1、直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语The boy said,“Im reading a book.”Direct speech 直接引语直接引语 The boy said(that)he was reading a book.Indirect speech间接引语间接引语.Direct speech 直接引语 Indirect speech间接引语.原封不动地引用原话，把原话放在引号内用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内直接引语变间接引语的三种类型直接引语变间接引语的三种类型 1 陈述句陈述句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，语序不变，且为连词间接引语时
2、，语序不变，且为连词that引导引导的宾语从句（的宾语从句（that在口语中常省略），如在口语中常省略），如 He said,“I like reading adventure stories.”He said that he liked reading adventure stories.将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语:1.Lana said,Im going to have a surprise party for Maria.Lana said that she was going to have a surprise party for Maria
3、.2.The teacher said,My students are hard-working.The teacher said that his/her students were hard-working.3.Tom told Jane,I will lend my bicycle to you.Tom told Jane that he would lend his bicycle to her/Jane.2.直接引语如果是直接引语如果是疑问句疑问句，变为间接引语时，要，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。1）一般疑问句一般疑问句。用。用wheth
4、er或或if(是否）是否）引导。引导。主句中的动词是主句中的动词是said时改为时改为asked。Eg.He said,“Are you a student?”疑问语序疑问语序 He asked me whether/if I was a student.陈述语序 2)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍仍用原来的疑问词引导用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。句语序。Eg.“Where are you going?”Father asked his son.Eg.The policeman asked the small
5、 boy,“Where do you live?”The policeman asked the small boy where he lived.Father asked his son where he was going疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序3.当直接引语是当直接引语是祈使句祈使句，变为间接引语时，变为间接引语时,间间接祈使句的引述动词接祈使句的引述动词常用常用tell,ask,order,等等,而把直接引语的祈使句变成而把直接引语的祈使句变成带带 (not)to的不定式短语的不定式短语。句型：句型：tell/ask/order sb(not)t
6、o do sth 1.The teacher said to the students,“Stop talking.”The teacher told the students to stop talking.2.The teacher said to us,“Dont play in class.The teacher told/asked us not to play in class.人称变化人称变化(一般遵循这句顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称无变化”)1).“一随主一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称称或被第一人称修饰
7、，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。要变成引号外的主语人称。如：.They said,“We will go there by bus.”They said they would go there by bus.She said“My sister wants to go with me.”She said(that)her sister wanted to go with her.2).“二随宾二随宾”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第二人是指引号内的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，变
8、成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如也可以用第一人称。如：.She said to me,“Are you interested in science?”She asked me if I was interested in science.He said to Kate.How is your sister now?He asked Kate how her sister was then.She said,“Your pronunciation is better than his.”She told me that my pronunciation was bet
9、ter than his.3).“第三人称无变化第三人称无变化”是指引号内的主语及宾是指引号内的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，变间接语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称一般不需要变化。如：引语时，人称一般不需要变化。如：.His mother said to me,“He cant go to school.”His mother told me that he couldnt go to school.Mr Smith said,Jacks brother is a good worker.Mr Smith said Jacks brother was a good wo
10、rker.时态变化时态变化（1）一般现在时）一般现在时 He said,“I can do well in English.”（2）现在进行时）现在进行时 He said,“Im writing a letter.”（3）一般将来时）一般将来时 Tom said to me“I will call you tomorrow”一般过去时一般过去时 过去进行时过去进行时 过去将来时过去将来时 He said that he could do well in English.He said that he was writing a letter.Tom told me that he would
11、call me the next day.（4）一般过去时）一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时He said to me,“I met your father.”He told me that he had met my father.（5）现在完成时）现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时 She said.“I have lost a pen.”She said that she had lost a pen.注意注意（1）如果主句是一般现在时，直接引如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。He says,“Im not good at math
12、.He says that he is not good at math.(2)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：时态不变。如：He said ,“The moon moves around the earth.He said that the moon moves around the earth.(3)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。时，也经常用一般现在时。如：如：My teacher said,“Tom is a good student.”My tea
13、cher said Tom is a good student.记住记住:指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this,thesethat,those时间状语nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthis weeknext week.thenthat daythe day beforethe next daythat week.the next week地点状语herethere动词come go Summary1当直接引语是陈述句：由当直接引语是陈述句：由(that)引导引导主语主语+（said)that+句子（
14、时态往过去推句子（时态往过去推）told 2 当直接引语是一般疑问句当直接引语是一般疑问句:由由 if引导引导 whether主语主语+（asked)if +一般疑问句一般疑问句(主谓结构）主谓结构）whether 3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特殊疑问词引导（特殊疑问词引导（what/where等）等）主语主语 asked+what 特殊疑问句（主特殊疑问句（主谓）谓）where 4.当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：主语主语+told sb(not)to do sth asked ordered 1 The girl said
15、,“I will have a party.”The girl said(that)she would have a party.2 He asked me,“Is your father a doctor?”He asked me if/whether my father was a doctor.3 The police asked the man,“Where are you going?”The police asked the man where he was going.4 Mother said to Tom,“get up earlier!”Mother told/asked
16、Tom to get up earlier.5 The teacher said to us,“Dont talk in class!”The teacher told/asked us not to talk in class.6 The teacher said,“The moon goes around the earth.”The teacher said(that)the moon goes around the earth.7“I am good at English,”Lucy said.8“Li Lei is reading a book,”Peter said to Lucy
17、.9“We will have a football match,”he told his mother.Lucy said she was good at English.Peter told Lucy that Li Lei was reading a book.He told his mother they would have a football match.10 “They go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday,”the boy said.The boy said they went to school every da
18、y except Saturday and Sunday.11 She asked me,Why do you want to do this?She asked me why I wanted to do that.13.She said to him,“Its time to go home.”12.Mr.Wang said,“I will leave for Shanghai next month.”Mr.Wang said that he would leave for Shanghai the next month.She told him that it was time to go home.
