1、Unit 4 Films and film eventsUnit 4 Films and film events Grammar and usage Grammar and usage （强调句）（强调句）助形副介感倒助形副介感倒7 7(一个助手形象很富有，这一个助手形象很富有，这“介介”让人感到很奇怪让人感到很奇怪)强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式 1.用助动词用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原）动词原形形”来表示强调：来表示强调：He does know the place well 他的确
2、很熟悉这个地方。他的确很熟悉这个地方。Do write to me when you get there 你到那儿后务必给我来信。你到那儿后务必给我来信。2.用形容词用形容词very，only，single，such等修等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：饰名词或形容词来加强语气：1.Thats the very textbook we used last term.这正是我们上学期用过的教材。这正是我们上学期用过的教材。2.You are the only person here who can speak Chinese.你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。3.Not a sin
3、gle person has been in the shop this morning.今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。4.How dare you buy such expensive jewels?你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？3.用用ever，never，very，just等副词进行等副词进行强调：强调：1.Why ever did you do so？你究竟为什么要这么做？你究竟为什么要这么做？2.He never said a word the whole day 一整天，他一句话也没说。一整天，他一句话也没说。3.Youv
4、e got to be very,very careful 你一定得非常、非常小心。你一定得非常、非常小心。4.This is just what I wanted 这正是我所要的。这正是我所要的。4.用用in the world，on earth，at all等介词等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：句）：Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？他到底会在哪儿？What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？它究竟是什么？Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？你到底知不知道？5.用感叹句来
5、表示强烈的感情，突出说用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：话人的情感：How interesting a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！Oh,what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！啊，真是弥天大谎！6.用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：On the table were some flowers.桌上摆着一些花。桌上摆着一些花。(强调地点强调地点)Many a time have I climbed that hill 我多次翻过那座山。我多
6、次翻过那座山。Only in this way,can we solve this problem 只有这样只有这样,我们才能解决这个问题。我们才能解决这个问题。7.It is/was that/who用来强调一个句用来强调一个句子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。I bought this car in that shop last month.(原始句原始句)1.It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month.(强调主语强调主语)2.It was this car that I bought in
7、that shop last month.(强调宾语强调宾语)3.It was in that shop that I bought this car last month.(强调地点状语强调地点状语)4.It was last month that I bought this car in that shop.(强调时间状语强调时间状语)It was we that/who elected him monitor at the class meeting yesterday.（强调主语）强调主语）It was him that/whom we elected monitor at the c
8、lass meeting yesterday.（强调宾语）强调宾语）It was monitor that we elected him at the class meeting yesterday.（强调宾补）强调宾补）It was at the class meeting that we elected him monitor yesterday.（强调地点状语）强调地点状语）一，基本结构：一，基本结构：It is(was)+被强调部分被强调部分+that（强调部分是人时也可用强调部分是人时也可用who/whom）+其他成分其他成分Eg:We elected him monitor at
9、the class meeting yesterday.主主 宾宾 宾补宾补 地状地状 时状时状二二、强调句型的判断、强调句型的判断 把把“It,be，that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整（被强调部分要还原到原位置），那么这个句子就是强整（被强调部分要还原到原位置），那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。如：调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。如：（1）It is he who/that often helps me with my English.It is on the hillside that we plant trees eve
10、ry year.It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off.(Shanghai 2003,spring)分析：分析：去掉去掉It is/was.that/who 句子后结构仍然完整，句子后结构仍然完整，句意仍明确，都是句意仍明确，都是强调句。强调句。It was 9 oclock when we came back 我们回来时是九点钟。我们回来时是九点钟。It was 3 hours since we had come back It was 3 hours since we had come
11、back 我们回来已三个小时了。我们回来已三个小时了。分析：分析：在上面例句中若去掉在上面例句中若去掉It was.when/before/since等后，句子结构就不完整，所以不是等后，句子结构就不完整，所以不是强调句。强调句。2）It was at the theatre _ Lincoln was murdered.It was the theatre _ Lincoln was murdered.A.which B.that C.whereD.the oneCB It was our teacher _did the experiment in the lab last night.A
12、.whom B.that C.which D.where It was ten years ago_ Miss Gao returned to China.A.that B.when C.since D.as It was _ he said _disappointed me。A.what;that B.that;that C.what;what D.that;what It was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.(Shanghai 2001,sprin
13、g)A.which B.why C.that D.howBAAC三、强调句型几注意三、强调句型几注意 首先，我们按强调句的语序来总结强调句的五项注意：首先，我们按强调句的语序来总结强调句的五项注意：1.句首词用句首词用“It”，不能用不能用“This”，“That”等。等。2.be动词的形式是动词的形式是is或或was，不能用复数形式不能用复数形式are或或were。若原句的谓语动词用了现在时或将来时，则用若原句的谓语动词用了现在时或将来时，则用is;若原句若原句 的谓语动词用了过去时或过去完成时，则用的谓语动词用了过去时或过去完成时，则用was.Eg:（3)It_the Chinese wo
14、men that_a great role in the socialist construction.A is;plays B are;play C is;play D are;plays（4)_all these exercises_all of us can do tomorrow.A It is;that B It was;that C They are;which D It will be;that 3.被强调的部分如果是代词，强调主语用主格，强调宾语被强调的部分如果是代词，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。如：用宾格。如：（5）It is him that/who/whom I me
15、t in the street yesterday.（6）It is I who/that am wrong.CA4.4.连接词一般用that，当强调部分是人时，既可用thatthat也可用whowho.特别注意当强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时，不能用whenwhen或wherewhere。Eg:Eg:（7 7）It wasIt was on Oct 1st,1949 on Oct 1st,1949 thatthat People Peoples s Republic of China was founded.Republic of China was founded.It was at th
16、e gate _ he told me the news.(MET88)A.that B.what C.which D.when 5.5.主谓一致问题主谓一致问题 被强调的主语要和被强调的主语要和 thatthat后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。（8）It is Mary who often_(help)me with my English.（9）It is I that _(be)against you.（11）It is Mr Green,together with his wife and children,that _in China now.A are B
17、 is C was D were (12)It was neither you nor he that_to blame for the mistake.AhelpsamareBC6.not until 结构的强调：结构的强调：强调“notuntil”引导的时间状语时，要用“it is/was not untilthat”结构,，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序。Eg:(13)We did not get off the bus until it stopped.It was not until it stopped that we got off the bus.(注意注意：强
18、调该结构时：强调该结构时not until不能分开不能分开)(14)It was not until 1920_ regular radio broadcast began.(NMET95)A.while B.which C.that D.since(C)(15)It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.1992 A.when;thatB.until;that C.until;whenD.when;thenB(16)It was _ back home after the
19、 experiment.A.not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didnt go C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didnt go C（17）It was not until _ that _ to prepare his lessons.(Shanghai91)A.did his father come in;the boy beganB.his father came in;the boy beganC.did his father
20、come in;did the boy beginD.his father came in did the boy beginBD 7.疑问句的强调结构：疑问句的强调结构：一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Is/Was+it+that+句子的其他部分（陈述语句子的其他部分（陈述语序）。简单的答语为：序）。简单的答语为：“Yes,it is/was.”或或“No,it isnt/wasnt.”(19)-Was_that I saw last night at the concert?(Shanghai97)-No,it wasnt.A.it you B.not you C.you D.that yours
21、elf (20)-Wasnt it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?-_.(Shanghai96)A.I didnt know he was.B.Yes,it was.C.No,he wasnt.D.Yes,he did.ABDEg:Where did you see her cellphone yesterday?Where was it that you saw her cellphone yesterday?（强调特殊疑问词强调特殊疑问词where）8.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+句子的其他部分（陈述语序
22、）。句子的其他部分（陈述语序）。How will you go to visit her tomorrow?How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?（强调特殊强调特殊疑问词疑问词how）(22)I really dont know _I had my money stolen.A where is it that B when it is that C where it was that D it was where thatC (23)_ find my wallet,Tom?A.Where did you that B.Where
23、was it you C.Where have you D.Where was it that youD(24).Where was it _ you found the lost child?A.who B.that C.which D.whatB9.从句的强调：从句的强调：（25）I came home late because it was raining hard.It was because it was raining hard that I came home late.(强调状语从句强调状语从句)（注意：注意：被强调的原因状语从句只能用被强调的原因状语从句只能用because引
24、导，不能引导，不能用用as或或since引导引导)(26)What you said really made us sad.It was what you said that really made us sad.(强调主语从句强调主语从句)(28).It was only when I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty。A.until B.that C.then D.so(29)_the people _have become the masters of their country_science
25、can really serve the people.A.It is only when;that;where B They are;/;when C.It is only when;/;that D It was when;that;thenCB(27)It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _attracted the audiences interestA.so that B.that C.what D.in whichB 10.强调时间状语和地点状语时与定语从句的区别：强调时间状语和地点状语时与定语从句的
26、区别：（30）It was in 1921 that our Party was founded.(强调句式强调句式)（31）It was 1921 when our Party was founded.(定语从句定语从句)(32)It was on the farm that we practised planting crops.=We practised planting crops on the farm.(33)It was the farm where we learned a lot.(34)It was at the street corner that I met Lucy
27、yesterday.=I met Lucy at the street corner yesterday (35)It was the street corner where I met Lucy yesterday.(36)Was it in this palace _ the last emperor died?(MET88)A.that B.in which C.in where D.whichA 11.强调句型与主语从句的区别：强调句型与主语从句的区别：强调句型可以还原成正常语序的句子，也就是说，强调句型中去掉It be that后，句子仍然通顺，意义也依然完整，只是没有那么强调突出。
28、而含主语从句的复合句中的it是指示代词，后面多为系表结构或被动语态。如果去掉It bethat，句子就不通顺了。如：It was in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris that they did the experiment.（=They did the experiment in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris.）It is certain that he is honest and modest.很显然，他是诚实而谦虚的。很显然，他是诚实而谦虚的。It i
29、s known to all that paper was made first in China.众所周知，纸是中国人最早制造出来的。众所周知，纸是中国人最早制造出来的。3.It was _ the next morning that I began to think about where I was going.A.before B.after C.when D.not until4.It _ her brother _ she will borrow the money.A.is fromthat B.is fromwho C.iswhom D.isthatDA5.It _ on th
30、e telephone that I spoke to my wife in New Zealand.A.is B.was C.are D.were6.It was John _ bought a new ring for Lily yesterday afternoon.A.therefore B.who C.which D.so thatBB7 7 It was last year _ you taught me how to drive.A.when B.that C.where D.which8 It was in the factory_ produced TV sets _ our
31、 friend was murdered.A.which/which B.that/which C.that/that D.where/thatBC9.It was with great care _ they did the job.A.where B.when C.that D.whoC1.Is it _ who wants to see you?A.him B.he C.his D.himself2.It was _ who respected all their teachers.A.them B.their C.they D.themselves3.-What is Mary?-Wa
32、s it _that you were referred to?A.he B.she C.her D.they强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择它的主格或宾格形式它的主格或宾格形式 1.It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.A.was B.are C.were D.had been2.It _ at Christmas that John Smith gave Mary a handbag.A.must have B.will be C.might have bee
33、n D.may have had注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性 1._ electricity plays an important part in our daily life?A.Why was it that B.Why is it that C.Why is it D.Why it is that2.Who was it _ wanted to see me just now?A.that B.who C.when D.when3._ you met the foreigner from Canada?A.Where it was that
34、 B.Who it was that C.Where was it that D.Where was that强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构与特殊疑问句句型相与特殊疑问句句型相 同，即：同，即：“疑问词疑问词 +一般疑问句一般疑问句”4.It was not until late in the evening _ her husband arrived home.A.which B.when C.that D.how5.It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.
35、A.which B.when C.that D.since6.It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;then7.It was through Jack _ Mary got to know Bob.A.who B.whom C.how D.that8.It was on October 1st 1949 _ new China was founded.A.which B.when
36、C.as D.that9.Was it in this palace _ the last emperor died?A.that B.in which C.in where D.which10.It was the school gate _ I met an old friend of mine after class.A.that B.which C.where D.why强调部分为介词短语时，表示时间或地点时，强调部分为介词短语时，表示时间或地点时，应注意与定语从句的区别应注意与定语从句的区别 体验新课改体验新课改1.It was _he said_disappointed me.A.
37、whatthat B.thatthat C.Whatwhat D.thatwhat2.It_Mary and Mike who helped the old man yesterday.A.was B.were C.are D.had been 3.It was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village Awhich Bwhy Cthat Dhow4.It is because he is too young _he does not understand it.A
38、.as B.so C.that D.what5._ in this room that our first meeting was held.A.Just when B.When C.Where D.It was6.It was on the National Day_ she met with her separated sister.A.that B.where C.when D.which7.It was not until 1936_baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.A.then B.which C that D.when8
39、._ computers play such an important part in our daily life?AWhy it is that BWhy is it thatCWhy was it that DWhy is it9.It was not _she took off her glasses_I realized she was a famous film star.A.when,that B.until,that C.until,then D.when,then 10.Was it during the Second World War_ he died?A.that B.
40、while C.in which D.then 11._ he came back home that we knew what had happened.A.When it was B.It was when C.Was it when D.When was it12.It was the training _ he had as a young man _made him such a good engineer.A.what;that B.that;what C.that;which D.which:that13.It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old
41、 man several days ago.A.was B.are C.were D.had been一、强调句型的强调部分必须是对一、强调句型的强调部分必须是对 that/who 之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如果把之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如果把It is(was).that 去掉，该句应该意思完整，去掉，该句应该意思完整，不缺任何句子成分：不缺任何句子成分：1.Is it _ who wants to see you.A.him B.he C.his D.himself2.It was _ who respected all their teachers.A.them B.their C
42、.they D.themselves3.-What is Mary?-Was it _ that you were referred to?A.he B.she C.her D.they 4.It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.A.was B.are C.were D.had been5.It _ at Christmas that John Smith gave Mary a handbag.A.must have B.will be C.might have been D.may have had6.-Was
43、 that new school master who walked by?-_.A.It must be that B.It must have been C.He must be D.This must have been【题解】强调部分如果是人称代词，【题解】强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据应根据句子需要句子需要选择它的选择它的主格或宾格主格或宾格形式：如第形式：如第 小题。注意谓语小题。注意谓语动词形式动词形式与整个句子与整个句子语境的一致性语境的一致性：如第如第 小题。小题。二、强调部分为疑问词时：二、强调部分为疑问词时：7._ electricity plays an importa
44、nt part in our daily life?A.Why was it that B.Why is it that C.Why is it D.Why it is that8.Who was it _ wanted to see me just now?A.that B.who C.when D.when9._ you met the foreigner from Canada?A.Where it was that B.Who it was that C.Where was it that D.Where was that三、强调部分为三、强调部分为 not.until 句型：句型：1
45、0.It was not until late in the evening _ her husband arrived home.A.which B.when C.that D.how11.It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.A.which B.when C.that D.since12.It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;w
46、hen D.when;then【题解】注意“not.until”句型的变化。比较下列三个句子：She didnt remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home.It was not until she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with the doctor.Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor.四、复合句
47、中的强调句型：四、复合句中的强调句型：13.I cant quite remember _ you started doing the work.A.that it was when B.when it was that C.when was it that D.that was it when14.She wants to know if it is 600 miles an hour _ the newest plane can go.A.which B.that C.when D.on which15.Was it _ he was seriously ill that he didnt
48、 come to school yesterday.A.although B.that C.because D.since16.It was only when I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.until B.that C.then D.so17._ he came back home that we knew what had happened.A.When it was B.It was when C.Was it when D.When was it18.It was the train
49、ing _ he had as a young man _ made him such a good engineer.A.what;that B.that;what C.that;which D.which:that19.It was _ he said _ disappointed me at that time.A.what;that B.that;that C.what;what D.that;what【题解】当强调部分为从句或含从句【题解】当强调部分为从句或含从句的短语时，应首先确定它在句子中的的短语时，应首先确定它在句子中的作用。第作用。第 小题为宾语从句；第小题为宾语从句；第 小
50、题为状语从句小题为状语从句,此时不能对此时不能对 for,as,since,although 引导的从句引导的从句表示强调表示强调;第第 小题的强调部分又小题的强调部分又被一个由被一个由 which 引导的定语从句修引导的定语从句修 饰饰;第第 小题的强调部分则为小题的强调部分则为 what 引导的主语从句。引导的主语从句。五、强调部分为介词短语：五、强调部分为介词短语：20.It was through Jack _ Mary got to know Bob.A.who B.whom C.how D.that21.It was _ great care that they did the j
