continue
12、d his study.2.Defeated this time,they continued to work hard.=Although they were defeated this time,they continued to work hard.过去分词短语做状语过去分词短语做状语,表让步，相当于表让步，相当于though,although引导的引导的_。让步状语从句让步状语从句 尽管被人嘲笑尽管被人嘲笑尽管这次被打败尽管这次被打败让步状语让步状语让步状语让步状语1.作时间状语，可转换为作时间状语，可转换为when,while或或after等引导的状语从句。等引导的状语从句。2.作条
13、件状语，可转换为作条件状语，可转换为if,once或或unless等引导的状语从句。等引导的状语从句。3.作原因状语，可转换为作原因状语，可转换为as,since或或because等引导状语从等引导状语从句句5.作让步状语作让步状语，可转换为，可转换为although,though或或even if等引导的等引导的状语从句。状语从句。4.作方式或伴随状语作方式或伴随状语，则可转换为，则可转换为and并列结构。并列结构。过去分词（短语）作状语，表时间、条件、原因、让步、过去分词（短语）作状语，表时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随等情况方式或伴随等情况,相当于一个状语从句。相当于一个状语从句。1.
14、Seeing from the hill,you will find the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。从山上看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系主谓关系)2.Seen from the hill,the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，这座城市就像一个大花园。从山上看，这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语the city之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)过去分词作状语过去分词作状语:现在分词作状语：现在分词作状语：Difference:现
15、在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。观察下列句子，说出过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别观察下列句子，说出过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别.过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动。1.过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when,while,if,though,as if,unless,until等，以使句意表达得更清楚。Eg.Unless constantly repeated,the English words are easily forgotten.When
16、asked why she came here,the girl kept silent.2.有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动不表示被动而重在描述重在描述 主语的状态主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost(迷失的迷失的),seated(坐坐),hidden(隐藏的隐藏的),lost/absorbed in(沉浸于沉浸于),dressed in(穿着穿着)等。Lost in thought,he didnt hear the bell.注意事项注意事项Highly interested in music,Henry began to write original
17、 compositions.Pleased with his music and songs,they finally invited him to perform in the Silver Hall.Though affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance,Henry was still capable of.Absorbed in his world of music,he felt as if.1.Seen from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.
18、时间状语原因状语条件状语让步状语伴随状语=When the town is seen from the top of the hill,it looks more beautiful.=Because my teacher was satisfied with what I did,he praised me in class.3.Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.=If they are grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.4.Wounded,the brave soldiers c
19、ontinued to fight to search for the trapped in the ruins.=Though(they were)wounded,the brave soldiers continued to fight to search for the trapped in the ruins.5.She accepted the gift,deeply moved.=She accepted the gift,and she was deeply moved.2.Satisfied with what I did,my teacher praised me in class.过去分词作状语，用逗号与主句分隔开。可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式Thank you
