1、Unit 1 ArtUnit 1 ArtSection Grammar&Writing 单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6虚拟语气()一、虚拟语气的概念与类型虚拟语气，又称假设语气，是谓语动词的一种形式，表示所说的话不是一种事实，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设。虚拟语气有两种类型：用于条件或让步状语从句中，表示假设、猜测、怀疑等；用在宾语、表语、同位语、主语从句中，表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6二、条件句中的虚拟语气在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从
2、句的谓语都要用虚拟语气，现将其形式列表如下：时间从句主句与现在事实相反动词过去式(be的过去式一般用were)would/should/could/might动词原形与过去事实相反had过去分词would/should/could/mighthave过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/should动词原形/were to动词原形would/should/could/might动词原形单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修61.与现在事实相反If you were here now，you would hear Premier Wen talking with the studen
3、ts.现在如果你在这里，就会听见温总理正在和学生们交谈。If I were you，I should try my best to go to college.如果我是你，我会尽我所能去上大学。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修62与过去事实相反If he had gone to the party last night，everything would have changed.如果昨晚他参加了宴会，一切都会不一样。If the doctor had been responsible，the child would not have died of such diseas
4、e.要是医生负责任，孩子不会死于这样的疾病。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修63与将来事实相反If it were to be/should be/were sunny tomorrow，we would go out for a picnic.如果明天天气晴朗，我们会出去野餐。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修64错综时间条件句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If you had listened to me，you wouldnt be in su
5、ch trouble now.如果你听了我的话，你现在就不会有这样的麻烦了。(从句说明过去，主句说明现在)If I were you，I would have taken his advice.如果我是你，我就会接受他的忠告了。(从句说明现在，主句说明过去)单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修65条件从句中的谓语部分有were，should或had时，if有时可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序Were I you，I would do it in another way.如果我是你的话，我就用另外一种方法做。Should I have time，I would help Tom
6、with his maths.我要是有时间就帮汤姆学数学。Had it not been for his help，I wouldnt have finished the work on time.如果没有他的帮助，我是不会按时完成工作的。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1动词wish后的宾语从句wish(that)从句一般过去时(be用were)表示对现在的虚拟would/could动词原形表示对将来的虚拟过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6I wish it were spring in m
7、y hometown all the year round.但愿我的家乡四季如春。She sincerely wished that she might do something to comfort him.她真切地希望能做点什么来安慰他。I wish I had met him yesterday.我昨天能遇到他就好了。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6温馨提示：wish本身可以是过去式，表示过去的一种愿望，that从句的时态不受影响。He wished that he hadnt told Lucy the bad news yesterday.他昨天若是不告诉露西
8、那个坏消息就好了。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修62在表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语用“should动词原形”，should可省略一坚持：insist二命令：order，command三建议：suggest，propose，advise四要求：request，require，demand，askI suggest that we(should)hold a meeting next week.我建议下周我们应该举行会议。He insisted that he(should)be sent there.他坚持应该被派去那里。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人
9、教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6温馨提示：suggest表示“暗示，表明”，insist表示“坚持认为”时，不用虚拟语气。The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.他脸上的笑容表明他对我们的工作很满意。The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.那个人坚持说他没有偷钱。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修63在would rather后的宾语从句中，谓语常用一般过去时来表示对现在或将来的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟Id
10、rather you went tomorrow(now)我宁愿你明天(现在)去。Id rather she hadnt done that.我宁愿她没那样做。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6.根据汉语提示完成句子1If _(我没有喝)alcohol last night，I could have driven my car home.答案：I hadnt drunk2Jack has been ill for several days.I know.I wish _(他能去看医生)soon.答案：he could go to see a doctor单元写作平台同步语
11、法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修63All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _(严重受伤)and that he _(马上做手术)答案：was badly/seriously wounded/injured；be operated on at once4The teacher demanded that our homework _(被完成)before eleven.答案：be finished5I am poor now.If I _(有一大笔钱)，I would buy a large house.答案：had a great
12、 deal of/a large amount of money单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修66Without electricity，our life _(将大不相同)答案：would be quite different7If _(下雪)tomorrow，they would not go out.答案：it were to snow8He is ill.Otherwise he _(会来)to school.答案：would come单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修69I would rather I _(采纳)his advice.答案：
13、hadnt taken10How I wish I _(再年轻十岁)答案：were ten years younger单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6.单项填空1_ it _ to rain tomorrow，the sports meeting would be put off until the same time next week.AShould；BIf；shouldCWere；D.If；were going解析：句意：如果明天下雨的话，运动会将被推迟到下周同一时间。该题考查与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，当if引导的条件句省略if时，句子要用倒装语序，正常语序的句子
14、是：If it were to rain tomorrow.答案：C单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修62_ the bike be repaired by him?No，Id rather he _ it repaired.AWill；has BShall；hadCShould；have DCan；has解析：句意：“自行车由他修理行吗？”“不，我宁愿他请别人来修理。”shall在此处用来征询对方的意见；would rather后接宾语从句时(常用that引导，that可省略)，从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气，若是对现在或将来的虚拟，从句的谓语用动词的过去式；若是对过去的虚拟
15、，则从句中用过去完成时，根据句意知是对现在的虚拟。答案：B单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修63Had the visiting delegation set out earlier this morning，they _ the airport so far.Amight reachBmay have reachedCmight have reachedDmay reach解析：由第一句话句首的had可知，该句为省略了if的虚拟条件句，并且是对过去的虚拟。句意：如果这个考察团今天上午早点出发的话，到目前为止或许他们已经到达机场了。第二句话表推测，由句意知应选C项。答案：C
16、单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修64How I wish I had studied harder when I was in senior school!If you had，you _ a university student now.Aare Bwould beCshould Dwere解析：本题为错综时间的虚拟条件句，应根据时间作出适当的调整，虽然从句是对过去进行虚拟，但主句中有时间状语now，所以是对现在的虚拟，应用“would动词原形”。答案：B单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修65_ him _ possible?AWouldnt you
17、 have helped；had it beenBWouldnt you help；if it had beenCDidnt you help；were itDWould you have helped；if it were解析：本题考查虚拟语气和省略形式。分析选项及句意可知本句是对过去的虚拟，因而主句用“would/could/might/shouldhave done”，从句用过去完成时，从句中if省略后，须把had提到主语之前。因而选A项。答案：A单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修66If you _ that late movie last night，you wo
18、uld not be so sleepy now.Ahavent watched Bdidnt watchCwouldnt have watched Dhadnt watched解析：此题从句是对过去的虚拟假设，故从句用过去完成时，主句是对现在的虚拟，使用“would动词原形”。答案：D单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修67It was ordered that no smoking _ in the library.Abe allowed Bwould be allowedCwas allowed Dhad been allowed解析：order后接宾语从句时，其宾语从
19、句的谓语动词为“should动词原形”，should可以省略。答案：A单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修68But for the help of my English teacher，I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.Awould not win Bwould not have wonCwould win Dwould have won解析：句意：要不是英语老师的帮助，我在英语写作竞赛中得不到第一名。由题意可知真实时间是过去，故主句要用would have done结构。答案：B单元写作平台同步语
20、法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修69He _ busy yesterday，or he _ you with the housework.Awas；had helpedBwas；would have helpedChad been；would have helpedDwere；would have helped解析：第一个分句说明昨天的事实情况，不必用虚拟语气，由时间状语yesterday可知be动词用一般过去时，由主语he可知用was。第二个分句是对过去的虚拟，所以用“情态动词have过去分词”。答案：B单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修610The weather
21、turned out to be fine.I _ the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.Ashould have taken Bneednt have takenCmustnt have taken Dcould have taken解析：句意：结果天气不错，我本不必费那么大劲带着雨伞的。根据turned可知是叙述过去的情况，根据语境可知用neednt have done本不必做却做了。A项表示本该做却没做；D项表示本来能够；C项形式不正确。答案：B单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英
22、语 选修选修6如何写好建议信【写作指导】建议信是作者就有关问题进行分析并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议的书信。一般来说，建议信的正文分为三部分：开头、主体和结尾。开头一般开门见山，向对方陈述自己的观点。主体部分则是对所提出的问题进行分析、说明理由，接着提出自己的建议。结尾则是对开头的呼应，重申自己的观点。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修61建议信的结构建议信一般采取“三段式结构”，通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin with，then，later等依次陈述建议。首段：针对对方对自己的信任简单表示感谢，亦可表明自己的诚意。中段：围绕对
23、方的困惑、烦恼等问题，用科学委婉的语言提出自己的建议、方法。注意要充分考虑到对方的实际问题，表达时应选择得体的语言。切忌用语生硬呆板，泛泛而谈。末段：简单地提出希望。希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修62建议信的语言(1)陈述建议的语言必须中肯：在劝说对方接受你的建议时，应该注意措辞，慎用must等命令性词语，这样才能使对方愉快地接受你的劝告或建议。例如：You must stop your meaningless work at once.(该句中的情态动词must就使句子的语气显得很生硬，对方会因此而反感。)此外，要“设身处地”，可适当运
24、用虚拟句“If I were you.”表述自己的建议。常见的此类表达有：maybe；perhaps；probably；in my opinion；You could/might/had better.；It seems better that.；Why not.；If you do this，.；as you have known；Facts prove that.；even if/though等。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6(2)陈述建议必须具有说服性：要想提出好建议，必须具有充分的理由，展示出自己独特的见解。常见的表达有：If you think it twi
25、ce，you will find.；As is well known，.；It is necessary/important/certain that.；in spite of；on the contrary；in other words等。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6【万能句式】建议信开头常用句式：1I am writing to express my views/ideas about.2You have asked me for my advice on.and I will try to make some suggestions.3Thanks for t
26、rusting me.Its my great pleasure to give you some suggestions/advice/tips.4Im sorry to hear/learn that.单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6表达建议常用句式：1I would like to suggest that.2If I were you，I would.3As far as I am concerned./In my opinion.4It seems better that.5Why not.?6It would be a good idea if.7For o
27、ne thing.，for another.8In the first place/Firstly/First.Secondly/Second.Last but not least(最后但不是最不重要的).单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6建议信的结尾常用句式：1These are only my personal suggestions/tips.I hope you will find them useful/helpful.2I would be ready to discuss this matter with you in further detail.3Im
28、willing to discuss this matter with you whenever you need help.4I will highly appreciate your consideration of my advice/suggestions/tips.5I am looking forward to your reply.单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6【白金模板】Dear_，You have asked me for my advice about_，and I will try to make some suggestions here.In
29、 my opinion，you would be wise to take the following measures_(建议的内容)I hope you will find these suggestions useful，and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you for further details.Good luck with your_(祝愿)Yours sincerely，Li Ming单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6假定你是李华。在一个英文网络论坛上，你看到一个名叫Grownup的中学生发帖
30、(post)寻求帮助，请根据帖子内容和要求回帖。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6要求：1.告诉Grownup要理解母亲；2给Grownup提出解决问题的具体建议。3短文词数不少于80(不含已写好的部分)。4内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯。5书写须清晰、工整。单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6【写作要点】1你面临的问题在我们青少年中很普遍。你面临的问题_在我们青少年中_很普遍_答案：the problem you are facing/the problem which you are faced withamong our teenagersis c
31、ommon单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修62我可以给你一些如何处理这个问题的建议。我可以给你_一些建议_如何处理问题_答案：Here are/is/I can give yousome advice/a few suggestions(on)how to deal with it单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修63首先，和你的妈妈多交流是明智的，这会帮助你们更好地相互理解。首先_和你妈妈多交流_是明智的_这会帮助你们_更好地相互理解_单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6答案：first/to begin with/first o
32、f alltalk/communicate more with your momits wise towhich helps you/and it can help youunderstand each other better单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修64心贴心的交谈是让你妈妈了解你的思想态度的时候。心贴心的交谈_了解你的思想态度_答案：hearttoheart talksknow your ideas and attitudes/understand what you think单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修65第二，你应该向你妈妈证明你
33、已经是一个“大人”了。第二_向你妈妈证明_答案：second/secondlyprove to your mom that/make your mom realize that单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修66如果你能分担点家务活就更好了。分担点家务活_就更好了_答案：help your mom do/with the housework/share some houseworkit can be better/its even better单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6【连句成篇】One possible version：Hi，Grownup
34、，As a student of your age，I understand your situation.The problem you are facing is common among our teenagers.However，it should be wise not to do anything that may hurt your moms feelings.Here are a few suggestions.First，its wise to talk more with your mom.Hearttoheart talks help you understand eac
35、h other better.They are also opportunities to let her know your ideas and attitudes toward many things.单元写作平台同步语法讲座人教版英语人教版英语 选修选修6Second，you should learn to do your own things well，proving to your mom that you are already a“Grownup”Its even better if you could share more of the housework，such as cleaning，washing and cooking.Hope my ideas will work.Yours，Li Hua谢谢观看！谢谢观看！
