1、不定式及其用法不定式及其用法一一.结构结构:to do；(否定否定)not to do 二二.时态与语态时态与语态时态时态一般式一般式进行式进行式主动语态主动语态to do to be doing被动语态被动语态to be done-to have beento have done 完成式完成式doneto have been-完成进行式完成进行式doing主动提出主动提出offer应用于应用于apply帮助帮助help失败失败(不能不能,没有没有)fail准备准备prepare假装假装pretend拒绝拒绝refuse碰巧碰巧happen负担得起负担得起afford要求要求ask,deman
2、d计划计划 plan,intend,mean努力努力manage,do/try ones best,make an attempt希望、愿意希望、愿意 wish,hope,desire,expect,long,want,would like,should like,would prefer同意同意 agree,promise决定决定 decide,determine,choose,make a decision,make up ones mind语法填空练习一：用括号内动词的正确形式填空语法填空练习一：用括号内动词的正确形式填空1.He stole something every day _
3、to pay(pay)for the bill.2.Teacher Wang is _(to meet meet)us thisafternoon.3.He told me _(to taketake)them to a shop in a nearby street.4.I continued _(to buy buy)cans from the same man for about six months.5.How many of them break the law inorder _(to paypay)for their drugs?语法填空练习二：语法填空练习二：to leave1
4、.Have you enjoyed your visit here?Yes,Ill be very sorry _.(leave)to go2.The lost child desired nothing but _ home.(go)to be sent3.Those letters are _ to the countryside right away.(send)To realize4._ our wishes,we must try our best to work well.(realize)not to drive6.Mrs Smith warned her daughter _
5、after drinking.(drive)to have forgotten7.Im sorry _ to turn off the light when I left the room.(forget)8.Now we could not do anything but _ for him waithere.(wait)9.Students pretended(假装假装)_ when to be readingthe teacher came into the classroom.(read)10.We didnt expect our offer _ so to be rejectedq
6、uickly.(reject)练习三：高考真题演练练习三：高考真题演练用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。1.She wished that he was as easy32 (please)as her mother,who was always delighted with perfume.(广东广东)to please1.to please句中已有谓语句中已有谓语was easy，please应为非谓语动词；因在形容词应为非谓语动词；因在形容词后作状语，只能用动词不定式，故填后作状语，只能用动词不定式，故填to please。to help2.For example,the
7、proverb,“plucking up a crop 32 (help)it grow”,is based on the following story.(广东广东)2.to help作目的状语，用动词不定式。作目的状语，用动词不定式。3.There were many talented actors out to be discoveredthere just waiting _(discover).(2010江西卷江西卷)3.to be discovered。动词动词wait后习惯后习惯上接不定式；另外，上接不定式；另外，actors与与discover之间为被动关系，即之间为被动关系，
8、即“等着被发现等着被发现”，故选不定式的被动式。故选不定式的被动式。4.We were astonished _(find)the to findtemple still in its original condition.(2010辽宁卷辽宁卷)4.to find。be astonished后要接不定后要接不定式表示原因。式表示原因。5.With Fathers Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank _(buy)presents to buyfor my dad.(2010全国卷全国卷I)5.to buy。
9、“给父亲买礼物给父亲买礼物”是是“从银从银行拿钱出来行拿钱出来”的目的，作目的状语，的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式。用动词不定式。to be published6.His first book _(publish)next month is based on a true story.(2010陕西卷陕西卷)6.to be published。根据句中的根据句中的next month可知是将出版，故要用不定式；又可知是将出版，故要用不定式；又因为因为book与与publish之间为被动关系，故要之间为被动关系，故要用不定式的被动式。用不定式的被动式。7.I have a lot of rea
10、dings _ to complete(complete)before the end of this term.(2010山东卷山东卷)7.to complete。表示有事要做，用表示有事要做，用“have+宾语宾语+不定式不定式”结构，其中的结构，其中的不定式用作定语，修饰其前的名词。不定式用作定语，修饰其前的名词。8.Many buildings in the city need repairing,but the one _ to be repaired(repair)first is the library.(2010重庆卷重庆卷)8.to be repaired。表示首先要修理的那
11、座表示首先要修理的那座建筑物，即表示未来，用动词不定式；又建筑物，即表示未来，用动词不定式；又the one与与repair是被动关系，故用不定式是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。的被动式。9.In many peoples opinion,that company,though relatively small,is pleasant _(deal)with.(2010to deal四四川卷川卷)10.to deal。在形容词在形容词easy,hard,difficult,pleasant等后作状语，用动词不定式，且等后作状语，用动词不定式，且习惯上要用主动形式表示被动含义。习惯上要用主动形式
12、表示被动含义。10.That is the only way we can imagine _(reduce)the overuse of to reducewater in students bathrooms.(2010上上海卷海卷)11.to reduce。不定式在此用作定语，修不定式在此用作定语，修饰饰the only way。其实，。其实，the only way还有还有两个定语，一个是两个定语，一个是we can imagine，另一，另一个是个是to reduce the overuse of water。考虑考虑consider建议建议suggest,advise完成完成fin
13、ish,complete想象想象imagine,fancy练习练习practise明白明白understand喜欢喜欢,欣赏欣赏 appreciate,enjoy错过错过,怀念怀念 miss阻止阻止prevent禁止禁止forbid,prohibit,ban避免避免包括包括原谅原谅讨论讨论报道报道承认承认介意介意冒险冒险忍受忍受escapeIncludeforgive,pardon,excusediscussreportadmitmindriskstand,bear,endure,put up with想要想要坚持坚持feel likeinsist on,persist in,stick to推迟推迟放弃放弃忙于忙于值得值得delay,put offgive up,quitbe busy inbe worth
