1、 UNIT 5UNIT 5LANGUAGES AROUND THE LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLDWORLD重点单词短语讲练重点单词短语讲练1.base vt.以为据点;以为基础 n.底部;根据单句填空Youre foolish enough to base your hopes his promise.The theory he put up was (base)on his many years research,so it was practical.upon/onbasedThe government provides them with not only foo
2、d and shelter,but also the (base)skills for their living.As far as Im concerned,common hobbies are the (base)of making friends.完成句子我们昨天看的那部电影受到了高度评价,它是以一个真实的爱情故事为基础的。a true love story,the film we watched yesterday is highly thought of.basicbasisBased on点拨点拨(1)base.on/upon.把建立在基础上be based on/upon以为基础
3、;依据(2)basic adj.基本的;基础的(3)basis n.基础;基准2.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化单句填空 variety of hooks are used,each for a different kind of fish.Teaching methods vary greatly school to school.Although they are all grapes,the taste varies the region in which theyre grown.As a child,Chamberlain had (vary)health
4、problems.Afromwithvarious句式升级Our school has built a new stadium.It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.(2018课标全国)Our school has built a new stadium,well-equipped facilities.(定语从句;variety/various)which has various/varieties of/a variety of点拨点拨(1)a variety of=varieties of=various adj.各种各样的;不同种类的
5、(2)vary v.相异;变化vary from.to.从到不等;在到之间变动vary with.随而变动易错(1)a variety of可用great、large、wide等修饰。a variety of=varieties of各种各样的,后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。(2)“a variety of+复数名词”用作主语,谓语多用复数;“the variety of+复数名词”用作主语,谓语要用单数。The variety of dishes was astonishing.菜肴的丰盛令人惊讶。A variety of books have been published.已经出版了各种
6、各样的书。3.major adj.主要的;重要的;大的 n.主修课程;主修学生 vi.主修;专门研究单句填空The student,(major)in economics at college,made a comment on the matter.We live in a country where women are the majority.She majored maths and physics at university.The (major)of people seem to prefer TV to radio.majoringininmajority完成句子作为主修英语语言
7、的毕业生,申请这个职位我感到兴奋不已。(2018浙江),I feel excited to apply for the position.As a graduate majoring in the English language点拨点拨(1)major in主修;以为专业(2)majority n.大部分;大多数a/the majority of.大多数be in a/the majority占大部分/大多数联想(1)minor adj.次要的;较小的 n.辅修科目 vi.辅修minor in 辅修(2)minority n.少数be in a/the minority占少数4.apprec
8、iate vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值单句填空On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival,people get together eating moon-cakes and (appreciate)the full moon.Here I sincerely express my (appreciate)if you could help to find the lost suitcase.I appreciate (give)the opportunity to work in your company.Ive successfully org
9、anized several English activities,which (appreciate)by my teachers and classmates.appreciatingappreciationbeing givenhave beenappreciated点拨点拨(1)appreciate+n./pron./v.-ing重视/感激I would appreciate it if.假如,我将不胜感激。(2)appreciation n.欣赏;感激express ones appreciation表达某人的感激之情 联想当appreciate、hate、dislike、love、
10、like、depend/rely on等词或短语后接宾语从句时,一般先加it,再接宾语从句。I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.我讨厌人们满嘴食物时说话。5.equal n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的 v.比得上;敌得过单句填空He (equal)me in strength but not in intelligence.I believe he is equal the position.Men and women must be treated (equal)in education and emp-loyme
11、nt.equalstoequally用equal的适当形式或介词填空They share everything in class (equal).Boys equal girls their study too.They value the (equal)in everything among themselves.equallyinequality点拨点拨(1)be equal to sth.等于/胜任某事A equals B in.A在方面比得上B/与B相匹敌without equal=have no equal无与伦比(2)equality n.平等(3)equally adv.相等地;
12、同等地;均等地;同样地联想“adj.+-ityn.”荟萃:electricelectricity电;电能 popularpopularity受欢迎;流行realreality现实similarsimilarity相似点majormajority大多数minorminority少数;少数民族1.refer to 指的是;描述;提到;查阅;涉及赏句猜义These books refer to Asian problems.If you want to know his telephone number,you may refer to the telephone di-rectory.The ol
13、d soldier referred to his experiences during the Long March.Li Ning is referred to as one of the greatest athletes in China.涉及查阅描述被称为When I said some people were stupid,I wasnt referring to you.完成句子书和字典可以用作参考书籍,而杂志可以当作阅读材料。The textbooks and dictionaries can while the maga-zines serve as reading mate
14、rials.指的是be used as reference books点拨点拨(1)refer sth.to sb.把某事交给某人处理refer to.as.把称作be referred to as.被称为(2)reference n.提及;参考;查阅易混(1)在表示“查阅”时,refer to 后多接参考资料(词典、书籍等),其中to是介词;look up后多接查询的内容。(2)refer的过去式、过去分词以及现在分词都要双写字母r(referred/referred/referring)。2.point of view 观点;看法单句填空Can you point the hotel on
15、 this map?He was the point of saying something when the phone rang.Im afraid what youre saying now is the point.The questions he raised during the discussion were all very much the point.outonoffto用point的适当形式或介/副词填空From my of view,what youre saying is the point.Its right for you to point his mistake
16、.pointtoout点拨点拨(1)point out提出;指出(2)be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事(3)off the point离题(4)to the point简洁中肯1.It was a time when.那时教材原句Over the years,the system developed into different forms,as it was a time when people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
17、单句填空It was a time my mother was working as a lawyer.There was time when this style of dress was popular with young girls.whena完成句子那时汽车是罕见的。motorcars were rare.It was a time when点拨点拨a time表示“一段时间”,相当于a period of time,后接when引导的定语从句。It/This/That/There was a time when.曾经一度/那时联想当先行词是表示时间的名词,如time、day、mom
18、ent、hour、year等时,若关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,则用关系副词when;若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,则用关系代词which/that(作宾语时关系代词有时可以省略)。2.“of+名词”结构教材原句That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.单句填空These products are high quality.This question is of (important).ofimportance完成句子硬币可能大小、重量和形状不同。Coins m
19、ay be .她的眼睛是深灰色的。Her eyes are .句型转换Each second is very valuable for us.Each second is for us.of different sizes,weights,and shapesof a dark gray colorof great value点拨(1)“of+名词”结构在句中可作表语、后置定语和宾语补足语。该结构根据是否有对应的形容词分为两类。(2)“of+名词”和同根形容词的转换:of use=usefulof help=helpfulof importance=importantof value=valu
20、ableof significance=significant3.the+比较级.,the+比较级.越(就)越教材原句It was exercise for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the more my brain would grow.单句填空The more I read the book,more I liked it.The(early)you start,the (soon)youll be back.theearliersoonerThe(high)you climb,the (far)you will see.The (noisy)they were,the (happy)their mother was.完成句子你练习得越多,你理解得就会越好。you practice,you can understand.higherfarthernoisierhappierThe morethe better点拨点拨(1)通常情况下,前一个“the+比较级”相当于比较状语从句,后一个“the+比较级”为主句。(2)有时前一个“the+比较级”相当于条件状语从句,后一个“the+比较级”为主句。(3)从句一般不用将来时。
