1、（madeofdingshangtuwenmadeofdingshangtuwen）RevisionofNon-restrictiveAttributiveClausesUnit5Grammar1.Theyvewontheirlastthreematches,2.whichIfindabitsurprisingactually.3.2.ImetMr.Huangthismorning,whois4.ourgeneralmanager.3.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,ofwhichNewYorkisanexampl
2、e.4.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,fromwhoseeffectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.5.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago,whenitwassopoorlyequipped.6.AsIexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.1.定定语语从从句句：修修饰饰某某一一名名词词或或代代词词的的从从句句叫叫定
3、定语语从从句句。定定语语从从句句一一般般紧紧跟跟在在它它所所修修饰饰的的先先行行词词之之后后。2.先先行行词词：被被定定语语从从句句修修饰饰的的词词叫叫先先行行词词。3.关关系系词词：引引导导定定语语从从句句的的词词叫叫关关系系词词。R Re ev vi is si io on n 关关系系词词有有关关系系代代词词和和关关系系副副词词。关关系系代代词词有有that,which,who,whom,whose,as；关关系系副副词词有有when,where,why。关关系系词词通通常常有有下下列列三三个个作作用用：A.引引导导定定语语从从句句 B.代代替替先先行行词词 C.在在定定语语从从句句中中
4、担担当当一一个个成成分分 限限制制性性定定语语从从句句(restrictive)非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句(non-restrictive）定定语语从从句句 TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonly personthatIcoulddependon.老老师师告告诉诉 我我说说汤汤姆姆是是我我唯唯一一的的可可以以依依靠靠的的人人。Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.他他妈妈妈妈十十分分地地爱爱他他，对对他他要要求求很很严严格格。限限制制性性定定语语从从句句:所所谓谓限限制制性性定定语语从从句句就就是是先先行行
5、词词在在意意义义上上不不可可缺缺少少的的定定语语,如如果果去去掉掉,主主句句就就失失去去意意义义或或意意义义不不完完整整。这这种种从从句句和和先先行行词词的的关关系系十十分分密密切切,写写时时不不用用逗逗号号和和主主句句分分开开。限限制制性性定定语语从从句句和和非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句:Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.我我是是我我们们办办公公室室唯唯一一被被邀邀请请的的人人。(如如果果把把从从句句部部分分去去掉掉,整整个个句句子子的的含含义义就就变变了了。)非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句:非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句和和主主句句的
6、的关关系系并并不不十十分分密密切切,只只是是对对先先行行词词做做些些附附加加说说明明,如如果果去去掉掉,主主句句的的意意思思仍仍然然清清楚楚。这这种种从从句句和和主主句句之之间间往往往往用用逗逗号号隔隔开开。在在讲讲话话时时须须停停顿顿，一一般般不不用用that引引导导。1.Hisdog,whichwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.他他的的狗狗当当时时很很老老了了,生生病病后后就就死死了了。(去去掉掉从从句句,主主句句的的意意义义仍仍然然完完整整:他他的的狗狗生生病病死死了了。)2.YesterdayImetLiLei,whoseemedtobeverybusy.昨
7、昨天天我我碰碰上上李李雷雷了了,他他好好象象很很忙忙。(去去掉掉从从句句,意意义义仍仍然然完完整整:昨昨天天我我碰碰上上李李雷雷了了。)限限制制性性定定语语从从句句非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句形形式式上上不不用用逗逗号号“，”与与主主句句隔隔开开用用逗逗号号“，”与与主主句句隔隔开开意意义义上上是是先先行行词词不不可可缺缺少少的的定定语语，如如删删除除，主主句句则则失失去去意意义义或或意意思思表表达达不不完完整整只只是是对对先先行行词词的的补补充充说说明明，如如删删除除，主主句句仍仍能能表表达达完完整整的的意意思思。限限制制性性定定语语从从句句和和非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句的的区区别
8、别限限制制性性定定语语从从句句和和非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句的的区区别别限限制制性性定定语语从从句句非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句译译法法上上译译成成先先行行词词的的定定语语：“的的”通通常常译译成成主主句句的的并并列列句句关关系系词词的的使使用用上上1.作作宾宾语语时时可可省省略略1.不不可可省省略略2.可可用用that2.不不用用that3.可可用用who代代替替whom3.不不可可用用who代代替替whom1.A.ThisistheplacewhereIlivedten2.yearsago.B.SheisgoingtospendthewinterholidayinMacao,wh
9、ichreturnedtoChinain1999.2.A.HeisamanwhoIcanaskforhelp.B.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.限限制制性性定定语语从从句句和和先先行行词词关关系系密密切切，如如果果去去掉掉从从句句，剩剩余余部部分分意意义义不不完完整整；非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句只只是是先先行行词词的的附附加加说说明明，如如果果去去掉掉从从句句，意意义义仍仍然然完完整整。Allthemagazinesherewhichhavebeautifulpicturesinthemwerewrittenbyhim.里里面
10、面有有漂漂亮亮图图画画的的那那些些杂杂志志是是他他写写的的。Allthemagazineshere,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.所所有有的的杂杂志志都都是是他他写写的的,里里面面都都有有漂漂亮亮的的图图画画。有有时时同同一一个个限限制制性性从从句句变变为为非非限限制制性性从从句句会会改改变变全全句句的的意意思思。（杂杂志志有有带带图图画画和和不不带带图图画画两两类类）（杂杂志志只只有有一一种种）Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.当当先先行行词词是是地地名名人人名名、
11、世世界界上上独独一一无无二二的的事事物物或或家家庭庭唯唯一一成成员员时时，通通常常只只用用非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句。Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingrapidly.在在ofwhich/whom之之前前可可以以使使用用表表达达数数量量或或定定位位的的数数词词或或代代词词。1.Iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises,allofwhicharequitehelpfultomyhealth.2.Manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweight,aregoingondiets.3.Therear
12、e54studentsinmyclass,threeofwhomcomefromtheUS.ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.P Pl le ea as se ec co ommp pa ar re e:Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularw
13、iththestudents.分分析析两两种种定定语语从从句句省省略略后后的的结结果果ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.限限制制性性定定语语从从句句省省略略后后主主语语所所指指就就不不明明确确，所所以以不不能能省省略略。非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句和和单单句句的的比比较较1.Hefailedintheexam._madehisparentsangry.2.Hefailedintheexam,_madehisparentsangry.3.Hehastwosons.Bothof_areteachers.4.Heh
14、astwosons,bothof_areteachers.Thiswhichwhomthemthat一一、非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句通通常常不不能能用用that引引导导。1.Ilikethebook,whichwasboughtyesterday.我我喜喜欢欢这这本本书书，这这是是昨昨天天买买的的。2.Ilikethebookwhich/thatwasboughtyesterday.我我喜喜欢欢昨昨天天买买的的那那本本书书。非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句应应注注意意以以下下几几点点：二二、非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句不不能能用用why引引导导要要用用forwhich代代替替why。
15、1.Ihadtoldthemthereason,forwhichIdidntattendthemeeting.我我已已经经把把理理由由告告诉诉了了他他们们，为为此此我我没没有有去去开开会会。2.IhadtoldthemthereasonwhyIdidntattendthemeeting.我我告告诉诉了了他他们们我我不不去去开开会会的的理理由由。(限限制制性性定定语语从从句句“thereasonwhy.”是是常常见见搭搭配配。)三三、非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句置置于于句句首首时时，不不能能用用which引引导导。关关系系代代词词as引引导导非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句位位置置比比较较灵
16、灵活活，可可以以放放主主句句前前，也也可可以以放放主主句句后后。1.AsIexpected,hedidntbelieveme.正正如如我我所所预预料料的的，他他不不相相信信我我。2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,whichbroughtherheartintohermouth.她她听听到到一一个个可可怕怕的的声声音音，这这让让她她把把心心都都提提到到嗓嗓子子眼眼了了。四四、非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句由由“介介词词+关关系系代代词词”引引导导时时，其其中中的的关关系系代代词词不不能能用用as。1.Heboughtthecarformorethan$20,000,withwh
17、ichhisfatherwasangry.他他花花两两万万多多美美元元买买了了这这辆辆车车，他他父父亲亲对对此此很很生生气气。2.Ifinishedmyworkaheadoftime,afterwhichIsatsometimereadingthenewspaper.我我提提前前干干完完了了我我的的活活，随随后后我我坐坐着着看看了了会会儿儿报报纸纸。五五、在在非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句中中，指指人人的的关关系系代代词词作作宾宾语语时时，只只能能用用宾宾格格whom;不不能能用用who替替换换，也也不不能能省省略略。1.DoyouknowTom,whomwetalkedabout?你你认认
18、识识汤汤姆姆吗吗?我我们们谈谈到到过过他他。2.Thisbook,whichyoucangetatanybookshop,willgiveyoualltheinformationyouneed.这这本本书书会会给给你你提提供供所所有有你你需需要要的的资资料料，它它在在任任何何一一家家书书店店都都能能买买到到。(非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句中中引引导导词词在在从从句句中中作作宾宾语语，无无论论指指人人还还是是指指物物都都不不能能省省略略。)六六、Which可可指指前前面面整整个个句句子子。Thesunsendsoutlightandheat,whichmakesitpossibleforli
19、vingthingstoexistontheearth.太太阳阳发发出出光光和和热热，这这使使得得生生物物能能够够在在地地球球上上生生存存。Hisfatherisanengineer,_makeshimveryproud.A.forwhatB.whichC.thatD.what1.YesterdayMr.Lifinallyboughthisownhouse,_isahospital.A.inwhereB.totheeastofwhichC.totheeastofitD.intheeastofthat2.Mybrotherspurse,_heput￥1,000,wasmissingonthebu
20、s.A.thereB.whichC.inwhichD.that课课堂堂练练兵兵3.Hisglasses,_hecouldseenothing,wastakenawaybyanaughtyboy.A.whichB.withoutwhichC.withwhichD.withoutthose4.Thecomputer,_hepaid￥3,000,wasonceownedbyhisuncle.A.whichB.forwhichC.thatD.tothat5.Inthepastwelostmanychances,_wepaidlittleattention.A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD
21、.towhich6.Thepen,_Ihadbeenwritingfortenyears,wasbroken.A.withwhichB.withthatC.asD.withit7.Maryhastwobrothers,_aredoctors.A.bothoftheyB.bothofwhomC.bothofthemD.whomofboth8.OnthewayhomeImetmyfriendJohn,from_homethethiefhadstolenacomputer.A.whomB.whichC.thatD.whose9.Paul,_everyonesuspected,turnedouttob
22、einnocent.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.whom10.Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork,_heoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.A.whatB.asC.thatD.who11.Sheshowedherteacherareason,_shewaslateforschoolthedaybeforeyesterday.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.why12.The10:00train,_isusuallyverypunctual,waslatethismorning.A.asB.w
23、henC.thatD.which 1.Iwalkedinourgarden,_ TomandJimweretyingabigsign ontooneofthetrees.(2005辽辽宁宁卷卷)A.whichB.when C.whereD.that 2.TheBeatles,_manyofyou areoldenoughtoremember,came fromLiverpool.(2006天天津津卷卷)A.whatB.that C.howD.as 3.ShewaseducatedatBeijing University,_shewentontohave heradvancedstudyabro
24、ad.(2006陕陕西西卷卷)A.afterwhichB.fromwhich C.fromthatD.afterthat4.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse，_wantedtobuyit.(2007安安徽徽卷卷)A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom5.Itisreportedthattwoschools,_arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.(2007四四川川卷卷)A.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthe
25、mD.bothofwhich6.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_arebeyondourcontrol.(2008湖湖南南卷卷)A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat7.TheywillflytoWashington,_theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.(2008重重庆庆卷卷)A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when8.Manychildren,_parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,a
26、retakengoodcareofinthevillage(2009安安徽徽卷卷)A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom9.WheneverImether,_wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.(2009山山东东卷卷)A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that10.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,_isnamedafterhisgrandfather.(2010全全国国I)A.whichB.WhereC.WhatD.that11.Thesettlementishometo
27、nearly1,000people,manyof_lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.(2010浙浙江江卷卷)A.whomB.whichC.themD.thoseFillintheblankswithproperrelativewords.1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_isanAmerican,cametoChinayesterday.2.Inthosedays,sheusedtogotoMrBlack,with_shehadawonderfultime.3.Iboughtacaryesterday,_costmealot.whowhomwhich4.Xian,_Ivisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.5.HewillcometoseemenextJuly,_hewontbesobusy.6.Theschool,_Ioncestudied,wasbuiltthirtyyearsago.7.Johnsaidhedbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,_wastrue.whenwherewhichwhich
