1、专题三：语法填空专题三：语法填空高考英语备考复习高考英语备考复习Teaching ObjectsvTo analyze:Common mistakes Possible reasons Possible solutions 语法填空题的语篇材料多为语法填空题的语篇材料多为故事类故事类题材（广东题材（广东卷近五年全为故事类题材），文字浅易，篇幅不卷近五年全为故事类题材），文字浅易，篇幅不长（长（200200词左右词左右)，材料中没有生僻和超纲的词汇，材料中没有生僻和超纲的词汇，句子结构也不很复杂。句子结构也不很复杂。语法填空题的内容不仅涉及语法填空题的内容不仅涉及语法结构语法结构，还，还包括包括
2、构词法构词法、篇章连贯篇章连贯和和意义对句子结构意义对句子结构的制约的制约作用。作用。试题特点试题特点 福田外国语高级中学福田外国语高级中学 王国平王国平One morning,I was waiting at the bus stop,worried about61 _(be)late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,62_ some of them looked very anxious and 63 _(disappoint).when the bus finally came,we all hurrie
3、d on board.I got a place next 64_ the window,so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike 65_(catch)my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused 66_(stop)until we reached the next stop.Still,the boy kept 67_
4、(ride).He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally,when we came to the next stop,the boy ran up the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked,“68_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh,dear!It s 69_(I)”.Sh
5、e pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully,Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 70_(sudden)became friendly to one another.beinganddisappointedtocaughtto stopridingDidme/minesuddenly句子结构句子结构-词类转换词类转换句子结构句子结构-词类转换词类转换意义制约：分意义制
6、约：分句逻辑意义关句逻辑意义关系系句子结构句子结构-词类转换词类转换语境意义语境意义-词类转换词类转换意义制约：语境意意义制约：语境意义义句子结构句子结构-谓语动词谓语动词句子结构句子结构-非谓语动词非谓语动词句子结构句子结构-非谓语动词非谓语动词句子结构句子结构-意义制约意义制约 语法填空语法填空 目目 的的:篇章意义的理解篇章意义的理解,尤其是在上下文意义关尤其是在上下文意义关 系中应用语法知识的能力。系中应用语法知识的能力。呈现方式呈现方式:200200字以内的连贯篇章字以内的连贯篇章(故事为主故事为主)，填入，填入 一个一个虚词或用所给实词的适当形式填空。虚词或用所给实词的适当形式填空
7、。好好 处处:克服了为考语法而考语法的弱点克服了为考语法而考语法的弱点,将语法将语法 知识的考察和篇章阅读能力的考察成功知识的考察和篇章阅读能力的考察成功 地结合起来。地结合起来。语语 法法词法词法句法句法章法章法惯用法惯用法v思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢们到底该怎样入手呢?无提示词无提示词 可数名词单数之前可数名词单数之前 考查语法点考查语法点:冠词冠词,物主代词的用法物主代词的用法Group A 无提示词无提示词两个主谓结构连接，用连词。两个主谓结构连接，用连词。考查语法点考查语法点:复合句中连接词、引导词的用法复合句中
8、连接词、引导词的用法Group B 无提示词无提示词 与名词相连构成介宾短语做状语与名词相连构成介宾短语做状语,补语等补语等 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语 考查语法点考查语法点:介词的基本用法及搭配介词的基本用法及搭配Group C 有提示词有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构与主语构成主谓结构 考查语法点考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致Group D 有提示词有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式除谓语动词以外的动词形式 考查语法点考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用非谓语动词及变形的使用Group E 有提示词有提示词 介词介词,
9、冠词冠词,所有格后接名词所有格后接名词,形容词修饰形容词修饰名词名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子 考查语法点考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化各类词性的正确使用及转化Group F动词动词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词(代词代词)冠词冠词介词介词连词连词(代词代词)有有提提示示词词无无提提示示词词 art.art.conj./引导词引导词定冠词定冠词,不定冠词不定冠词,物主代词的用法物主代词的用法并列句及复合句并列句及复合句非谓语动词非谓语动词 to do,doing,done 及变形及变形谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致介词的常用用
10、法及词组搭配介词的常用用法及词组搭配词汇词汇,构词法构词法2014年广东高考英语试题：年广东高考英语试题：语法填空语法填空 Last year,my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said16_ was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went,we had planned for months.When the day came,we were ready.After our plane land
11、ed,we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months 17_（early）,but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We 18_（tell）that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week,19_ for the week after.I didnt understand 20_ this would happenitearlierwere toldwhybutand my credit card
12、 had already been charged 21_ the reservation.Whats worse,the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do,the manager came out.She was 22_(surprise）helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_ top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room,and w
13、e werent charged extra.The next day,my brother and I went to the beach 24_ we watched some people play volleyball.We got a little 25 _ (sunburn),but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.forsurprisinglythewheresunburned/sunburnt Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 19
14、69,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland,Ohio.It 61_（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 62_(actual)caught fire and burned.Now,ears later,this river is one of 63_most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wa
15、snt changed in a few days 64_even a few months.It took years of work 65_(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66_(clean)than ever.2014新课标全国卷：新课标全国卷：语法填空语法填空 was actuallythe orto reducecleaner Maybe you are facing an imp
16、ossible situation.Maybe you leave a habit 67_ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are 68 _(amaze)stories of insta
17、nt transformation,for most of us the 69_ (change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 70_ (patience).amazingchangespatientthat/which 语法填空题比起单选题来对考生提出了更高语法填空题比起单选题来对考生提出了更高的要求。它的要求。它 ；强化强化 。一些。一些 至至关重要，对文章的意思要理解透彻，关重要，对文章的意思要理解透彻，对对 的关系要明确。的关系要明确。以语法为基础以语法为基础 以语境为依托以语境为依托对句子的分析和理解对句子的分析和理解固定搭配固定搭配上下文，前后句上下文，前后句word-formatiomword-formatiom 构词法构词法预预 习习
