1、words&expressionswords&expressionsM3U3 M3U3 1.civilization noun 文明 lost civilizations civil adj.国民的;平民的;民事的;有礼貌的 civil rights 民权 a civil case 民事案件 a civil war 内战 His manner was civil,though not particularly friendly.尽管他的态度不友好，但还是客气的/有礼貌的civilize v.使文明civilized adj.文明的，有礼貌的civilian adj.民用的，平民的 n.平民，百
2、姓 2.lecture noun 讲座 give/deliver/attend a lecture concerning environment protection Our teacher gave us a lecture 教训，训斥，谴责for skipping a class 旷课yesterday.3.found vt.创建,建立(founded,founded)foundation noun 建立,创办;基础,根据;基金会To our joy,a new school will be founded in what used to be a wasteland.Tsinghua U
3、niversity,foundedfounded(found)in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.The organization has contributed a lot to environment protection since its foundation in 2010.Marriage is founded/based on/upon is founded/based on/upon love and mutual respect.=Love and mutual respect lay a soli
4、d foundation forlay a solid foundation for marriage.The rumor(谣言)is totally without foundationwithout foundation.(1)The Peoples Republic of China was _in 1949.中华人民共和国成立于1949年。(2)This story facts.这个故事是有事实依据的。(3)She plans to start a for homeless children.她计划为无家可归的孩子们建立一个基金会。(2016江苏)is founded on/uponf
5、oundationfounded4.take over a company take up take off take on take after 与相像 take down Nowadays many teenagers are very selfish and take what their parents do for granted.把.视为理所当然 take apart 拆开、拆卸、拆散、分辨 take in take to 喜欢；走向；开始从事 take take away 拿走；剥夺；减去，没收；离去 take back 收回，拿回；取消(约定)take down 拿下，取下；写
6、下，记录；拆毁 take in 吸收；收留；理解；改小衣服 take off 脱下；(飞机)起飞；休假；成功 take on 雇佣；呈现；具有 take out 取出；领.除去；除去 take over 接管；接替 take up 占据(时间、空间等)；开始从事；选修(课程)；继续讲述11)take ones time 不着急，慢慢来12)take it easy 别紧张13)take ones place 入座，代替=take the place of14)take sth into consideration/acount 把.考虑进去(1)My time is fully _ with
7、writing.我把时间全都用在了写作上。(2)It was several minutes before I could _what he was saying.过了好几分钟，我才理解他在说什么。(3)Many businesses started up by college students _ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.由于良好的创业环境，许多大学生的创业项目已经成功。take in have taken offtaken up 5.erupt v.(火山)爆发；（活动或情绪）爆发（into）;(搏斗、
8、暴力事件等)突然发生 erupt/burst into laughter 大笑 eruption n.（火山、战争等）爆发 eruptive adj.喷发的The volcano erupted and lava,ash rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.6.pour vt.倾倒,倒出 vi.（雨）倾盆而下；不断涌来，涌现Letters of complaint continued to pour in(不断涌现/涌向).She poured the troubles out to me over a cup of
9、coffee.pour out (感情，话语)迸发，奔涌 pour sth out 毫无保留的表达情感或思想The government has poured millions into the education system.Pour sth into sth 向.投入大量金钱It never rains but it pours.祸不单行pour oil on the flames 火上浇油 troubled water 息事宁人，调停争端By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring outside.到这个小组起身离开时，外面_
10、。She _ all her troubles to him.她向他倾诉自己所有的烦恼。He poured some hot water _ the glass and then cooled it down.他向杯子里倒了些热水，然后使它变凉。intopoured out 下着倾盆大雨 7.unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的不幸的，遗憾的How unfortunate！(教材P42)真是太不幸了！be unfortunate in(doing)sth 在方面很不幸be unfortunate to do sth 很不幸做某事It is unfortunate that.真遗憾/可
11、惜It is _ that you missed the meeting.真遗憾，你没参加那次会议。He was unfortunate _ losing hearing.他丧失了听力，真不幸。I was unfortunate _(lose)my keys.我把钥匙丢了，真倒霉。into loseunfortunate fortunate-unfortunate adj fortunately-unfortunately adv fortune n.make a fortune try ones fortune tell ones fortune fortune smiles on sb s
12、mile on sb/sth 有利于，垂青，带来好运8.decorate vt.装饰，装潢 decorate A with B 用B装饰A decoration n.decorative adj 装饰性的，装潢用的 decorator n.油漆匠，装潢工 The house was being decorated.=The house was under decoration.All the streets were decorated with flags to welcome the visitors.单项填空单项填空(8)All the teachers and students man
13、aged to the shaking teaching building when the earthquake happened.A.flee B.pourC.slide D.slip解析解析句意为：地震发生时所有老师和学生都设法逃出了晃动的教学句意为：地震发生时所有老师和学生都设法逃出了晃动的教学楼。楼。flee逃离，符合语境，故选逃离，符合语境，故选A。pour倾倒；倾倒；slide滑行；滑行；slip滑跤。滑跤。9.flee vt&vi.逃跑，逃离 (fled-fled-fleeing)Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away fled the th
14、ief.10.research n.研究；调查；探索 v.研究；探讨；调查 do research on/into Roman history research on/into ways of improving peoples diet researcher n.研究者 11.disaster n.灾难 catastrophe 12.destroy vt.毁坏,摧毁 (destroyed-destroyed)destruction n.毁灭毁灭 destructive adj.毁灭性的毁灭性的 All my hopes were destroyed on hearing the news.T
15、he storm caused great destruction to that farm.a destructive earthquake destroy：彻底破坏，毁灭，以致彻底破坏，毁灭，以致不能修复不能修复或无法或无法修复，主要强调破坏方式修复，主要强调破坏方式的的有力、粗暴有力、粗暴。damage：指价值、用途降低或表面损坏，不一定指价值、用途降低或表面损坏，不一定全部破坏，全部破坏，可修复可修复。harm:主要指损害有生命的东西主要指损害有生命的东西,偶尔也用于无生偶尔也用于无生命的事物命的事物,常指伤及一个人的健康、权利、事业等常指伤及一个人的健康、权利、事业等harm sb/
16、sth=do harm to sb/sth=be harmful to sb/sthruin：毁掉，常指在一定的毁掉，常指在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉过程中逐渐毁掉，原因，原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等。通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等。n.复数，废墟复数，废墟Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.13.ruin n.U毁坏 ruins pl.废墟 vt 毁坏；破坏 My new shoes got ruined in the mud.Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.the ruins/r
17、emains of the templen.in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪严重受损；破败不堪 bring.to ruin 使使毁灭；使毁灭；使没落没落 fall/come into ruin 衰落，败落衰落，败落v.ruin ones hope(s)/health/fame 使使某人的希望破灭；毁坏某人的健康某人的希望破灭；毁坏某人的健康/名誉名誉(1)After the earthquake，we can see the _ of the village.地震后我们可以看到这个村子成了一片废墟。地震后我们可以看到这个村子成了一片废墟。(2)The heavy rain _ our ho
18、liday.大雨把我们的假期彻底搞砸了。大雨把我们的假期彻底搞砸了。(3)Years of fighting has left the area .几年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。几年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。in mercial adj.商业的，贸易的 a commercial advertisement commerce n.商业,贸易 develop commerce 15.wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的 wealth n.财富，富裕be a country wealthy in natural resources be rich/well off/wealthy 生活
19、富有 a man of wealth 16.gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 =little by little gradual adj.逐渐的；平缓的17.scholar n.学者 professor n.教授 expert n.专家 adj.熟练的，内行的，经验丰富的 seek expert advice 18.remains n.废墟废墟,遗址遗址;遗骸遗骸;遗迹遗迹;残留物残留物(只用复数只用复数)remain v.linking v 仍然是仍然是,保持不变保持不变 （后接（后接adj/n./doing/done/to do/介词短语）介词短语）remain sitting/
20、seated/unfinished/stuck 剩余；遗留剩余；遗留 仍需去做（或说、处理）仍需去做（或说、处理）It remains to be seen whether 逗留；不离去逗留；不离去(stay)remaining adj.剩下的（前置定语）不不用用于于被被动动语语态态和和进进行行时时In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained stuck abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.Please remain seated/sitting(seat/sit)until the plane has come
21、 to a complete stop.With many things remaining to be settled,I felt very nervous.remaining 10 minutes=10 minutes left They remained in Nanjing until May.the remains/ruins of the temple19.beneath prep.在在之下之下,向向下面下面;低于低于,劣势劣势 The dolphins disappeared beneath the waves.He considers such jobs beneath hi
22、m.他认为这样的工作有失他的身份。beneath ones dignity 有失身份有失身份 adv.向下，在下面向下，在下面 She seemed quite calm on the surface,but a great deal of anger lay beneath.20.explode v.(使使)爆炸爆炸,爆破；爆破；指指(感情感情)迸发；迸发；激增激增,迅猛发展迅猛发展 explosion n.C,U爆炸爆炸,爆破爆破C突增突增,猛增猛增,激增激增The bomb exploded.(blow up)explode with anger 勃然大怒 explode with la
23、ughter 哄然大笑 =explode into wild laughterexploding world population=population explosion 21.extreme adj.极度的；极端的，偏激的极度的；极端的，偏激的 n.极端，极限极端，极限 extremely adv.极其，极端，非常极其，极端，非常Dont do anything extreme like leaving the nest.Please watch out,because she tends to go to extremes.She looked confident but in real
24、ity she felt extremely plain vi.抱怨，埋怨抱怨，埋怨 complaint n.抱怨；投诉抱怨；投诉 complain to sb about sth letters of complaint 投诉信23.historic adj.历史上著名（或重要）的 historical adj.(有关)历史的,有关历史研究的;历史学的,历史题材的 history n.历史；历史课；履历24.the solution to the problem the solution to solving the problem (key,answer,entrance,access,w
25、itness,approach,introduction,memorial,monument)monument 纪念碑、纪念馆、纪念塔纪念碑、纪念馆、纪念塔 anniversary 周年纪念日周年纪念日 mourning 哀痛、悲痛、哀悼哀痛、悲痛、哀悼 memorial 纪念碑纪念碑/像，纪念物像，纪念物/品，品，纪念仪式纪念仪式hold a memorial service举行追悼仪式举行追悼仪式hold a memorial ceremony for sb 祭奠（某人）祭奠（某人）25.expression n.表达;表情;措辞;表达方式 express v.表达；表露 adj.快速的；
26、快递的；特快的 n.特快列车,快递 expressive adj 富有表情的 her puzzled expression/look You can learn interesting words and expressions by reading poems.an express bus As soon as I received payment I will send the book to you by express.26.audience n.观众，听众audience 是集合名词，用作是集合名词，用作主语主语时，时，若若作为整作为整体看待体看待，谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数，若，
27、若强调各个成员强调各个成员谓语谓语动词用动词用复数复数 （主谓一致）an audience 指一群观众，某个场次的观众，某一方面的观众。audiences 指多群观众，多场次观众，多方面的观众 形容词常用 big,large,huge,mass,vast,wide以及small,thin 不用many,(a)few 27.ceremony n.(C)典礼,仪式；(U)礼节,礼仪 a wedding ceremony 婚礼 an opening ceremony 开幕仪式 without ceremony 不拘礼节，粗鲁无礼28.declare v.宣布宣布,宣称宣称 declaration n
28、.宣布宣布,声明声明declare war against 宣战the declaration of independencedeclare指明确地、清楚地、正式地“宣布，宣告”,多用于官方场合,所涉及的事不一定是对方不知道的。announce指首次宣布大家感兴趣或可满足大家好奇心的事情。make an announcement to sb.announce to sb.declare 的用法小结：declare that 从句 declare sb/sth(to be)sthdeclare sth+adj The court declared that the strike action w
29、as illegal.The area has been declared(to be)a national park.The chairman declared the ceremony open.declare for 赞成declare against 反对29.in memory of have a good/bad memory 记忆力好/差 have a fresh memory 记忆犹新 do sth from memory 凭记忆做某事 bring back memories 回忆往事 name/title escape sb 某人一时想不起 arouse ones memor
30、ies 唤起某人的记 build a memorial/monument to sb29.in memory of 纪念 in honor of 纪念，庆祝 in charge of 负责 in favor of 支持，赞同 in search of 寻找 in spite of 尽管 (despite)in terms of 就.而言 in view of 鉴于.in case of 以防.in defense of 为保卫.;为.辩护 in need of 需要 in praise of 赞扬30.educate v.教育 education n.教育 educational adj.有关
31、教育的；有教育意义的 receive education31.statue n.雕塑；雕像；塑像 status n.地位；身份；职位 32.no doubt No doubt you will have your own ideas.=There is no doubt that There is no need to doThere is no possibility thatIt is no wonder(难怪，不足为奇)that It remains to be seen whether.no doubt/no sweat（不费力的）/no way（没门）/no wonderno com
32、ment 无可奉告/no problem 32.no doubt I dont doubt that (Im sure that)Do you doubt that.I doubt whether/if 33.rise up against 起义，反抗 give rise to 引起，导致 with the rise of 随着.的兴起 on the rise 在上升中，在增加中 the rise and fall 兴衰，起伏 a pay rise 加薪 34.stand in ones path 阻碍(某人)I left them alone,as I felt I was in the w
33、ay.妨碍，挡道on the way(to doing sth)在做.的过程中by the way by way of 经由,途径.；通过.方法make way for 让路，为.开路in a way/in some ways/in one way 在某种程度上in no way/in no case/by no means/on no condition/under no circumstances/at no time 绝不/决不 35.march v.前进,进发,游行 n.前进,游行go on a march 参加游行 on the march 在行军中，在行进中，在进展中He marc
34、hed over to me and demanded an apology.march on 向.行进;快速经过，继续行进36.glory n.辉煌,荣耀,光荣 glorious adj.光荣的 The winner stood there in glory,enjoying that glorious moment.37.ahead adv.(时间,空间)在前面;预先,提前；占优势，领先ahead of time/in advance/ahead of schedule 提前go ahead （口语）3个意思get ahead 获得成功，取得进步 get ahead of 胜过 get a
35、head with 领先，有进展in the years ahead =in the years to come =in the following years e down with 患(病)come down with an illness =develop an illness go down in history 载入史册 go down 下降；平静下来；传下去；被接受 come短语come come about 发生，产生 come across 遇见，(偶然)遇见 come back 回来；再度流行 come down 下来，降下；塌下 come in 进来；开始流行；到达 com
36、e on 快来，跟上；进行，进步(成长)；加油 come out 出版；(花开)；出来；结果是；褪色 come over 过来，顺便来访 come to 苏醒；来到，达到；共计；得出(结论)，做出决定 come up 走近；(从土中)长出，发芽；被提出；发生；开始流行 come up with 提出come into effect=take effect 开始生效，开始实施to come 即将到来的（后置）How come?怎么会.when it comes to.当谈到，当涉及到.come on （口）5 39.aware adj.意识到意识到的的，知道的，察觉到的知道的，察觉到的 awar
37、eness n.意识，认识意识，认识 unaware adj.未察觉的，不知道的未察觉的，不知道的 Ordinary woman as/though she is,she tries every means to make people aware of the importance of environment protection.Health officials throughout the world have tried many ways to raise public awareness about AIDS be aware of/be conscious of sth =re
38、alize sth 知道，了解.be aware that.40.basis n.基础(理论),基准,原因 basic adj.基本的,根本的,必需的 basically adv.大体上；基本上 base n.根基,底座;根据;总部 v.以为据点（或总部）；把（总部等）设在 base sth.on/upon sth.以为基础或根据 =be based on sth the base of the house the basis of friendship some basic skills In order to keep fit,you should work out on a regula
39、r basis.定期的Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.Based on a real story,the film took off in the country overnight.41.court n.法庭法庭,法院；法院；(网球网球,篮球等篮球等)球场球场;宫廷宫廷take/bring.to court 控告，把.带上法庭 a badminton court 羽毛球场 42.corrupt vt.使腐化，使堕落使腐化，使堕落 adj
40、.腐败的，贪污的；堕落的腐败的，贪污的；堕落的 corruption n.腐败，堕落腐败，堕落a corrupt officer Nowadays many teenagers are addicted to computer games and become corrupt without being aware of it.He assumed that violence on TV led to the corruption of young people.43.trial n.审讯审讯,审理；实验审理；实验,考验考验 try vt.审讯审讯,审理；实验审理；实验,考验考验 learn.
41、by trial and error 反复尝试 bring sb to trial=bring sb to court a trial flight 试飞 pilot（adj.）实验性的，试行的 a pilot project Life is full of trials.You should stand the trials at the crossroads.Just as the saying goes,sink or swim.be on trial 在实验中，在受审44.judge n.裁判，法官，审判员裁判，法官，审判员 Vt.判定，断定；认为；裁判判定，断定；认为；裁判 judg
42、ment n.（also judgement）判断力;看法,意见,评价;判决;裁决 Judging from/by her puzzled look,I was aware that she was innocent.Dont judge a book by its cover.不要以貌取人 make a judgement 做出判断，评定45.poison n.毒药，毒物 v.毒害，下毒 poisonous adj.有毒的,有害的What is food to one man may be poison to another.Someone tried to poison the dog.be poisonous to sbs mind46.harbor v.窝藏，庇护（罪犯）怀有某种情感怀有某种情感 包含，藏有
