1、2022-11-27八年级英语上 新目标 人2022-11-27一、情态动词一、情态动词cancan2022-11-27项目内容例句情态动词can的用法can是一个最常用的情态动词,经常用来表示请求、能力、推测等。can本身具有一定的含义,但不能独立作谓语,其后接动词原形,can的否定形式为cant。Can you help me?你能帮助我吗?They cant come to your party.他们不能来参加你的聚会。表示能力,意为“能;会”。Can you make a model plane?你会做飞机模型吗?表示许可,意为“可以”,相当于may。此外,could与might也可以
2、用于表示许可,语气更委婉。Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的报纸吗?表示可能性,意为“可以;可能”。He can be very friendly at times.有时他会很友好。用于提出邀请,对其作肯定回答通常用Sure/Yes,Id love to;作否定回答则用Sorry/No,I cant。Can you come to my party?你能来我的聚会吗?Yes,Id love to.是的,我愿意去。2022-11-27can与beable to的区别can为情态动词,无人称和数的变化,过去式为could;而be able to有人称、时态和数的变化,
3、be able to可以与情态动词连用,后面接动词原形,而can不能这样使用。I hope to be able to go to the movies with you on Sunday.我希望星期日能和你一起去看电影。He will be able to finish the work.他将能完成这项工作。be able to的过去式还表示经过努力而做到,而could无此意思。He studied hard and was able to pass the exam.他努力学习,考试及格了。当表示猜测、请求和允许时,只能用can,不能用be able to。He cant be at h
4、ome now.他现在不可能在家。当表示现在或过去的“能力”时,两者可互换。I can dance.=I am able to dance.我会跳舞。返回返回2022-11-27二、二、have tohave to和和mustmust的用法的用法1.have to有人称、数和时态的变化,而情态动词must没有。have to的一般过去时的肯定式是had to,否定式是didnt have to;一般现在时第三人称单数的肯定式用has to,否定式用doesnt have to。have to must2022-11-27She has to help her mother do the hou
5、sework at home.她不得不在家帮助妈妈做家务。We must leave now.我们现在必须离开。We had to stay at home because it rained.因为下雨,我们不得不待在家里。He must look after his things.他必须照看好他的东西。2022-11-27I mustmust go now.我现在必须走。She has to clean the room every week.她每周都得打扫房间。2.have to和must都有“必须”的意思,但是have to侧重于强调客观条件需要做的事情,而must侧重于表示说话人的主观
6、看法,认为有义务、有必要去做某事。2022-11-27Do you have to study English now?你现在必须学英语吗?Must he do his homework now?他必须现在做作业吗?3.have to不能直接用来表示否定或进行提问,需要借助助动词;must的一般疑问句将其提前即可。2022-11-27You dont have to go there.你不必去那儿。You must not go there.你不许去那儿。4.在否定句中dont have to表示“没有必要”,must not表示“不允许”。2022-11-27Must the little
7、boy play with his brother?那个小男孩必须和他哥哥玩吗?No,he neednt.neednt.不,他不必。5.have to的一般疑问句回答用Yes,do/does/did.和No,dont/doesnt/didnt.。在回答must开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用neednt或dont have to。返回返回Does she have to go now?她现在必须走吗?Yes,she does.是的,她必须走。2022-11-271.(2015福州中考)Doctor Wang,Im feeling much better.Must I go o
8、n taking the medicine?No,you.Youll get well soon.A.cant B.mustnt C.needntC 提示:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“王医生,我感觉好多了。我必须继续吃药吗?”“不,你不必。你不久就会好的”。以must开头的疑问句,否定回答用neednt,故选C。2022-11-27 C提示:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“王先生,我必须在星期天再来打扫教室吗?”“不,你不必。我已经让凯特来打扫了”。cant不可能;mustnt禁止;neednt没必要;shouldnt不应该。2.(2015德州中考)Mr.Wang,must I come agai
9、n to clean the classroom on Sunday?No,you.I have asked Kate to do it.A.cant B.mustntC.neednt D.shouldnt2022-11-273.(2015广安中考)Look!It be David in the classroom.It be him.Because I saw him in the library a moment ago.A.may,mustntB.must,cantC.can,cant D.mustnt,can B 提示:考查情态动词辨析。句意为“看!一定是大卫在教室里。”“不可能是他。
10、因为刚才我在图书馆看到他了”。表示肯定推测用must;表示否定推测用cant,故选B。2022-11-27 C 提示:考查情态动词辨析。句意为“现在所有的乘客在上火车前都必须通过安检”,故选C。4.(2015泰安中考)Nowadays all passengers go through safety check before they take a train.A.can B.may C.must D.will2022-11-275.(2015重庆A卷中考)Its surprising that Mr.Mas little daughter speak English so well.A.mu
11、st B.can C.mustntD.cantB提示:考查情态动词辨析。句意为“马老师的小女儿英语能说得这么好很令人惊讶”。根据句意,选B。2022-11-27B提示:考查情态动词。句意为“我今晚必须完成所有的家庭作业吗?”“不,没有必要。明天是周六,你有足够的时间做作业”。句型“Must I?”的否定回答用No,you neednt,故选B。6.(2015连云港中考)Must I finish all the homework this evening?No,you.Tomorrow is Saturday,and you have enough time for it.A.mustnt B
12、.needntC.wont D.cant2022-11-277.(2015江西中考)Nathan likes his job because he enjoy the beauty of nature.A.canB.must C.shouldD.is supposed to 7.A提示:考查情态动词辨析。句意为“Nathan喜欢他的工作因为他可以享受自然的美丽”。can可以;must必须;should应该;is supposed to应该。根据句意可知,故选A。2022-11-27 C提示:考查情态动词。句意为“当交通灯变红时,汽车、公交车、自行车和行人都必须停下来”,故选C。8.(2015成
13、都中考)Cars,buses,bikes and people stop when the traffic lights are red.A.canB.mayC.must2022-11-279.(2015内江中考)Must I hand in the exercise book today,Miss Green?No,you.Take your time.Just tomorrow.A.shouldnt B.needntC.mustntD.cant B 提示:考查情态动词。句意为“格林老师,我必须今天交练习册吗?”“不必。别着急。就明天交吧”。结合语境,故选B。2022-11-27该课件由【语
14、文公社】友情提供 D 提示:考查情态动词辨析。句意为“我必须用俄语唱这首歌吗?”“不,你不必。由你定”,故选D。10.(2015资阳中考)Must I sing the song in Russian?No,you.Its up to you.A.mustntB.cantC.dont D.neednt2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供11.(2015青岛中考)You return the book now.You can keep it until next week if you like.A.have toB.cant C.mustntD.neednt D 提示:考查情态动词
15、的用法。由下文句意可推测,现在“没必要”归还,故选D。2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供 A 提示:考查情态动词辨析。句意为“你穿上绿色的衣服看起来漂亮,凯特。”“谢谢你。我喜欢绿色。绿色能给我能量”。can能;must必须;should应当;has to不得不。根据句意,故选A。12.(2015扬州中考)You look pretty in green,Kate.Thank you.I like green.Green give me energy.A.can B.must C.should D.has to2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供13.(2015衡阳中
16、考)Must I return the book today?No,you.You can do it tomorrow.A.cantB.neednt C.mustntB提示:考查情态动词的用法。must引导的一般疑问句否定回答常用neednt,故选B。2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供B提示:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“妈妈,火车八分钟后就要离开了。我必须现在就走。”“好的,吉姆,当你到那里时,给我打个电话”。由句意可知,选B。14.(2015乐山中考)Mom,the train is leaving in eight minutes.I go now.Okay,Jim,cal
17、l me when you get there.A.may B.mustC.can2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供15.(2015山西中考)Reading a large number of books make us wiser.The more we read,the more we know.A.can B.would C.needA提示:考查情态动词辨析。句意为“阅读大量的书籍可以使我们更聪明。我们读得越多,我们知道的就越多”。can可以;would愿意;need需要。返回返回2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供关于邀请的相关内容关于邀请的相关内容Many
18、years ago,I had my first chance to visit Russia.“Russians are a very polite people,”I had been told before my arrival.One of my friends explained that a gentleman will pour the lemonade for the ladies and show other good manners.2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供Toward the end of my three-week trip,I was invi
19、ted by my Russian friend Nicolai Vasilevich and his wife Yulya out to dinner.At the end of a wonderful meal,Yulya asked if I would like a banana.I politely declined and thanked her,and explained I was most satisfied with the meal.But my mind was racing:“What should I do?Should I offer her a banana t
20、hough they are as close to her as they are to me?What is the polite thing to do?”2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供“Would you like a banana?”I asked Yulya.“Yes,”she smiled,but didnt try to take any of the three bananas in the fruit basket.“Which one would you like?”I asked again.“That one,”she pointed at one
21、of the bananas.So thinking about Russian politeness,I picked the banana Yulya had pointed at.Then I peeled it halfway and handed it to her.Smiles on Yulyas and Nicolais faces told me I had done the right thing.After this experience,I spent much time letting the world know that in Russia,the polite t
22、hing was to peel bananas for ladies.2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供However,sometime during my third trip I learned I was wrong.“Oh no,David,”a Russian politely corrected me.“In Russia,when a man peels a banana for a lady,it means he has a romantic interest in her.”How embarrassed I felt!2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社
23、】友情提供So to communicate properly with people of different cultures,we should watch carefully how people of the same culture communicate with each other.Besides,dont be afraid to ask questions about their culture.返回返回【词汇积累】politely decline婉谢embarrassed尴尬的2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供本单元的阅读重点是能够读懂提出、接受以及拒绝邀
24、请的文章。在阅读此类话题的文章时,首先,应该抓住关于邀请的关键信息,如:invite,invitation,party等;其次,了解邀请去做的事情,掌握核心词汇,如:birthday party,dinner,movie等;最后,了解不同地区、不同文化的邀请礼仪对于读懂文章也非常重要。返回返回2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供邀请信的写法邀请信的写法假如你是David,你将在四月一日(星期五)早上九点在你家举办一个生日聚会,你想邀请你的老师Miss Li来参加,请给她写一封邀请信。2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供【思路点拨】表明身份说明事由及所邀请的人员提出邀请说
25、明时间、地点结尾落款Im David.I want to invite you to come to I have invitedto comeSo I hope you can come here.If you come here,I will feel very happy.It is onatWe will have it in/at+地点.I really hope you can come写明收信人 Dear Miss Li2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供1.我的生日聚会_2.感到高兴_3.在四月一日 4.在九点钟 写出下列单词或短语【重点词汇重点词汇】5.邀请_in
26、viteat nine oclockon April 1stfeel happymy birthday party2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供【重点句型重点句型】根据汉语意思完成句子1.我希望你能来这儿。I you come here.2.如果你来这儿,我将感觉非常高兴。you come,I will happy.3.它是在周五早上。It is morning.4.我真的希望你能来我的生日聚会。I hope you can my birthday party.hopecanIfherefeel veryon Fridayreallycome to2022-11-27该课件由
27、【语文公社】友情提供返回返回【单元参考句型单元参考句型】Can you come to my party on Monday at 7:00 p.m.?I am free till 10:00 p.m.I hope you can come.It is at my home.2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供Dear Miss Li,Dear Miss Li,I am David.I want to invite you to come to my I am David.I want to invite you to come to my birthday party.I hav
28、e invited some students to birthday party.I have invited some students to come to my birthday party.So I hope you can come come to my birthday party.So I hope you can come here.If you come here,I will feel very happy.I here.If you come here,I will feel very happy.I think you like my classmates and t
29、hey also like think you like my classmates and they also like you.My birthday party is on April 1st.It is on you.My birthday party is on April 1st.It is on Friday morning at nine oclock in my home.I Friday morning at nine oclock in my home.I really hope you can come to my birthday party.really hope
30、you can come to my birthday party.Yours sincerely,Yours sincerely,DavidDavid2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供【名师点评】本文符合邀请信的写作要求。邀请原因、活动地点及时间交代得清楚、明确。全文简洁、流畅,语言热情饱满,给人感觉态度诚恳,友好亲切,是一篇成功的作文。返回返回2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供 本单元的写作项目是写一封邀请信。写此类文章时要注意以下两点:返回返回 1.邀请信是一种常见的书信体,是人们在日常生活、社会活动中常用的一种应用文体,给人真诚、亲切的感觉。内容包括:邀请原
31、因、活动地点和时间等;2.邀请信有正式和非正式两种。正式邀请信的格式齐全,信中内容为书面语。非正式邀请信的格式不全,语句多为口语。2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供 A little boy invited his mother to the first parent meeting of his primary school.To his surprise,she said she would go.This would be the first time that his classmates and teachers met his mother.She was not a
32、 beautiful woman her scar.His mother told him there was the scar when she was born.根据短文内容完成下列各题2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供 At the meeting,other people were impressed by the kindness and natural looks of his mother,but the little boy felt embarrassed for his moms looks,and hid himself behind others.Just
33、 at that time,he heard the conversation between his mother and his teacher.“How did you get the scar on your face?”the teacher asked.2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供The mother replied,“When my son was a baby,his room caught fire one day.Everyone was too afraid to get into the room.I rushed into it in a minu
34、te.While I was running towards his bed,a beam fell down and I placed myself over him to protect him.I was knocked and I knew nothing.幸运的是,有人救了我们。”She touched the burned side of her face.“But I have never regretted doing what I did,”she added.2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供【词汇积累】scar伤疤impressed印象深刻的beam横梁pr
35、otect保护knock击中burn烧伤regret后悔tightly紧紧地1.在处填入一个恰当的词组使句意完整、上下文通顺:_2.判断句子正(T)误(F)The little boys mother often took part in the parent meeting.()because ofF2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供3.将处译成汉语_4.将处译成英语_5.What does the underlined word“hugged”mean in Chinese?（）A.非常痛恨 B.热烈地拥抱C.非常悲伤 D.排斥每个人都太害怕而不敢进入房间。Luckily,someone saved us.B返回返回
