1、2022-12-2Section Warming Up&ReadingLanguage Points2022-12-2速效提能演练速效提能演练Unit 1重点难点探究重点难点探究Section 2022-12-2重点难点探究重点难点探究1.Sometimes working outdoors，sometimes in an office，sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists，I am never bored.(我我)有时在室外工作，有时在办公室有时在室外工作，有时
2、在办公室里，有时工作中要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地里，有时工作中要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和游客，我从来不感到厌烦。百姓和游客，我从来不感到厌烦。2022-12-2品味经典Our school has been given some new equipment.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。2022-12-2自我探究equipment nU设备；装备。注意：equipment为不可数名词，没有复数，也不能直接加不定冠词。译这是件很有用的厨房用具。误Its a very useful kitchen equipment.正Its a very useful piece of kitchen
3、 equipment.2022-12-2牛刀小试完成句子A good sleeping bag is an essential part of _(装备)for every camper.答案：equipment2022-12-22.I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.二十年前，作为一名火山学家，我被派到夏威夷火山观测站工作。2022-12-2品味经典Mr.Smith appointed Linda to be/as his se
4、cretary.史密斯先生任命琳达为他的秘书。They have appointed a new manager.他们已经任命了一位新经理。We must appoint somebody to finish the tough task.我们得指定一个人去完成这项艰难的任务。We must appoint a day to meet again.我们要约定好下次会面的日期。2022-12-2自我探究appoint vt.任命；委派；约定(时间、地点等)。2022-12-2归纳拓展(1)appoint sb.任命某人appoint sb.as/to be.任命某人担任appoint sb.to
5、 do sth.指定某人做某事(2)appointment n.C，U任命；约会make/have/fix an appointment with与约会keep/break ones appointment守约/失约I have made an appointment with the doctor at 2 pm.我已约定下午两点去看医生。Y o u d b e t t e r n o t b r e a k y o u r appointment.你最好不要失约。2022-12-2易混辨析appointment，dateappointment 通常指与人谈生意或与通常指与人谈生意或与医生等
6、事先约定的见面。医生等事先约定的见面。date通常指恋爱时的通常指恋爱时的“约约会会”。2022-12-2牛刀小试(1)Mr.Wang has fallen ill，so we must _ a new teacher to the mountain school to take his place.AappreciateBappointCassist Dapproach解析：选B。appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事；appreciate欣赏，感激；assist帮助；approach接近，靠近。句意：王先生病倒了，因此我们必须委派一位新教师到这所山区学校去代替他。2022
7、-12-2(2)Did you see the manager yesterday?No.Maybe I should have made an _ with him in advance.Aannouncement BarrangementCagreement Dappointment解析：选D。announcement宣告；arrangement安排；agreement协议，共识；make an appointment with sb.约见某人；与某人约会。句意：“你昨天见到经理了吗？”“”“没有，或许我原应该提前约见他。”2022-12-22022-12-23.Having collec
8、ted and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流去，流速是多少。2022-12-2品味经典You should be able to evaluate your own work.你应该能够评估你自己的工作。Learn to evaluate all situations you find.学着去评估你发现的所有情况。It
9、s hard to evaluate her as a singer.要把她当歌手来评价很难。Can you evaluate her chances of success?你能估计她成功的机会吗？2022-12-2自我探究evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计。易混辨析evaluate，value，estimateevaluate 很少用来表示很少用来表示“估价估价”或或“估计估计”某物某物的市场价值，大多是用来表示的市场价值，大多是用来表示“评价评价”。value估计某物的估计某物的“价值、价格价值、价格”。estimate表示的表示的“估计估计”只是猜测，甚至只是一只是猜测，甚至只是一
10、种想法。种想法。2022-12-2By marks in numbers or letters，the teacher evaluates a students work.老师用数字或字母符号来评价学生的作业。She valued the house for me at￥85,000.她为我估价了这幢房子，值85000元。He estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 spiders in one acre.他估计每英亩有2250000多只蜘蛛。2022-12-2牛刀小试Our research attempts to _ the effect
11、iveness of the different drugs.Aweigh BevaluateCmeasure Destimate解析：选B。evaluate评估，评价；weigh重；称(重量)；measure测量(长度，高度等)；estimate估计(成本、数量等)。句意：我们的研究试图对不同药物的疗效进行评估。2022-12-24.We had white protective suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，带上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子
12、。2022-12-2品味经典I picked out a black suit.我挑了一套黑色西装。It is almost impossible to find a time that suits everybody.要想找到适合所有人的时间几乎是不可能的。No dish suits all tastes.谚众口难调。2022-12-2自我探究suit n.C一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜。易混辨析suit，fitsuit侧重侧重“合乎条件、身份、口味、合乎条件、身份、口味、需要等需要等”。fit侧重侧重“尺寸大小合适尺寸大小合适”，因而引，因而引申为申为“吻合；安装吻合；安装”。202
13、2-12-2巧学助记The dress fits you well，but its colour doesnt suit you.你穿这件衣服很合身，但颜色不合适。2022-12-2牛刀小试How about eight oclock outside the cinema?That _ me fine.Afits BmeetsCsatisfies Dsuits解析：选D。fit指某物在大小、外形上适合某人或某物；meet指某物能够满足某需求、要求或条件；satisfy指某人或某物足以让人感到满足或高兴；suit指某种情况对某人来说是可接受的或方便的，而且常常用very well或fine(ve
14、ry well)修饰来加强程度。句意：八点钟在电影院外(见面)怎么样？这个提议正好适合我。2022-12-25.It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。2022-12-2品味经典Though it was raining hard，he made his way hom
15、e.尽管雨下得很大，他还是回家了。自我探究make ones way 前往，向某地走去。注意：make ones way相当于go的意思，但更侧重于突破障碍，排除困难而前行。2022-12-2归纳拓展make way for让路；让位feel ones way摸索着前行fight ones way奋勇前进；杀出一条路push ones way推挤着前行wind ones way蜿蜒向前lose ones way迷路force ones way out挤出去；冲出去2022-12-22022-12-2The Great Wall winds its way across north China
16、like a huge dragon.长城像一条巨龙，在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。Though surrounded by the enemies on all sides，the brave soldiers managed to fight their way out.尽管被敌人四面包围，但英勇的战士们还是杀出了一条血路。2022-12-2牛刀小试根据括号中的提示翻译句子(1)灯突然熄灭了，同学们一个个地摸黑走出教室。(feel ones way)_答案：The lights went out suddenly.One by one the students felt their way out
17、of the classroom.2022-12-2(2)天渐渐黑了，我们向火车站走去，到达时刚好赶上火车。(make ones way)_答案：It was getting dark and we made our way to the railway station，arriving there just in time to catch our train.2022-12-26.Yet，however weak we are，we are not completely powerless.然而，不论我们多么脆弱，我们并不是完全没有力量。2022-12-2品味经典Well have to
18、finish the job，no matter how/however long it may take.不管要花多长时间，我们都要完成这项工作。2022-12-2自我探究句中however weak we are是让步状语从句。however用作从属连词，意为“不论多么；无论如何”，相当于no matter how。2022-12-2归纳拓展(1)whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever等“疑问词ever”构成的词相当于no matter what/who/which/when/where，意为“不管；无论”，引导让步状语从句。No matt
19、er when/Whenever I go to see him，he is always busy with his work.无论我何时去看他，他总是忙于工作。No matter where/Wherever you go，I will follow you.,你走到哪里，我跟到哪里。2022-12-2(2)whatever/whoever/whichever/whomever还可以引导名词性从句，此时不能用no matter.结构。You may choose whichever you like.你喜欢哪个就挑哪个。(宾语从句)Whoever leaves last must lock
20、 the door.不管谁最后离开都必须锁门。(主语从句)2022-12-2牛刀小试完成句子(1)_(不管多么严重的问题)you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.答案：However serious a problem(Whatever a serious problem)(2)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _(无论什么季节)答案：whatever the season(is)2022-12-22.I was about to go
21、 back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。品味经典We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我们正打算动身，突然下起了雨。2022-12-2自我探究when在此为并列连词，常用于引导一个突然出现的动作，意为“正在这时/那时”，相当于and at this/that time。2022-12-2归纳拓展2022-12-2易混辨析be about to，be going to，be tobe about to表
22、示最近的将来，意为表示最近的将来，意为“正要，即将正要，即将”，不可与具体的时间状语连用。不可与具体的时间状语连用。be going to be to多表示计划或安排，意为多表示计划或安排，意为“打算打算”，可，可与具体的时间状语连用。与具体的时间状语连用。be to表示约表示约定的，计划中的或按职责、义务、要求定的，计划中的或按职责、义务、要求即将发生的动作，还可以指注定要发生即将发生的动作，还可以指注定要发生的动作。的动作。2022-12-22022-12-2We are going to leave tomorrow.明天我们就要走了。The sports meeting is to t
23、ake place on Sunday morning.运动会周日上午举行。2022-12-2牛刀小试(1)(2010年高考大纲全国卷)Tom was about to close the window_ his attention was caught by a bird.Awhen BifCand Dtill解析：选A。本题考查“be about to do.when.“正要干时，突然”句型。该句型须用when“在那时，突然”搭配。2022-12-2(2)She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practis
24、e playing the piano yesterday.Awhen BwhileCafter Dsince解析：选A。when在本句中作并列连词，意为：and at that time。while作并列连词，表示对比转折，意为“而”；after为从属连词或介词，意为：在之后；since自从时候，既然。2022-12-23.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top a
25、nd watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后用的岩浆，但我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。2022-12-2品味经典The weather being fine，we have made up our minds to go for a picnic.天气很好，我们决定去野炊。It being Sunday，we decided to go for an hiking.因为是星期天，我们决定去远足。There being no time left，we had to speed up.剩下的时间不多了，我们只好加快了速度。The meeting over，the
26、y all went home.会议一结束，他们就都回家了。2022-12-2自我探究句中this being my first experience是独立主格结构，在这里作原因状语。归纳拓展独立主格结构是一个名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上非谓语动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或名词(即 n./pron.v.-ing/-ed/to do/adj./adv./prep.phrase/n.)构成。独立主格结构用于修饰整个句子。2022-12-2注意：(1)一般置于句首，有时也置于句中或句尾。一般有逗号与主句分开。Many people，most of them experts from America，
27、attended the conference.很多人参加了这次会议，其中大多数是来自美国的专家。(2)独立主格结构中，不定式往往表示没有发生或即将发生，动词-ing形式表示正在进行的动作或状态，动词-ed形式往往表示已经完成的被动行为。So many windows to clean，I had to devote the whole afternoon.因为很多窗户需要擦，我只好奉献出一个下午。2022-12-2The question being discussed，a man came up with a practical solution.正讨论这个问题时，有人提出了一个切实可行的
28、计划。All the windows cleaned，I had a rest.所有窗户都擦完，我好好休息了一下。(3)无动词独立主格结构往往可看作是“名词/代词being表语”结构中省略了being。Many students joined in the maths competition，most of them children of no more than ten years old.很多学生参加了这次数学竞赛，其中大多数是年仅十岁的儿童。2022-12-2(4)在表示方式的独立主格结构中，往往将冠词或代词皆省略。Whitney came in，(a)smile on(his)fac
29、e.惠特尼进来了，脸上带着笑。Lucy stood by the door，(a)toy in(her)hand.鲁西站在门旁，手里拿着玩具。(5)with/without宾语宾语补足语几乎所有的独立主格结构都可在其逻辑主语前加上with，构成with结构，在句中常作原因状语、伴随状语、方式状语或定语。表达相反的意义时用without。Leech could not finish it without me to help him.没有我帮他，李奇不会完成的。2022-12-2Without anyone noticing，I stole into the room.没有人注意，我偷偷地溜进了
30、屋子。He took off his shoes and crept up the stairs without any steps being heard.他脱了鞋，轻轻地走上楼，听不见一点儿脚步声。A woman with a baby in her arms came into the waiting room.怀里抱着一位婴儿的妇女走进候诊室。2022-12-22022-12-2牛刀小试完成句子(1)The village seemed deserted，the only sign of life _(是)some trees waving in the wind.答案：being(2
31、)The children went home from the g r a m m a r s c h o o l，t h e i r l e s s o n s _(完成)for the day.答案：finished2022-12-2译文助读AN EXCITING JOBI have the greatest job in the world.I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world.Sometimes working outdoors，sometimes in an offi
32、ce，sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists，I am never bored.Although my job is occasionally dangerous.I dont mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive.However，the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people from o
33、ne of the most powerful forces on earththe volcano.2022-12-2I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea，which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii.Having collected an
34、d evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.Our work has saved many lives because people in the path of the lava can be warned to leave their houses.Unfortunately，we cannot move their homes out of the way，and many houses have
35、 been covered with lava or burned to the ground.2022-12-2When boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth，it causes less damage than you might imagine.This is because no one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea，where the rocks fall.The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the moun
36、tain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.However，the eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one.2022-12-2一份令人兴奋的工作我的工作是世界上最伟大的工作。我跑的地方是稀罕奇特的地方，和我一道(alongside)工作的人来自世界各地。(我)有时在室外工作，有时在办公室里，有时工作中要用科学仪器(eq
37、uipment)，有时要会见当地百姓和游客，我从来不感到厌烦。虽然我的工作偶尔也有危险，但是我并不在乎，因为危险能激励我，使我感到有活力。然而，最重要的是，通过我的工作能保护普通百姓免遭火山的威胁这是世界上最大的自然威力之一。2022-12-220年前，作为一名火山学家，我被派(appoint)到夏威夷火山观测站(observatory)(HVO)工作。我的任务是收集有关基拉韦厄火山(Mount Kilauea)的数据资料(database)，这是夏威夷最活跃的火山之一。收集和评估(evaluate)了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流去，流速是多少。我们的工作拯救
38、了许多人的生命，因为在熔岩流经之地，老百姓都可以得到离开家园的通知。遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流过的地方，因此，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽(burn to the ground)。2022-12-2当滚烫的岩石从火山喷发出来并撒落回地面时，它所造成的损失比想象的要小些。这是因为在岩石下落的基拉韦厄火山顶附近无人居住。而顺着山坡下流的像波浪(wave)一样的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多，这是因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被掩埋在熔(molten熔化的)岩下面了。然而火山喷发本身的确是很壮观的，我永远也忘不了第一次看见火山喷发时的情景。2022-12-2It was in
39、the second week after I arrived in Hawaii.Having worked hard all day，I went to bed early.I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound，like a railway train passing my window.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already,I didnt take much notice.I was
40、 about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.2022-12-2I ran out of the house into the back garden where I could see Mount Kilauea in the distance.There had been an eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the air.I
41、t was an absolutely fantastic sight.2022-12-2The day after this eruption I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it.Two other scientists and I were driven up the mountain and dropped as close as possible to the crater that had been formed during the eruption.Having earlier collected special
42、 clothes from the observatory，we put them on before we went any closer.All three of us looked like spacemen.We had white protective suits that covered our whole body,helmets,big boots and special gloves.2022-12-2It was not easy to walk in these suits,but we slowly made our way to the edge of the cra
43、ter and looked down into the red，boiling centre.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience,I stayed at the top and watched them.Today,I am just as enthusiastic about my job as the day I first started.Having studied volcanoes now
44、 for many years，I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.2022-12-2那是在我抵达夏威夷后的第二个星期。那天我辛辛苦苦地干了一整天，很早就上床睡觉了。我在熟睡中突然感到床铺在摇晃，接着我听到一阵奇怪的声音，就好像一列火车在我的窗外行驶一样。因为我在夏威夷就经历过多次地震，所以对这种声音我并没在意。我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。我赶紧跑出房间，来到后花园，在那儿我能远远地看见基拉韦厄火山。在山的一边有火山喷发，红色发烫的岩浆像喷泉一样，朝天上喷射(
45、fountain泉水般地喷出)达几百米高。真是绝(absolutely绝对地)妙的奇景！2022-12-2就在这次火山喷发的第二天，我有幸作了一次近距离的观察。我和另外两位科学家驱车上山，到最靠近这次火山喷口的地方才下车。早先从观测站出发时就带了一些特别的安全服，于是我们穿上安全服再走近火山口。我们三个人看上去就像宇航员(spaceman)一样。我们都穿着白色的防护服(suit)遮住全身，戴上了头盔(helmet)和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子(boot)。穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓前往(make ones way)火山口的边缘，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。2022-12-2另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。如今，我和当初从事这项工作时一样满怀热情。虽然我从事火山研究很多年了，但是我对火山的壮丽景色以及它那潜在的(potential潜能)巨大破坏力仍然感到惊愕不已。
