1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 1 Great scientists . 阅读理解 A (2018 广东中山纪念中学高三模拟 )Teacher, Lawyer, Doctor when someone says “career” ， these classic jobs are the first ones you think about, right? Weve found four uncommon careers with awesome and unusual benefits. Chief Listening Officer You may not have heard of
2、a Chief Listening Officer, but theyve probably heard from you. CLOs closely monitor social platforms and conversations to keep an eye (and ear！ ) on whats being said about their company or brand. Your work enables a fast response to any and all complaints, questions, or misinformation. Why its aweso
3、me: This job is on the rise. As more organizations rely on social media for market research and customer service, the position of CLO will only become more important. Food Stylist Mouthwatering restaurant commercials and wasteful magazine photographs of delicious food dont come easy: it takes the wo
4、rk of a food stylist to make it all happen. Armed with cooking skills, creative style, and tools ranging from lipstick to lard, you get food ready for its photograph. Why its awesome: This is one of those rare cooking jobs that provide chances to create, but dont require you to slave away in a resta
5、urant kitchen. Global Mobility Consultant As a global mobility consultant, you help employees make smooth transitions(过渡 ) into their new homes whether its in Bangkok, Berlin, or the next state over. Why its awesome: If youre the type who enjoys travel and likes learning about other cultures, system
6、s and traditions, this career could be a perfect fit. As companies continue to expand across borders, this position is expected to grow by 21 percent over the next few years. Computational Linguist Computational Linguists help computers and humans communicate with each other. More specifically, you
7、create computer programs that can translate, transcribe, and comprehend regular, human language. Why its awesome: This field is the front line for exciting technological areas 【 精品教育资源文库 】 like speech recognition and artificial intelligence. In other words, you could help create robots. 语篇导读 本文为说明文
8、，介绍了四种不同寻常的职业：首席收听官，食物造型师，全球流动性顾问和计算机语言学家。 1 What does a Chief Listening Officer do? A Do market research. B Listen to chief officers. C Respond to customers opinions. D Track social platforms and conversations. 解析 D 细节理解题。根据 Chief Listening Officer 中第一段第二句可知， CLO 的工作就是监听和搜集社交平台和对话中对他们任职公司的或品牌的谈论，其中
9、 Track 和文中的monitor 为同义词，故选 D 项。 2 What is vital if you want to be a food stylist? A Hard work in a restaurant kitchen. B Restaurants and delicious food. C Cooking skills and creativity. D Commercials and magazines. 解析 C 细节理解题。根据 Food Stylist 中第一段第二句可知，当你具备了厨艺、创新造型和工具，你就为你的食物拍照作好了准备，所以对食品造型师来说重要的是厨艺和
10、创造性，故选 C 项。 3 What may contribute to the growing need for global mobility consultants? A Peoples love for travel. B Peoples interest in other cultures. C Employees desire for great progress. D Companies tendency to expand globally. 解析 D 细节理解题。根据 Gobal Mobility Consultant 中第二段最后一句可知，导致对全球流动咨询师的需求上涨的原
11、因是各公司不断的跨国扩张 (发展 )，故选 D 项。 4 What are computational linguists good at according to the text? A Both computers and languages. B Communicating with others. C Speech recognition. D Creating robots. 解析 A 推理判断题。根据 Computational Linguist 中第一段第二句可知，计算机语言学家是编写程序使计算机能翻译、转换和理解人类常用语言，也就是说他们要对计算机和【 精品教育资源文库 】
12、人类语言都擅长才能完成这一工作，故选 A 项。 B Joseph Goldberger was a doctor for the United States Public Health Service and he was an advocate for scientific and social recognition of the links between poverty and disease. In 1914, Goldberger was asked by US Surgeon General Rupert Blue to study a skin disease that was
13、 killing thousands of people in the South. The disease was pellagra(糙皮病 ) Goldberger traveled to the state of Mississippi where many people suffered from pellagra. He studied the victims and their families. Most of the people lived a hard life. The doctor came to believe that the disease didnt pass
14、on from one to another, but was instead related to food. He received permission from the state governor to test this idea at a prison. Prisoners were offered pardons if they took part. One group of prisoners received their usual foods, mostly corn products. A second group ate meat, fresh vegetables
15、and drank milk. Members of the first group developed pellagra. The second group did not. But some medical researchers refused to accept Goldbergers idea. For the South, pellagra was more than simply a medical problem. There were other things, including Southern pride. So Goldberger had himself injec
16、ted(注射 ) with blood from a person with pellagra. He also took liquid from the nose and throat of a pellagra patient and put them into his own nose and throat. He even swallowed pills that contained skin from pellagra patients. An assistant also took part in the experiments. So did Goldbergers wife.
17、None of them got sick. Joseph Goldberger died of cancer in 1929. He was fiftyfive years old. Several years later, researchers discovered the exact cause of pellagra: a lack of vitamin B3 known as niacin. 语篇导读 本文为记叙文，介绍了美国医生约瑟夫 古德伯格研究糙皮病的患病原因的过程。约瑟夫 古德伯格医生的认真、牺牲精神令人感动。 5 Who were easy targets of pell
18、agra according to Goldberger? A People in America. B People put into prison. C People having a poor diet. D People touching pellagra patients. 解析 C 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句，再结合古德伯格在监狱进行的实验的内容可【 精品教育资源文库 】 知，在古德伯格看来，糙皮病和食物有关，而且患者大多生活条件差；再结合实验中提到的主要吃玉米制品的犯人最后患上了该病可知，不良的饮食容易导致人们患糙皮病，故选 C项。 6 What did Goldberger
19、 want to prove by the experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4? A Pellagra wasnt so terrible. B Pellagra didnt spread. C Pellagra could be cured. D Pellagra wasnt a medical problem. 解析 B 推理判断题。根据第二段提到的古德伯格认为糙皮病不是传染病以及第四段中提到的他为了证明自己的观点而进行的实验的内容和结果可推知，古德伯格进行实验是为了证明糙皮病不会传染，故选 B 项 。 7 Which words can be use
20、d to describe Goldberger? A Devoted and determined. B Selfless and friendly. C Patient and expert. D Stubborn and enthusiastic. 解析 A 推理判断题。文中提到的古德伯格在监狱及在他自己身上作实验的内容表明他全心全意地投入到对糙皮病的研究中，有奉献精神；尽管一些人不认可古德伯格的观点，但他仍坚持自己的看法并坚决地去证明自己的观点是正 确的，这体现出他意志坚定，故选 A项。 . 语法填空 Scientists have discovered that 1 staying
21、(stay) in the cold could help us lose weight. Researchers at the University of California found that exposure to the cold increases levels of a protein that helps form brown fat the type of fat that produces heat and keeps us warm. Brown fat burns energy, 2 which helps us lose weight. White fat stor
22、es extra energy, which results 3 in weight gain. The researchers said that because air conditioning and heating give us constant, 4 comfortable (comfort) temperatures, our bodys need for brown fat has decreased. They found that outdoor workers in northern Finland who 5 are exposed (expose) to cold temperature have 6 a significant amount of brown fat when 7 compared (compare) to sameaged indoor workers. The research was conducted on two different control groups of mice. 8 One group was injected with the protein that helps create brown fat. Th
