1、(江苏专用)2020届高考英语一轮复习专题六情态动词和虚拟语气课件五年高考A组 自主命题江苏卷题组1.(2019江苏,31)What a pity!You missed the sightseeing,or we a good time together.A.had B.will haveC.would have hadD.had had答案答案 C句意:真遗憾啊!你错过了这次游览,否则我们就可以一起度过一段愉快的时光了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知,并列连词or在句中意为“否则,要不然”,为含蓄条件的一种表达方式,后面的部分与过去的事实相反,故用“would have done”的形式。2
2、.(2018江苏,24)Its strange that he have taken the books without the owners permission.A.would B.shouldC.couldD.might答案答案 B句意:简直是太不可思议了,他竟然未得到主人的允许就把这些书拿走了。本题考查情态动词。根据语境可知,他未经主人同意拿走书简直不可思议,should可以表示“竟然”,此处should have done是对过去发生过的事情表示惊讶,故选B项。试题分析试题分析本题考查了should表示“竟然”,算是对情态动词的考查。但是命题者又把题干设置成Its strange t
3、hat+从句,这也可以认为考查虚拟语气。但不管考查什么,都能得出should这个答案,不知是不是命题者有意降低难度。3.(2018江苏,27)There is a good social life in the village,and I wish I a second chance to become more involved.A.had B.will haveC.would have hadD.have had答案答案 A句意:这个村子里(的人们)有良好的社交生活,我希望自己还有机会去更多地参与其中。本题考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句中往往用虚拟语气,此处表达现在的一个愿望,谓语动
4、词要用过去式,故选A项。4.(2017江苏,22)not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her dif-ficulty.A.It wereB.Were itC.It wasD.Was it 答案答案 B句意:没有老师们的支持,这个学生不可能克服她的困难。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的the student could not overcome可知,语境是对现在事实的虚拟,be动词在虚拟语气中通常用were。当if虚拟条件句中省略了if时,从句部分应用倒装结构,故选B项。5.(2016江苏,27)If
5、 it for his invitation the other day,I should not be here now.A.had not been B.should not beC.were not to beD.should not have been答案答案 A 句意:如果不是因为那天他的邀请,我现在是不会在这里的。本题应用虚拟语气。根据语境可知,本题应用虚拟语气,又根据主句中的now和从句中的the other day可知本句是一个错综时间条件句,主句和现在的事实相反,从句和过去的事实相反,故从句应用过去完成时态,故选A。评析评析 本题题干简短,容易理解。虚拟语气用在if引导的条件
6、状语从句中,判断与什么时间的事实相反非常关键,因此本题中时间状语the other day是判断的一个重要依据。6.(2015江苏,28)It might have saved me some trouble the schedule.A.did I knowB.have I knownC.do I know D.had I known答案答案 D句意:要是我知道安排的话,可能会省一些事儿。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知,空格处为省略了if的条件状语从句,had I known the schedule=if I had known the schedule。该从句表示与过去事实相反,故选D项
7、。评析评析省略if的非真实条件句比较容易被学生忽视。本题主句的虚拟形式might have done是判断从句虚拟形式的重要依据。在if条件句中,主从句的虚拟形式经常互为“已知条件”。1.(2019天津,14)The workers were not better organized,otherwise they the task in half the time.A.accomplished B.had accomplishedC.would accomplishD.would have accomplishedB组 统一命题、其他省（区、市）卷题组答案答案 D本题考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们
8、没有被更好地组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成这项任务。表示对过去的虚拟,需用would/could/might/should have done sth.的形式,故选D项。2.(2018北京,12)In todays information age,the loss of data cause serious problems for a company.A.needB.should C.canD.must答案 C句意:在当今的信息时代,对于一个公司来说,数据的丢失会造成严重的后果。本题考查情态动词。need需要;should应该,竟然;can可能,可以;must必须,一定。根据句意可知
9、,此处应为情态动词表示推测,排除A、B两项;can通常用在否定句中表示推测,但用在肯定句中表示一种客观的可能性,符合此语境;must表示十分有把握的推测,和语境不符。故选C项。3.(2018北京,13)They might have found a better hotel if they a few more kilometers.A.drove B.would driveC.were to driveD.had driven答案答案 D句意:如果行驶的路途再远一些,他们或许就会找到一个更好的宾馆了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中主句的谓语might have found可知是对过去的虚拟,因
10、此if引导的从句中谓语动词形式应为had done,故选D项。4.(2018天津,10)I cant find my purse.I it in the supermarket yesterday,but Im not sure.A.should leaveB.must have leftC.might leave D.could have left答案答案 D句意:我找不到我的钱包了。我可能昨天把它落在超市了,但我不确定。本题考查情态动词。根据时间状语yesterday可知,丢失钱包在昨天,设空处应表示对过去事情的推测,排除A、C两项;must have done sth.过去一定做了某事,
11、根据but Im not sure可知,说话者推测的语气不是很肯定,排除B项;could have done过去可能已经做了某事,符合语境,故选D项。5.(2018天津,15)If we the flight yesterday,we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A.had caught B.caughtC.have caught D.would catch答案答案 A句意:如果昨天我们赶上那趟航班了,我们现在就会在沙滩上享受我们的假期了。本题考查虚拟语气。本句是一个错综时间条件句,主句与现在事实相反,if引导的从句与过去事实相
12、反,其谓语动词需用“had+过去分词”形式,故选A项。6.(2017北京,21)Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,easily reach the books on the top shelf.A.Must B.shouldC.canD.need答案答案 C句意:Samuel是我们班里最高的男孩,他可以轻松地够到书架顶层的书。本题考查情态动词。can可以,能够;must必须;should应该;need需要。根据语境可知,此处应用情态动词can表示能力。故选C项。7.(2017北京,34)If the new safety system to use,the
13、 accident would never have happened.A.had been putB.were putC.should be putD.would be put 答案答案 A句意:如果新的安全系统被投入使用,这起事故就不会发生了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的主句谓语部分would never have happened可知,事故已经发生,语境是对过去发生的事进行虚拟,if引导的从句谓语部分应为had done形式,故选A项。8.(2017天津,2)My room is a mess,but I clean it before I go out tonight.I can d
14、o it in the morning.A.darent B.shouldntC.needntD.mustnt答案答案 C句意:我的房间很乱,但是在今晚外出之前我不必打扫它,我可以早晨打扫。本题考查情态动词。darent不敢;shouldnt不应该;neednt不必;mustnt禁止。根据I can do it in the morning可知,我不必打扫房间,故选C项。9.(2017天津,15)Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes.Otherwise,I able to reach her yesterday.A.hadnt beenB.wouldnt ha
15、ve beenC.werent D.wouldnt be答案答案 B句意:你有Betty的电话号码吗?有。否则,昨天我就不能联系到她了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的yesterday可知,此处是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟,设空处应为would have done的形式。故选B项。otherwise相当于If I hadnt had Bettys phone number。10.(2016北京,31)I love the weekend,because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A.neednt B.mustntC.wouldntD.shou
16、ldnt答案答案 A句意:我爱周末,因为在周六和周日我不必早起。本题考查情态动词。neednt不必;mustnt禁止;wouldnt不愿意;shouldnt不应该。根据句意选A项。11.(2016北京,34)Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week?If you me,I could have helped.A.told B.had toldC.were to tellD.would tell答案答案 B句意:你上周为什么不告诉我你遇到的麻烦?如果你告诉我,我可以帮你的。本题考查虚拟语气。根据时间状语last week可知,此处表示与
17、过去事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用would/could/should/might+have done。故选B项。12.(2016天津,5)It was really annoying;I get access to the data bank you had recommended.A.wouldnt B.couldntC.shouldntD.neednt答案答案 B句意:真令人恼火。我不能进入你推荐的数据库。本题考查情态动词。wouldnt不愿意;couldnt不能够;shouldnt不应该;neednt不必。根据句意可知,进不了数据库使我感到很恼火,故选B项。1
18、3.(2016天津,15)I was wearing a seat belt.If I hadnt been wearing one,I .A.were injured B.would be injuredC.had been injuredD.would have been injured答案答案 D句意:我那时系着安全带呢。如果我没系安全带的话,我就受伤了。本题考查虚拟语气。第一句用了过去进行时,说明此处是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用would/could/should/might+have done。故选D项。14.(2016浙江,15)Had th
19、e governments and scientists not worked together,AIDS-related deaths since their highest in 2005.A.had not fallenB.would not fallC.did not fall D.would not have fallen答案答案 D句意:如果政府和科学家不合作的话,与艾滋病有关的死亡人数就不会在2005年达到顶峰后下降了。本题考查虚拟语气。Had the governments and scientists not worked together为省略了if的条件从句if the
20、governments and scientists had not.,是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用would/could/should/might+have done。故选D项。15.(2016浙江,17)George too far.His coffee is still warm.A.must have goneB.might have goneC.cant have gone D.neednt have gone答案答案 C句意:George不可能走太远。他的咖啡还是热的。本题考查情态动词。must have done sth.一定做过某事;mi
21、ght have done sth.可能做过某事;cant have done sth.不可能做过某事;neednt have done sth.本不必做某事,但做了。根据His coffee is still warm可知,George不可能走太远,故选C项。16.(2015北京,29)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone.A.mayB.can C.mustD.dare答案答案 C句意:难道你不能再多逗留一会儿吗?时间不早了。现在我确实得走了。我的女儿独
22、自一人在家。本题考查情态动词。may可能,可以;can能够,可能;must必须,一定;dare敢。根据语境可知,天太晚了而女儿一个人在家“我”不放心,所以必须得走。故选C项。17.(2015陕西,21)You feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.A.should B.needC.shall D.may答案答案 D句意:你可能觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间,但是我百分之百地确信以后你会感到庆幸你这么做了。本题考查情态动词。shoul
23、d应该;need需要;shall必须,和第二人称连用可表示命令;may可能,表推测,符合题意,故选D项。18.(2015重庆,12)You be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.A.mustB.can C.willD.shall答案答案 A句意:你一定是Carol,这么多年过去了你一点也没变。本题考查情态动词。根据语境可知此处表示对现在情况的肯定推测,应用must,故选A项。19.(2015陕西,23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her.A.dance
24、B.will danceC.had dancedD.danced答案答案 D句意:Ellen是一个非常优秀的舞者,我希望我能跳得像她一样好。本题考查虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句中用一般过去时表示对现在的虚拟,故选D项。20.(2015重庆,7)Without his wartime experiences,Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.didnt write B.hadnt writtenC.wouldnt writeD.wouldnt have written答案答案 D句意:如果没有战时经历的话,海明威就不会写出他著名的小
25、说永别了,武器。本题考查虚拟语气。Without his wartime experiences相当于If he hadnt had his wartime expe-riences,主句谓语动词应用would have done结构,表示与过去事实相反的虚拟,故选D项。1.(2015四川,2)You be careful with the camera.It costs!A.mustB.mayC.canD.willC组 教师专用题组答案答案 A 句意:你必须小心使用这个相机,它很贵的!本题考查情态动词。must必须;may可能;can能够;will将。根据句意可知选A。2.(2015浙江,4
26、)It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A.couldnt B.shouldntC.mustntD.neednt答案答案 A句意:这里如此嘈杂以至于我们无法听到自己说话。本题考查情态动词。根据语境可知此处表达“我们不能听到自己说话”,故选A项。3.(2015天津,7)I have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A.mightnt B.mustntC.needntD.couldnt答案答案 C句意:在进
27、入这所新学校之前我本没必要担心,因为这里我的同班同学对我很友好。本题考查情态动词。根据语境可知,此处表达“过去对某事担心过,但现在看来这种担心没有必要”,故选C项。评析评析情态动词是一个语法难点,尤其是“情态动词+have done”的用法。要准确掌握几个常见的情态动词与完成时连用时所表达的含义:是肯定推测还是否定推测,是可能性还是必要性,是抱怨批评还是遗憾后悔。4.(2015福建,27)Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.Oh,its too bad.You have made full preparations.A.must B.can C
28、.wouldD.should答案答案 D句意:对不起,妈妈!这次工作面试我又失败了。噢,太糟了。你本应该做好充分准备的。本题考查情态动词。must have done过去一定做过;can have done过去可能做了;would have done用于与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中;should have done过去本该做但没有做。根据its too bad可知,妈妈在责怪孩子,认为孩子没有好充分准备。故选D项。5.(2015安徽,32)It is lucky we booked a room,or we nowhere to stay now.A.had B.had hadC.would h
29、aveD.would have had答案答案 C句意:很幸运,我们预订了一个房间,要不然我们现在就没有地方可以住了。本题考查虚拟语气。or前面是真实的情况,or后面表示对现在的虚拟,用would do的形式,故选C项。6.(2015北京,34)If I it with my own eyes,I wouldnt have believed it.A.didnt see B.werent seeingC.wouldnt seeD.hadnt seen答案答案 D句意:如果不是我亲眼看到,我是不会相信的。本题考查虚拟语气。由主句谓语“wouldnt have believed”可知此处为与过去事
30、实相反的虚拟,故选D项。7.(2015天津,13)I wish I at my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.A.will be B.would beC.have been D.had been答案答案 D句意:我要是上周二能参加我姐姐的婚礼就好了,可是那时我正在纽约出差。本题考查虚拟语气。wish后接宾语从句时,从句应用虚拟语气。根据last Tuesday可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,谓语部分应用had done形式,故选D项。1.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查
31、二,28)Mum,little Ray broke his toys again!It doesnt matter.You see,accidents happen.A.shallB.shouldC.mustD.will三年模拟A组 20172019年高考模拟考点基础题组答案答案 D句意:妈妈,小Ray又弄坏他的玩具了!不要紧。你知道,意外总是会发生的。本题考查情态动词。will表示倾向性,经常性,必然性,符合语境,故选D项。2.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查一,24)Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he go out and buy some
32、thing,usually something large and useless.A.should B.could C.would D.might答案答案 C句意:Ann说,无论何时,她爸爸不开心的时候就会出去买点东西,通常是一些大而无用的东西。本题考查情态动词的用法。would表示某种倾向或习惯性动作,符合语境,故选C项。3.(2019江苏南通一模,30)If it had not been for the heroes contributions and sacrifices,we such a happy life.A.wouldnt have led B.wouldnt be lea
33、dingC.havent led D.are not leading答案答案 B句意:如果不是英雄们的贡献和牺牲,我们现在不会过着幸福的生活。本题考查虚拟语气。从句与过去事实相反,谓语用had done结构;主句与现在事实相反,谓语应用would+动词原形结构,故选B项。4.(2019江苏镇江一模,27)I felt like giving up.I probably ,but my dad whispered,“Come on!You can make it.”A.would have B.would C.should D.should have答案答案 A句意:我想要放弃。我可能已经放弃了
34、,但是我父亲低声说道,“加油!你能成功的。”本题考查虚拟语气。根据I felt like giving up可知,我过去想要放弃,但是在父亲的鼓励下,我并没有放弃,即本想要做某事而没有做,应用would have done,句中用了省略形式,完整句子为I probably would have given up.。故选A项。5.(2019江苏扬州一模,33)If she make such a simple wish as not to be teased for disability last Christmas,Amy would still feel lonely now.A.had d
35、ared not B.hadnt dared to C.dared not D.didnt dare to答案答案 B句意:如果Amy在去年的圣诞节不敢许下如此简单的愿望不因为残疾而被嘲笑,她现在仍然会感到孤独。本题考查虚拟语气。根据last Christmas可知,从句与过去事实相反,应用had done结构;dare作为实意动词的固定用法为dare to do sth.,故选B项。解题技巧解题技巧本题结合dare的用法考查虚拟语气,属于考查英语知识的综合运用能力。考生可以先抓住一个知识点进行排除。本题可以先根据虚拟语气排除C、D两项,然后再结合dare的具体用法,做出最终的选择。6.(20
36、19江苏第二次百校联考,13)Keep your spirits up even if you fail hundreds of times.A.must B.need C.may D.should答案答案 C句意:即使你可能失败了几百次,也要保持士气高昂。本题考查情态动词的用法。must必须,一定;need需要;may可能,或许;should应该。此处表示一种不确定的推测,故选C项。7.(2019江苏徐州第一次质检,24)Its really great to have a computer to store my photos.Dont count on it too much.It br
37、eak down and youd better make a copy of them.A.must B.canC.should D.will答案答案 B句意:有一台电脑来存储我的照片真是太好了。别太指望它。它可能会发生故障,你最好把它们复制一份。本题考查情态动词的用法。must必须,肯定;can能够,有可能;should应该;will会。can可以用在肯定句中表示推测,表示客观存在的可能性,故选B项。8.(2019江苏泰州中学、宜兴中学等校4月联合调研,34)Why I drive so many miles away for a supper when I can easily have
38、 it at one of the restaurants nearby?A.might B.couldC.wouldD.must答案答案 D句意:在我可以很方便地在附近的一家餐馆吃饭的情况下,我为什么非要开车这么多英里去吃个晚饭?本题考查情态动词的用法。might可以,有可能;could能够;would 会;must必须,肯定,非要。must可以表示非要,含有质疑、责备的语气,故选D项。9.(2018江苏常州一模,29)Why didnt you move to another city when you finished your further study abroad?I wanted
39、 to,but she simply let me go.A.couldnt B.wouldntC.shouldnt haveD.mustnt have答案答案 B句意:既然你完成了在国外的深造,你为什么不搬到其他城市去呢?我也想,但她实在不愿意让我走。本题考查情态动词。couldnt不能,不可能;shouldnt have done本不该做却做了;mustnt have done形式错误;wouldnt不愿意,符合题意,故选B项。10.(2018江苏镇江一模,25)Volunteers and charities,as well as many churches,arrange meals
40、for the homeless and those who otherwise be alone on Christmas Day.A.can B.shouldC.wouldD.may答案答案 C句意:志愿者和慈善组织以及许多教堂,为无家可归的人和要不然只能独自过圣诞节的人安排了伙食。本题考查虚拟语气。在who引导的定语从句中,otherwise相当于if they didnt arrange meals,表示对现在情况的含蓄虚拟,此处的谓语应用would do的形式。故选C项。11.(2018江苏苏锡常镇5月教学情况调研,34)Its so cold here!Why havent you
41、 turned on your air conditioner?Well,it turn on.A.shouldnt B.cantC.wont D.shant答案答案 C句意:这里如此冷!为什么你不开空调呢?哎,它就是打不开啊。本题考查情态动词。will/wont可用于叙述在某种情况下是真实或可能的事,符合语境,故选C项。12.(2017江苏苏锡常镇一模,33)Nowadays people seem to become more and more selfish.How much better life would be if we to the values of the past!A.w
42、ere to return B.had returnedC.return D.will return答案答案 A句意:如今,人似乎变得越来越自私。如果我们能够重回过去的价值观,生活该多好啊!本题考查虚拟语气。根据该句主句的关键信息would be可知,应用虚拟语气;再根据句意可知,此处表示对将来情况的假设,其表达形式有三种:were to do sth./should do sth./did sth.,故选A项。13.(2017江苏南京、盐城二模,32)He was greatly shocked at Donald Trumps taking office.Nev-er did he exp
43、ect that the voters be so unreasonable.A.should B.couldC.wouldD.might答案答案 A句意:他对唐纳德特朗普的上任感到很震惊。他从来没有想到投票人居然会如此不公正。本题考查情态动词。should 应该,居然;could 可能,能够;would(will的过去式)将会;might 可能。根据关键信息shocked和Never did he expect可知,应用should,表示意外或者在说话人看来是不可思议的情况。故选A项。14.(2017江苏苏北四市第一次调研,34)So boring and exhausted!Id rath
44、er I hadnt been invit-ed to the party.Oh,no.If so,I a quiet night at home.A.didnt enjoy B.hadnt enjoyedC.couldnt have enjoyedD.couldnt enjoy答案答案 C句意:又累又无聊!我宁愿没被邀请去参加聚会。哦,不要啊。如果这样,我就不能在家享受一个安静的晚上了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据对话内容可知,由于第一个人去参加聚会,第二个人享受了一个安静的晚上。If so相当于If you hadnt been invited to the party,表示对过去情况的假设,主
45、句谓语用would/could/should/might have done结构,故选C项。15.(2017江苏苏锡常镇一模,23)Sherry rang to say she was too busy to come.Well,she say that.She is always making excuses.A.mustnt B.wouldC.neednt D.should 答案答案 B句意:Sherry打电话过来说她很忙不能来了。嗯,她是会说这种话的。她总是编造借口。本题考查情态动词。would表示某人过去的习惯,根据上句的 rang可以看出来是在讲发生过的事情。mustnt禁止;nee
46、dnt 不需要,不必;should应该,居然。根据题意选B项。16.(2017江苏南通一模,27)Im sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline.With better equipment,I the task on schedule.A.would accomplish B.might have accomplishedC.must have accomplished D.could accomplish 答案答案 B句意:很遗憾,我没有赶上截止日期。要是设备更好些,我可能会按时完成任务的。本题考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知,我已经错过了最后期限,所以
47、能按时完成是对过去的虚拟,应用would/could/should/might have done结构,故选B项。1.(2019江苏南京、盐城三模,29)Excuse me,do you mind if I open the window?Well,if you I can put on more clothes.A.canB.may C.mustD.shallB组 20172019年高考模拟专题综合题组答案答案 C句意:对不起,你介意我开窗吗?嗯,如果你一定要开,我可以多穿点衣服。本题考查情态动词。can能够;may可以,可能;must必须,非得要;shall将要,必须。故选C项。2.(20
48、19江苏苏北七市三模,25)This area has changed beyond recognition.Indeed.But for the reform and opening-up policy,people here out of poverty.A.wouldnt be liftedB.wouldnt have been liftedC.werent lifted D.hadnt been lifted答案答案 B句意:这个地区已经变得认不出来了。确实。要不是改革开放政策,这里的人们不会摆脱贫困。本题考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知,这里已经发生了巨变,说明人们已经摆脱贫困,此处是与过
49、去事实相反的假设,应用would/should/could/might+have done 结构,故选B项。3.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查一,30)The accident which left 15 people on board dead if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.A.should have avoided B.should be avoided C.could have avoided D.could have been avoided 答案答案 D句意:如果那位愤怒的女性乘
50、客和司机都保持冷静的话,这次造成车上15人死亡的事故本可以避免的。本题考查虚拟语气。事故已经发生,主从句都是与过去事实相反的假设;主语the accident与avoid之间存在被动关系,应用could have been done,故选D项。解题技巧解题技巧本题考查虚拟语气,但切入点比较多:是主动还是被动、与过去事实相反还是与现在事实相反、should还是could。解题时,可抓住其中的某一点,往往可以排除一到两个答案。4.(2019江苏南京、盐城一模,32)Pele had bags of natural talent,but he without the deter-mination t
