1、Unit2 Unit2 ENGLISHENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD(Period 1)Lets discover more about English!Statue of Liberty Big Ben warming up pre-reading Small survey Guess the national flags of different countries,and find out the languages spoken in these countries.Great Britain AustraliaCanada IndiaIrelandNew Zeala
2、ndSouth AfricaThe U.S.A.The U.S.A.SingaporeEnglish speaking countriesU.K.U.S.A.CanadaAustraliaNew ZealandIrelandReading Do all the English speakers only speak one kind of English?Five kinds of English in the worldCanadian EnglishBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishAustralian English Indian EnglishBritish
3、 English&American English the ground floor the first floor the first floor the second floor the second floor the third floor the third floor the forth floorapartmentsubwayelevatorerasermomgasliftpetrolrubbermumflatundergroundAm.E V.S.Br.EAm.E V.S.Br.EMain differencesBr.EBr.EAm.EAm.Espellingpronuncia
4、tionvocabularycolourcolormetre metertravelledtraveledautumn,fall,post,mail,petrol,gas,film,movie,shop,store,I thinkI guessdance;not;neither;either;Questions:1.With your partner,list the countries that use English as an official language.2.Which country do you think has the most English learners?3.Lo
5、ok at the title of the following passage and guess what it is about.Then read it quickly and see if you are right.Pre-readingSuggested answer:1.America,Britain,Canada,Australia,New Zealand,Singapore,Philippines,India2.For those that speak English as their first language the USA or India must have th
6、e largest number of native speakers as they have the largest populations.For those who learn English as their first foreign language China must have the largest number as it has the largest population.The road to modern EnglishThe roadModern Englishthe development of English language What kind of En
7、glish before Modern English?3.Guess according to the title.TTTMain ideasPara.1:Para.2:Para.3:Para.4:More and more people speak English.The first sentence in paragraph Two.The second sentence in paragraph Three.The number of the English speaking people is increasing.The road to modern EnglishAD 450-1
8、150 The English was spoken in England.It was based more on _than the English we speak at present.AD 800-1150 Because the people who _ England spoke first Danish and later French,English became _ like German.In the 1600s _ made use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 Some British settlers
9、moved to _.In the 18th centurySome British people were taken to _.1765-1947English was spoken in India as well as in Africa and Asia.It became the language for _ and education in India.By the 19th century The English language was settled.Two big changes:Samuel Johnson wrote his _.Noah Webster wrote
10、_ and gave a separate identity to _ English spelling.Now English is spoken in _,_,_,_ _and so on.German ruled less American Australia AmericanThe American Dictionary of the English Languagedictionary government SingaporeChina MalaysiaIndia Shakespeare South Africa1.Why do you think people all over t
11、he world want to learn English?2.Why do you think more people in the world now want to learn Chinese?3.Will Chinese become one of the world languages in the future?Give your reasons.Unit 2Language points for reading1.at the end of2.nearly all of them3.make voyages to4.because of.5.than ever before6.
12、native language first language mother tongue7.even if/even though8.the same kind e municate with在在的尽头，在的尽头，在末尾末尾几乎他们全部都几乎他们全部都航海航海因为因为比以往任何时候都比以往任何时候都母语母语即使即使相同种类的相同种类的走近，上来，提出走近，上来，提出和和交流交流11.at first12.be different from13.be based on14.more than15.at present16.be able to17.make use of18.a number o
13、f19.the number of20.in fact首先，起初首先，起初和和不同不同以以为基础为基础多于，超过多于，超过目前，现在目前，现在能能利用利用许多，大量许多，大量的数量的数量actually 事实上，实际上事实上，实际上1.Nearly all of them lived in England.nearly 与与 almost 用法明辨：用法明辨：(1)在肯定句中,两者可通用 He is almost/nearly 80 years old.She fell and almost/nearly broke her neck.I almost/nearly always go to
14、bed at eleven.(2)almost可用在一些含否定意义的词前面，如none，nobody，nothing，never，no one等，表示“几乎或简直(没有)”，而nearly不能。He has almost nothing to do today.There is almost none left.（3）只用nearly的场合。a.被 very,not,pretty等修饰时。b.和具体数字连用时（nearly常用）。Nearly 100 students attended the meeting.I am very nearly ready.nearlynearly or or
15、almostalmost1他们中间几乎没有一个人有小汽车。_ none of them has a car2他们吃晚饭几乎总是喝咖啡。They _ always have coffee for supper3这远远不像你所想的那么容易。It is not _ so easy as you think4几乎没有人出席会议。_ nobody attended the meeting5我以前几乎从未看见过她。I have _ never seen her before Almost almostnearly nearly Almost almost2.because&because of 因为你的关
16、心，我发现生活充满了希望。1）Because you are concerned about me,I find that life is full of hope.2）Because of your concern,I find that life is full of hope.因为雨下得很大，那个男孩穿过树林回家了。1）Because it rained heavily,the boy went back home through the woods.2）Because of the heavy rain,the boy went back home through the woods.
17、3.than ever before 比以往任何时候更 than ever before 副词副词 ever 与比较级和最与比较级和最高级连用，用来加强语气，意为高级连用，用来加强语气，意为“比以往任比以往任何时候更何时候更”。Youll speak English better than ever before.Jane looks much prettier than ever before.4.Native English speaker can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.
18、even if=even though“即使即使”，用来引导一个让步状，用来引导一个让步状语从句，后面既可以用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，但语从句，后面既可以用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，但是是even if/though 引导的从句不用将来时。引导的从句不用将来时。Even if it rains tomorrow,we will leave for Beijing.用if,as if,even if填空（1）_ I had money,I wouldnt buy it.(2)_ I had money,I would buy it.(3)It looks _ it is going to ra
19、in.(even if 引导让步状语从句；if 引导条件状语从句；as if/though“似乎是”,引导方式状语从句。.A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.Your question came up at the meeting.5.Would you please come up to my flat for a visit?走近，上来升起被提出讨论1)Shes busy at present and
20、cant speak to you.她现在很忙，不能跟你谈话。她现在很忙，不能跟你谈话。目前你是目前你是13中的学生。中的学生。6.at present:2)At present you are a student of No.13 middle school.7.present:1)adj.当前的当前的,现在的现在的(作前置定语作前置定语)Did you see the present national leaders?Can you tell us something about the present situation?2)adj.出席的出席的,在场的在场的(作表语或后置定语作表语或后
21、置定语)Our teacher was present at the meeting.Al the people present agree to my plan.3)n.目前目前,现在现在;礼物礼物I cant spare time because I am busy at present.What present did you receive from your parents?4)vt.赠与赠与,赠给予赠给予present sth.to/with sbMother presented a gift to me just now.8.such as&for example such as
22、（T or F）I have three good friends,such as John,Jack and Tom.for example:He can speak four languages such as English and French.Ball games,for example,have spread around the world.用用such as,for example,namely 填空填空(1)Students,_ Tom and Mary,should be learnt from.(2)ear something simple,_ a skirt and b
23、louse.(宽松的上衣宽松的上衣)(3)He knows six languages,_ Chinese French,English,Spanish,Russian and Portuguese.such as for examplenamely 9.the number of/a number of9.the number of/a number ofthe number of“.的数目的数目“，后接可数名词复数，后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用单数。，作主语时谓语动词用单数。The number of undergraduates has increased over the ye
24、ars.The number of people has reached 50.a number of 许多许多 大量大量 后接复数名词，此短语加复数后接复数名词，此短语加复数名词在句中做主语时，谓语动词用复数。名词在句中做主语时，谓语动词用复数。（a great number of/a large number of/a small number of）A number of teachers are on leave.There are a number of students in the picture.The number of people invited_ fifty,but a
25、 number of them _absent for different reasons.A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were1.petrol2.voyage3.gradually4.frequently5.identity6.the latter7.actually8.fluentA.who or what sb.or sth.isB.a word for gas in British EnglishC.not suddenD.in factE.the second of two thing or people already mengti
26、onedF.oftenG.long trip by sea or in spaceH.able to speak or write a language wellIt is not easy for Chinese person to speak English asas a English speaker.One reason is that English has a large.It also has different usage in different English speaking countries.If you use“flat”instead of people in A
27、merican will know you have learned British English.If you use the word instead of“lift”in Britain,people will know you have studied American English.fluentlynativevocabularyapartmentelevatorcome upsuch asAt presentBecause ofmake use ofListening on P48Look at the map showing some of the places in the
28、 world where English is spoken as an official language and guess what you will hear in the tape?Location,climate,people,custom,history,places of interest,and so on.The name of each speakers countrySpeaker 1 is from.Speaker 2 is from.Speaker 3 is from.Speaker 4 is from.IndiaIrelandIrelandPhilippinesS
29、ingapore.Whats the population of India?.Is the old language spoken very widely in Ireland?.How many islands are there in Philippines?who had ruled these islands?.Where is the country?Is it rich or poor?Its more than a billion people.No,the old language is spoken in only a few villages.More than 7,00
30、0 islands.Spanish&American.A rich small country in southeast Asia.S1:I live in South Asia.My country is thousand of years old and now has more than a billion people.Unlike many other countries,our people speak a lot of languages.So we use English,which we got from British rulers hundreds of years ag
31、o.Of course,we have our own way of using English.Listening textS2:Well,I live on a huge green island in western Europe.hundreds of years age my people spoke a very different language from English.Then the British rulers came.Now the old language is spoken in only a few villages in the western part o
32、f my country.Listening textS3:My country has more than 7,000islands.Some of them are very large but most of them are quite small.Hundreds of years ago the Spanish rulers changed the way we live.Much later the American rulers taught their own kind of English in our school.Nowadays,we speak a kind of
33、English but is mostly our own.Listening textS4:My country is very small.In fact,its really a city.It is in southeast Asia and is very rich.People come from all over Asia to do business here.Today,you can hear our kind of English spoken everywhere in the city and on many ships that come here.Listenin
34、g text1.at the end of2.nearly all of them3.make voyages to4.because of.5.than ever before6.native language first language mother tongue7.even if/even though8.the same kind e municate with在在的尽头，在的尽头，在末尾末尾几乎他们全部都几乎他们全部都航海航海因为因为比以往任何时候都比以往任何时候都母语母语即使即使相同种类的相同种类的走近，上来，提出走近，上来，提出和和交流交流11.at first12.be di
35、fferent from13.be based on14.more than15.at present16.be able to17.make use of18.a number of19.the number of20.in fact首先，起初首先，起初和和不同不同以以为基础为基础多于，超过多于，超过目前，现在目前，现在能能利用利用许多，大量许多，大量的数量的数量actually 事实上，实际上事实上，实际上English around the worldUsing languageUnit 2Standard English and Dialects1.China is a very bi
36、g country where different dialects are spoken.Can you list some of them?2.Is there anybody who can speak a dialect from other place?Pre-readingBeijingTianjinShanghaiChongqingGuangzhoustandard 标准标准,规格规格dialect 方言方言southern 南部的南部的midwestern 中西部的中西部的Spanish 西班牙的西班牙的play a part 扮演一个角色扮演一个角色 eastern 东部的东
37、部的northwestern 西北方的西北方的recognize 辨认出辨认出,认出认出New words1.Whats the standard English?what is the dialect？Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English.When people used words and expressions different from the“standard language”,it is called a dialect.2.What plays a part
38、 in making dialects.3.Can you tell an interesting or funny story that shows great difference between dialects in Chinese/English?People from different parts of the world and geography also plays a part in making dialects.I m sorry 小张在公交车上不小心踏了老外的脚，心小张在公交车上不小心踏了老外的脚，心想咱不能给中国人丢脸，于是卯足了劲说了想咱不能给中国人丢脸，于是卯
39、足了劲说了句英文：句英文：“Im sorry.”老外一想：在人家国土上咱不能不礼貌。老外一想：在人家国土上咱不能不礼貌。于是忙点头道：于是忙点头道：“Im sorry too.”小张一听急了：以为我不会数数？咬牙小张一听急了：以为我不会数数？咬牙道：道：“Im sorry three.”老外大惑不解：老外大惑不解：“what are you sorry for？”小张心想好啊小张心想好啊连连FOUR也出来了，老也出来了，老子和你拼了子和你拼了:“Im sorry five!”Fun time1.Whats standard English?什么是标准英语什么是标准英语?standard (n.
40、)标准标准,规格规格 (adj.)标准的标准的 meet standard 符合标准符合标准 standard of living 生活水平生活水平 on a standard 根据某一标准根据某一标准focus2.Believe it or not,theres no such a thing as standard English.信不信由你信不信由你,世界上没有所谓的标准英世界上没有所谓的标准英语语。believe it or not 信不信由你信不信由你 Believe it or not,all the people have agreed to the plan.focus3.Ho
41、wever,even on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.然而然而,甚至在电视上或收音机里都会甚至在电视上或收音机里都会听到人们在说话时的差异。听到人们在说话时的差异。the way后面接定语从句时后面接定语从句时,关系代词关系代词用用that/in which或不用关系代词。或不用关系代词。I did it in the way that/in which you taught me.focusI dont like_ you speak to her.A.the wayB.the way
42、 in thatC.the way whichD.the way of which4.America English has many dialects,especially the midwestern,southern,African American and Spanish dialects.美国英语有很多方言美国英语有很多方言,尤其是在中西尤其是在中西部部,南部南部,黑人和西班牙方言。黑人和西班牙方言。5.Geography also plays a part in making dialects.地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。play a(adj.)pa
43、rt 扮演扮演角色角色,起起作用作用 She play a leading part in the play.6.Although many America move a lot,they still recognize each others dialects.虽然许多美国人经常搬家虽然许多美国人经常搬家,但他们但他们仍然能够辨认彼此的方言。仍然能够辨认彼此的方言。recognize 辨认辨认,认出认出(pick out)recognize sth./sb.as sth./sb.把把认作认作 Drugs were not recognized as a problem then.The Ox
44、ford English DictionaryReading task on P51Do you know who is the writer of The Oxford English Dictionary?James Murray,Samuel Johnson,and Noah Webster.James MurrayNoah Webster Samuel JohnsonvWhy was English dictionary invented?vWhich is the largest dictionary in the world?vWho did the most of the imp
45、ortant early work on dictionaries?Simple questionsNote on James Murrays lifeCountryEducation Job Most important taskIt difficulties:Qualities needed:Who worked on itDate of completionOther informationNotes on James Murrays lifeCountryBorn in ScotlandEducationNo formal education;taught himself while
46、workingMost important taskCompiling the first edition of the OEDIts difficulties:1.worked in a shed in his garden and behind his house2.very cold as it was one meter underground3.no heating;he had to wear a coat and put his feet in a box to keep warm4.no electric light;he worked at night with candle
47、sQualities needed:1)commitment 2)perseverance 3)accuracyWho worked on itAt first just James Murray;later his two daughters;finished by other editors after his deathDate of completion1928Other informationFirst edition took forty-four years to compile1.So dictionaries were invented to encourage everyb
48、ody to spell the same.2.In fact,an English dictionary like the kind you use today was not made until the time of the Qing Dynasty.Language points3.These men spent nearly all of their lives trying to collect words for their dictionaries.4.The largest dictionary in the world is the Oxford English Dict
49、ionary,or OED for short.Language points5.At the age of fourteen,he left his village school in Scotland and taught himself while working in a bank.6.He worked on the dictionary until he was very old.Language pointsCommand and Request Grammar Wash the clothes!Please wash the clothes!Would you please w
50、ash the clothes?not polite politevery politePlease change the direct speechinto indirect speech 1.He said,“Im going to Beijing tomorrow.He said he was going to Beijing the next day.2.“What a lovely girl!”they said.They said she was a lovely girl.Test ourselves 3.He asked,“Are you a teacher?”4.“This
