1、Related Conception(相关概念相关概念)1.名词名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子作什么成分名词在句子作什么成分?名词在句中主要作名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语主语、宾语、表语和同位语。The boy is Li Ming.主语表语Miss.Liang,a 24-year-old girl,teaches us English.主语同位语 宾语 1.The boy is Li Ming.2.What he said is correct.(名词作主语名词作主语)从句作主语从句作主语 1.在句中充当主语的从句叫做在句中充当主
2、语的从句叫做主语从句主语从句。3.We love peace.4.He said that he has known all before.(名词作宾语名词作宾语)(从句作宾语从句作宾语)2.在句中在句中充当充当及物动词及物动词或或介词介词或或be+adj.后宾语的后宾语的从句从句叫做叫做宾语从句。宾语从句。We always mean what we say.我们向来说话算数。He goes to the library every day except when it is raining.He is confident that he will win.作动词的宾语作动词的宾语作介词的宾
3、语作介词的宾语作形容词的宾语作形容词的宾语某些表示心理状态的形容词在句中作表语时，某些表示心理状态的形容词在句中作表语时，后面可跟宾语从句。后面可跟宾语从句。5.You are a student.6.The fact is that she never knew the secret.(名词作表语名词作表语)(从句作表语从句作表语)3.在句中充当表语的从句在句中充当表语的从句(即放在即放在be动词后面动词后面)叫做叫做表语从句表语从句。7.Miss.Liang,a 24-year-old girl,teaches us English.8.The news that our team had
4、 won made us happy.(名词作同位语名词作同位语)(从句作同位语从句作同位语)4.在句中用作同位语的从句叫做在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句同位语从句.其用途是对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明其用途是对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明该名词的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词该名词的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常是通常是news,idea,fact,word,hope,advice等。等。在英语的句子结构中在英语的句子结构中，如果本该由名词充当的主语、如果本该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当由一个句子来充当，那么这，那么这个句子就叫个
5、句子就叫_。主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句请判断出以下的句子属于哪种从句：请判断出以下的句子属于哪种从句：1.What I want to do is to go shopping.2.The news that they won the game spread the whole school.3.I dont think that he is an honest boy.4.The fact is that he stole the car.判断从句的方法：判断从句的方法：一一 找引导词划从句找引导词划从句二二
6、找谓语动词找谓语动词三三 看从句在主句的位置看从句在主句的位置_(主语从句主语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)(宾语从句宾语从句)(表语从句表语从句)5.The problem is what we should do next.6.The news that he couldnt come makes us upset.7.Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.8.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?请判断出以下的句子属于哪种从句请判断出以下的句子属于哪种从句(表语从句表语从句)(同位语从句
7、同位语从句)(表语从句表语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处1 1、含义不同：同位语从句是对前面名词的解释说明，、含义不同：同位语从句是对前面名词的解释说明，知道具体内容，指同一件事可以划等号；定语从知道具体内容，指同一件事可以划等号；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词，不知道具体内容。句用来修饰、限定前面的名词，不知道具体内容。e.g.The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.从句说明从句说明“消息消息的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。的内容：我们队取得
8、了决赛胜利。The news that you told us is really encouraging.从句对从句对“消息加以限定：是你告诉我们的，消息加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。知。I.Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences说出以下从句的功能：说出以下从句的功能：A:Appositive同位同位语语;B:Attributive定语定语1.His proposal that we go there on foot is accep
9、table.2.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.4.Do you have any idea where we will be sent?5.Is this the company where your father works?6.This is the reason that he gave for his absence.7.He made an e
10、xcuse that his car broke down on the way.BBB连接副词连接副词4个：个：when、why、where、how引导词引导词附属连词附属连词3个：个：that、if、whether连接代词连接代词 9个：个：who、whom、what、which、whose、whoever whomever、whatever、whichever、1、If 只能引导两种名词性从句：宾语从句、不放于只能引导两种名词性从句：宾语从句、不放于句首的主语从句。句首的主语从句。Whether四种从句均可以引导。四种从句均可以引导。2、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语放在介词可以
11、引导从句作介词的宾语放在介词之后，不用之后，不用if。3、whether or not 连在一起可以，但连在一起可以，但if不可以。不可以。If与与whether的区别：的区别：1、I asked her _ she had a bike.we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.if/whethe
12、rWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhether请用请用if/whether填空：填空：连接代词连接代词名词性从句引导词的用法：名词性从句引导词的用法：“who-“谁、作主语、起连接作用谁、作主语、起连接作用“whom-“谁、作宾语、起连接作用谁、作宾语、起连接作用“what-“事情、作主表宾、起连接作用事情、作主表宾、起连接作用“whose-“谁的、作定语、起连接作用谁的、作定语、起连接作用“which-“哪哪-、作定语、起连接作用、作定语、起连接作用“who-“谁、作主语、起连接作用谁、作主语、起连接作用1、Who will go to the college is sti
13、ll uncertain.2、The trouble is who could lend me some money.3、He want to know who picked up his mobile phone.主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句1、Whom you will learn from is worth thinking over.2、The thing I am anxious about is whom he will turn to for help.3、His mother asked him whom he could believe in.“whom-
14、“谁、作宾语、起连接作用谁、作宾语、起连接作用主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句1、What I desire to get is a good reputation.2、What he will tell me is what I have been expecting to know.3、They agree with what I said just now.“what-“事情、作主表宾语、起连接作用事情、作主表宾语、起连接作用主语从句主语从句主语从句、表语从句主语从句、表语从句宾语从句宾语从句1、Which class is suitable for us isnt mo
15、st important.2、What he wants to ask you now is which team won the game.3、Could you tell me which one is right.“which-“哪哪-、作定语、起连接作用、作定语、起连接作用主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句1、Whose bag was the most beautiful is still unknown now.2、The question is whose friends could lend me a hand.3、I want to know whose sug
16、gestion is more practical.“whose-“谁的、作定语、起连接作用谁的、作定语、起连接作用主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句名词性从句引导词的用法：名词性从句引导词的用法：连接代词连接代词“whomever-“-的任何人、作宾语、的任何人、作宾语、“whoever-“-的任何人、作主语、的任何人、作主语、“whatever-“-的任何东西、作主表宾语、的任何东西、作主表宾语、“whichever-“无论哪个或哪些无论哪个或哪些-、作定、作定语、语、名词性从句引导词的用法：名词性从句引导词的用法：连接副词连接副词“why-“为什么、作状语、起连接作用为什么
17、、作状语、起连接作用“how-“如何、作状语、起连接作用如何、作状语、起连接作用“where-“什么地方、作状语、起连接作什么地方、作状语、起连接作用用“when-“什么时候、作状语、起连接作用什么时候、作状语、起连接作用“when-“什么时候、作状语、起连接作什么时候、作状语、起连接作用用1、When the meeting will begin isnt decided now.2、The trouble is when he could recover from the disease.3、He asked us when we would graduate from the schoo
18、l.主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句“where-“什么地方、作状语、起连接作什么地方、作状语、起连接作用用1、Where I could buy the book is uncertain now.2、His question was where we would hold the opening ceremony.3、I couldnt tell you where they have been living.主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句1、How the thief stole the bike is still a mystery.2、What th
19、e professor asked us was how we could make our parents happy.3、I will go to ask my teacher how I could work out the problem.“how-“如何、作状语、起连接作如何、作状语、起连接作用用主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句用用that/what填空：填空：1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _
20、we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A.That B.Why C.What D.How 2._well go camping t
21、omorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed country_the First World.A.Which;belong to B.As,belonged to C.What;belonging to D.It;belonging to名词性从句练习题：名词性从句练习题：4.Its known to us all _ a form of energy.A.what water is B.that water i
22、s C.is water D.that water to 5.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A that B.while C.what D.when6.What I say and think _ none of your business.A.is B.are C.has D have7._made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.A.What/because B.What/that C.That/what D.That/because8._she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What/why B.That/what C.What/because D.Why/that 9.He is absent from school.It is _ he was punished!A.why B.because C.that D.the reason
