1、Noun clauses As The Object 名词性从句名词性从句 宾语从句宾语从句英语句子的种类简单句 (simple sentence)并列句并列句(compound sentence)复合句复合句(complex sentence)简单句的五种简单句的五种基本基本句型句型The weather is very cold.主语主语+谓语（连系动词）谓语（连系动词）+表语表语He laughed.主语主语+谓语（谓语（vi.）I like Chinese food.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+宾语宾语She taught them physics.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+间接
2、宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语We must keep the room warm.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 1.Youd better start early,or you will be late.2.Jim studied hard all the time,and he passed the exam scuccessfully.3.I know where he lives,but I dont know the exact address.4.I have never heard of the book,so I know nothing abo
3、ut it.并列句并列句:简单句简单句+andorbutso+简单句简单句复合句复合句:主句主句+从句从句 名词名词性从句性从句 定语从句定语从句 状语从句状语从句1.The boy who is standing over there is Tom2.Because it is raining,we have to stay at home 定语从句定语从句 状语从句状语从句3.I know(that)he is from America(宾语从句）宾语从句）名词名词性从句性从句-在功能上相当于名词在功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能担在复合句中能担任任主语、宾语、表语、同位语主语、宾语、表语、
4、同位语等等主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句名词名词性从句性从句名词性从句：名词性从句：Object Clauses宾语从句宾语从句一、宾语从句常见的类型：一、宾语从句常见的类型：动词的宾语从句动词的宾语从句介词的宾语从句介词的宾语从句 形容词的宾语从句形容词的宾语从句 e.g.I hear(that)he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.e.g.I am afraid(that)Ive made a mistakee.g.Did she say anything about how we should do the work?二、宾
5、语从句的四种结构二、宾语从句的四种结构1.主句主句+that+从句从句2.主句主句+if/whether+从句从句3.主句主句+what等疑问词等疑问词+从句从句 4，动词，动词+it+形容词形容词或或惯用搭配惯用搭配+that从句从句1)I hear he will be back in a month.2)Everybody could see what happened and Tom was frightened.3)I know nothing about him except he is living in Beijing.4)We made it clear we would n
6、ot give in.注意：注意：1.and连接两个宾语连接两个宾语,that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 放在放在 and后后时不能省略时不能省略 2.当当that作介词作介词 except,in 等的等的宾语时宾语时 3.用用it做形式宾语做形式宾语的宾语从句时的宾语从句时,例如：例如：think,find,consider+it+that从句从句1.that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句thatthat thatthat比较比较在定语从句中的用法。There are some films(that)Id like to see.She is the only one among us th
7、at knows French.结论:that 在引导定语从句时引导定语从句时,指事物,也可指人,在从句中作主语或宾语作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。itit常可以放在动词常可以放在动词think,find,think,find,consider,believe,feel,makeconsider,believe,feel,make等后作为等后作为形式宾语形式宾语.动词动词+it+形容词形容词或或名词名词+that从句从句 e.g.We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he shoul
8、d finish the work in two days.I dont know if/whether she is from Japan.I doubt if/whether she lives in Beijing.1、Does she live in Beijing?I doubt2、Is she from Japan?I dont know合并句子合并句子2.if/whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句关于关于doubt 肯定句中肯定句中doubt后跟后跟if/whether，否定句中，否定句中doubt后面跟后面跟that.sb.doubts if/whether.sb.doe
9、snt doubt that.There is no doubt that.(毫无疑问）毫无疑问）There is some doubt whether._It is doubtful _he is coming.whether/if I dont know_ or not youll go.He doesnt know _ to visit that old man again.Im interested in _ hell go or not._ he lives there,I want to know.We discuss _ we should close the store.whe
10、therWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether后面有后面有or not后面跟不定式时后面跟不定式时宾从在介词后宾从在介词后当宾语从句置于句首时当宾语从句置于句首时在动词在动词discuss之后之后1.He asked_ could answer the question.2.Do you know_ well have a meeting?3.Can you tell me _ I can get to the station?4.Could you tell me _ the train is late?3.what,who,which等疑问词与等疑问词与“疑问词疑问词+e
11、ver”等引导的宾语从句等引导的宾语从句whowhen/wherehowwhy1，What 在宾语从句中充当_ 表示 _.Can you tell me whats the matter?what it is？what you mean?主语、宾语或主语、宾语或 表语表语 的（人的（人,事事,话，样子等）话，样子等）另：另：what 不引导定语从句不引导定语从句1.Who should I give the prize to？To _ can work out the problem Awhoever BWhoCno matter who DWhomever注意注意:1.who只有它本身的疑问
12、含义只有它本身的疑问含义“谁谁”，whoever相当于相当于anyone who 2.wh+ever=no matter wh No matter what he says,I wont be angry.Whatever he says,I wont be angry.A2.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.what 1.whatever引导名词性从句时相当于引导名词性从句时相当于anything that，表示表示“无论
13、什么无论什么”，而而what表示表示“的话的话（东西、人东西、人、时间、地点、速度等、时间、地点、速度等）”。2.Whatever属于泛指属于泛指；whichever表示表示“无论哪一个无论哪一个、无论哪些、无论哪些”,表示在一定范围内的人或事物表示在一定范围内的人或事物,属于特指属于特指。注意注意:B3.Mary hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.who B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 4.注意：宾语从句可能来源于感叹句。e.g.1.She never knew what a w
14、armhearted man he was.2.You cant image how hard the mother worked in order to support the family.1.When will she go to the library?Her brother asks.Her brother asks when she will go to the library.B)Her brother asks when will she go to the library.三三宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序 主句主句+连接词连接词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）I
15、s he a student?Who is he?I dont know _who he is.Whose son is he?whose son he is.What does he do in the street?what he does in.why he is alone.Why is he alone?If/whether he is a student.Whats wrong?Whats the matter?What has happened?Who is in the classroom?Which is the way to the station?一些特殊疑问词如一些特殊
16、疑问词如what,who等等在宾语从句中在宾语从句中作主语作主语时，时，语序不变语序不变：2)Can you tell me _?Whats wrong?Whats the matter?What has happened?Who is in the classroom?Which is the way to?否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等等，而而主句的主语主句的主语是第一人称时，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，是第一人称时，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一一般要把否定词转移到主
17、句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。I dont think you are right.我认为你是错的。我认为你是错的。1)I know that he_(live)here .2)Tom is upset now,and I am going to tell you what _(happen)to him.四、宾语从句的四、宾语从句的1.主句用主句用现在时现在时或或将来时将来时，从句可用任何时态，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。根据实际情况而定。liveshas happened2 2.如果如果主句是过去主句是过去的时态的时态,宾语从句必须用宾语
18、从句必须用过去过去的某一种时态的某一种时态1)He asked whether his father_ (come)back tomorrow.2)He said that he _(see)it.would comehad seenHe told me the earth _(move)around the sun.3.从句说明的是从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现一般真理、客观事实、自然现象象时，时，仍用仍用一般现在时一般现在时。moves The teacher told me she _(be)The teacher told me she _(be)born born in 19
19、60in 1960.I heard that she _(go)I heard that she _(go)to Paris to Paris last last night.night.4.从句中有从句中有具体时间状语具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时一般过去时。wentwas1.Mike insisted that we _(be)late for school.2.The doctor ordered that she _(stay)in bed for a few days.(should)not be (should)sta
20、y 注意：注意：在下列动词接在下列动词接that从句中用从句中用“should+动原动原”一个一个“坚持坚持”insist（坚持要）（坚持要）两个两个“命令命令”command,order(命令）命令）三个三个“建议建议”suggest,propose,advise四个四个“要求要求”request,ask,demand,require1 1由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导引导3 3由由who,what where,how,why,when引导引导2 2由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导引导Summary:三、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）二、宾语从句的四种结构二、宾语从句的
21、四种结构一、宾语从句常见的类型一、宾语从句常见的类型语语 序序时时 态态4动词动词+it+形容词形容词或或惯用搭配惯用搭配+that从句从句1.)I dont know _ he will come tomorrow._ he comes,I will tell you A.If；whether B.whether;whether C.if;That D.if;If D2.These wild flowers are so special,I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever3.Hurry u
22、p!Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.-Oh!I thought they without me Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad goneAD4.)I think its going to be a big problem.Yes,it could be.I wonder we can do about it.Aif Bhow Cwhat DThat5.)_be sent to work there?AWho do you suggest BWho do you suggest that
23、should CDo you suggest who should DDo you suggest whom shouldCA6.Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge,I cant remember _.Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 7.The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enoughA.where B.how C.what D.which 1.很多人说金钱是万能的，他们认为金钱能买到我们所需要的任何东西。Many people
24、say money is everything，and they believe that we can buy whatever we need with money.2.那我不禁要问难道金钱也能买来健康 幸福 快乐吗？A)I do ask“Can money buy happiness and health?”B)I do wonder if money can buy happiness and health.3.因此我认为金钱不是万能的。so I dont think money is everything!书面表达书面表达 很多人说金钱是万能的，他们认为金钱能买到我们所需要的任何东西
25、。那我不禁要问难道金钱也能买来健康 幸福 快乐吗？当我们不高兴的时候，再多的钱也不能使这段时间迅速过去。我们也许非常有钱，但我们不能把已逝的时间买回来。因此我认为金钱不是万能的。3.当我们不高兴的时候，再多的钱也不能使这段时间迅速过去。When we are unhappy,money cannot make the unhappy time pass away more quickly.4.我们也许非常有钱，但我们不能把已逝的时间买回来。We may be rich,but our money cant bring back our lost time。Many people say that money is everything，because they say we can buy whatever we need with money.I wonder whether it can buy happiness,health.when we are unhappy,money cannot make the unhappy time pass away more quickly.We may be rich,but our money cant bring back our lost time So I dont think money is everything!
