1、Unit 3The Present Perfect Passive Voice12022-12-2Learning about passive voicean overview Tense or ModelPassive SentenceSimple PresentThe TOEFL exam is given every six months.Simple pastThe TOEFL exam was given last month.Simple FutureThe TOEFL exam will be given every year.2Tense orModelPassive Sent
2、encePresent ContinuousThe TOEFL exam is being given every year.Present perfectThe TOEFL exam has been given every year since 1950.Past perfectThe TOEFL exam had been given before the Vietnam War occurred.3现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去去,到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态Unde
3、rstanding the structure of the present perfect passive voiceThe structure of the present perfect passive voice is:have/has beened42022-12-2注意注意:1.副词的位置副词的位置 often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副词置于等副词置于have/has和和been中间。中间。如如:误误 Such a man has been hardly believed.正正 Such a man has hardly been b
4、elieved.52022-12-22.并不是所有动词都有被动语态并不是所有动词都有被动语态 1)happen,take place,break out,belong to,cost,last等不及物动词或词组无被等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：动语态。如：误误 Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.正正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.62022-12-22)open,break,drop等不强调动作发出者等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。时常用主
5、动语态。3.短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如：副词。如：The patients have been taken good care of.72022-12-24.一些特殊动词一些特殊动词,如如borrow,finish,begin,buy,start,return,marry,open,join等构等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，意思，则需改换动词或时态。如：则需改换动词或时态。如：82022-12-2My brother has ha
6、d(不能用不能用has bought)this bike for almost four years.How long has this book been bought?How long ago was this book bought?92022-12-2(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定时态来决定be的形式的形式)。主动语态变被动语态的方法主
7、动语态变被动语态的方法102022-12-2(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之之后作宾语后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如：将主格改为宾格。例如：All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.112022-12-2(4)双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。另一个保留
8、不动。主动：主动：I have given him the key.被动：被动：He has been given the key.被动：被动：The key has been given(to)him.122022-12-2Practice Turn the following into the Passive Voice.1.We have planted some trees around the lake.Some trees have been planted around the lake.132022-12-2 2.My father has locked the door.Th
9、e door has been locked.3.Someone has turned off the light.The light has been turned off.142022-12-24.We will hold the Olympic Games in Beijing in the year 2008.The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in the year 2008.5.They have rebuilt the bridge.The bridge has been rebuilt.152022-12-2试分析：试分析：1)误
10、误 Many new buildings been built since 2000 正正 Many new buildings have been built since 2000 析析 谓语部分结构不全谓语部分结构不全,时态部时态部 分不完整。分不完整。162022-12-22)误误 Something bad has been happened to him 析析 被动语态误用。被动语态误用。happen为不及为不及 物动词，不及物动词没有被动物动词，不及物动词没有被动 语态。语态。正正 Something bad has happened to him.172022-12-2正正 Th
11、e door has opened of itself 析析 有些动词如有些动词如open,break,drop 等既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动等既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，若不强调谁是动作发出者，我们词，若不强调谁是动作发出者，我们通常用主动语态。通常用主动语态。of itself意思是意思是“自自动地动地”。因此。因此,此句不可用被动语态。此句不可用被动语态。3)误误 The door has been opened of itself 182022-12-24)误误 I have introduced to Mr Li 析析 introduce为及物动词为及物动词,I 是是int
12、roduce的承受者。的承受者。正正 I have been introduced to Mr Li(by Mr Wang)192022-12-2Practice 1.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet.A.are not decided B.have not been decided C.is not being decided D.has not been decided202022-12-2 2.Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution,but the sk
13、y is still not clear.A.is used B.are used C.has been used D.have been used 212022-12-2 3.All the preparations for the task _ and were ready to start.A.completed B.complete C.had been completed D.have been completed 222022-12-24.Some new oilfields _ since 1976.A.were opened up B.has opened up C.have
14、been opened up D.had been opened up 232022-12-2 5.The silence of the library _ only by the sound of pages being turned over.A.has been broken B.breaks C.broke D.was broken 242022-12-2 6._ the sports meet might be put off.Yes,it all depends on the weather.A.Ive been told B.Ive told C.Im told D.I told
15、252022-12-2 Put the Chinese into English to complete the sentences.1.You can see the house _ _(未油漆未油漆)for years.2.How many workers _ (已派遣已派遣)to build the railway?has not beenpaintedhave been sent262022-12-2 3.Why does Mary look so unhappy?She _(被嘲被嘲 笑笑)by her classmates.4.It is said that the house _
16、 _(闯进了闯进了)by two thieves.has been laughed atbroken intohas been272022-12-2 5._ his views _(受受 到批判到批判)by them?6.The two pens _ _(未被拿走未被拿走)by him.7.Where _ the television _ _(已经修理了已经修理了)?Havebeen criticizedhave not beentaken awayhasbeen repaired282022-12-2 8.The price of a color TV set _ _(降价了降价了)again.9.What _(已被已被 译成译成)into many foreign languages?been brought downhas has been translated292022-12-2
