1、2020广东省广州市中考英语语法专项复习(课件)-专题五-形容词和副词(共77张PPT)形容词是描述人和事物特征、性质、属性或状态形容词是描述人和事物特征、性质、属性或状态的词，主要用来修饰名词或不定代词，在句子中充当的词，主要用来修饰名词或不定代词，在句子中充当定语、表语或补语等成分。定语、表语或补语等成分。1 形容词的特点形容词的特点结构结构位置位置例子例子形容词形容词+名词名词一般位于一般位于名词前名词前bad weather,an important lesson,an 8-year-old boy形容词形容词+enough位于位于enough前前tall enough(修饰名词时：修
2、饰名词时：enough water)1 形容词的特点形容词的特点结构结构位置位置例子例子不定代词不定代词+形容词形容词位于不定代词位于不定代词后后something wrong,nothing special,anything elseThe teacher has something important to tell us.keep/stay+形容词形容词位于位于keep/stay后后We should keep our classroom clean.度量词组度量词组+形容词形容词位于度量词组位于度量词组后后5 metres deep,800 kilometres long1 形容词的特
3、点形容词的特点结构结构位置位置连系动词连系动词/感官感官动词动词+形容词形容词 系动词：系动词：be动词动词am/is/are 五变五变:turn变色变色，get变温变温，be/become变成变成，go变质变质be(become)happy,turn red,get warm,go bad(变质变质)1 形容词的特点形容词的特点结构结构位置位置例子例子连系动词连系动词/感官动词感官动词+形容词形容词 五感官：五感官：look,sound,taste,smell,feel（眼看（眼看,耳听耳听,口尝口尝,鼻闻鼻闻,手摸）手摸）Lily says the fruit in the garden
4、looks attractive and smells sweet.We eat it and it tastes delicious.We feel happy.It sounds wonderful.1 形容词的特点形容词的特点结构结构例子例子连系动词连系动词+形容词形容词(动词过去分词动词过去分词)get(be)married(结婚结婚)，get dressed(自己穿衣自己穿衣)，be lost(迷路迷路)，look worried(看上去很焦虑看上去很焦虑)2 -ing-ing形容词和形容词和-ed-ed形容词用法的区别形容词用法的区别形容词形容词用法用法tiring boringE
5、xciting interesting指事物对人的影响指事物对人的影响，常修饰事物常修饰事物，主语一般是主语一般是物物tired boredexcited interested指人对事物的感受指人对事物的感受，主语一般是主语一般是人人例子：例子：He felt after watching the match.（他（他“感到兴奋感到兴奋”用用excited，比赛比赛“令人感到兴奋令人感到兴奋”，用用exciting）excitedexciting4.The dress looks (beautiful)and feels (soft).1.Rainy days make me (sad).2.
6、The leaves turn (yellow)when autumn comes.5.We should keep our hands (open)and eyes (close).用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。sadyellowbeautifulsoftopenclosed3.Listen to me carefully.Then you will find it 1 (easy)to do by yourself.1 It is+形容词形容词(for/of sb.)+to do sth.It is+形容词形容词(for sb.)+to do sth.（对
7、某人来说对某人来说）做某事是做某事是的的*形容词是描写事物特性的词形容词是描写事物特性的词，如如easy,difficult,important等等。It is necessary to tell him about it.有必要把这件事告诉他。有必要把这件事告诉他。It is easy for him to answer such a question.对他来说对他来说，回答这样的一个问题很容易。回答这样的一个问题很容易。1 It is+形容词形容词(for/of sb.)+to do sth.It is+形容词形容词(of sb.)+to do sth.（某人）做某事是（某人）做某事是的的
8、*形容词是描述人物性格特征的词形容词是描述人物性格特征的词,如如nice,kind,clever,brave等等。It is very brave of Yang Liwei to fly into space.杨利伟飞上太空是很勇敢的。杨利伟飞上太空是很勇敢的。It is very nice of you to lead the way for us.你能给我们带路真是太好了。你能给我们带路真是太好了。2find/think/feel/make it+形容词形容词+to do sth.发现发现/认为认为/觉得觉得/使得做某事是使得做某事是的的I found it hard to climb
9、up to the top of the mountain.我发现很难爬上山顶。我发现很难爬上山顶。The machine makes it possible for people to stay in the deep sea for a long time.这台机器使人们有可能长时间地停留在深海里。这台机器使人们有可能长时间地停留在深海里。3too+形容词形容词(for sb.)+to do sth./形容词形容词+enough(for sb.)+to do sth./so+形容词形容词+that从句从句/such(+形容词形容词)+名词名词+thattoo+形容词形容词(for sb.)
10、+to do sth.太太而不能做某事而不能做某事She is too weak to walk farther.她太虚弱她太虚弱，不能再走了。不能再走了。The house is too expensive for him to buy.房子太贵了房子太贵了，他买不起。他买不起。3too+形容词形容词(for sb.)+to do sth./形容词形容词+enough(for sb.)+to do sth./so+形容词形容词+that从句从句/such(+形容词形容词)+名词名词+that形容词形容词+enough(for sb.)+to do sth.足够足够去做某事去做某事He is
11、not old enough to go to school.他还不够年龄上学。他还不够年龄上学。The money is not much enough for me to buy this car.这些钱不够我买这辆车。这些钱不够我买这辆车。3too+形容词形容词(for sb.)+to do sth./形容词形容词+enough(for sb.)+to do sth./so+形容词形容词+that从句从句/such(+形容词形容词)+名词名词+thatso+形容词形容词+that 从句从句 如此如此以至于以至于The song is so popular that nearly ever
12、yone can sing it.这首歌如此流行这首歌如此流行，以至于人人都会唱。以至于人人都会唱。He was so lazy that he was fired very soon.他太懒惰了他太懒惰了，因此很快就被解雇了。因此很快就被解雇了。3too+形容词形容词(for sb.)+to do sth./形容词形容词+enough(for sb.)+to do sth./so+形容词形容词+that从句从句/such(+形容词形容词)+名词名词+that句型转换（注：三个句型都是使用形容词原级）句型转换（注：三个句型都是使用形容词原级）He is too young to go to s
13、chool.He is not old enough to go to school.He is so young that he cant go to school.他太小了他太小了，还不能去上学。还不能去上学。3too+形容词形容词(for sb.)+to do sth./形容词形容词+enough(for sb.)+to do sth./so+形容词形容词+that从句从句/such(+形容词形容词)+名词名词+thatsuch(+形容词形容词)+名词名词+that从句从句 如此如此以至于以至于It was such a fine day that we went out for a w
14、alk.那是一个如此晴朗的日子那是一个如此晴朗的日子,我们出去散步了。我们出去散步了。It is such a heavy stone that I cant lift it up.=The stone is so heavy that I cant lift it up.这块石头太重了这块石头太重了,以至于我不能抬起它。以至于我不能抬起它。()1.Its very of you to help me.Its my pleasure.Im glad youve made such great progress.A.kindly B.kindness C.kind D.kinder()2.Som
15、e students find it to study English because they havent found a right way to learn.A.difficult B.difficultly C.difficulty D.more difficulty()4.Although we lost the game,we shouldnt give up.Its for us to practice harder than before.Yes,I agree with you.A.more necessarily B.more necessary C.necessary
16、D.necessarily()3.Linda was so that she rushed to the kitchen and hoped to find something to eat.A.hunger B.hungrier C.hungry D.hungrily()5.My brother is only 16 years old and isnt to get a drivers license.A.old enough B.enough old C.young enough D.enough young 表一：规则变化表一：规则变化方法方法原级原级比较级比较级单音节词比较级单音节词
17、比较级+er，最高级最高级+estwarmwarmer以以e结尾的单音节词比较结尾的单音节词比较级级+r，最高级，最高级+stlatelater 表一：规则变化表一：规则变化方法方法原级原级比较级比较级重读闭音节，且词尾只有重读闭音节，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，比较级音字母，比较级+er，最，最高级高级+estbighotbiggerhotter以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾，改结尾，改y为为i，比较级，比较级+er，最高级，最高级+estbusyheavybusierheavier 表一：规则变化表一：规则变化方法方法原级原级比较级比较级某某些双音节和多些
18、双音节和多音节词（三个或音节词（三个或以上），通常比以上），通常比较级：较级：more/less+形容词，最高级：形容词，最高级：most/least+形容词形容词tiredfamousinterestingmore tiredmore famousless interestingmost tiredmost famousleast interesting 表二：不规则变化表二：不规则变化原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级good/well（两好）（两好）betterbestbad/ill（两坏）（两坏）worseworstmany/much（两多）（两多）moremostlittle（一少）（
19、一少）lessleast 表二：不规则变化表二：不规则变化原级原级比较级比较级far（一远）（一远）farther（距离远）（距离远）further（程度深）（程度深）old（一老）（一老）older（岁数大；东西旧）（岁数大；东西旧）elder（家庭中年长的）（家庭中年长的）写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级。写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级。1.fast 12.hot 13.lazy 14.young 15.early 16.good 17.ill/bad 1faster fastesthotter hottestlazier laziestyounger youngestearli
20、er earliestbetter bestworse worst写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级。写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级。8.useful 19.fat 110.little 111.famous 112.many 113.busy 114.clever 1more useful most usefulfatter fattestless leastmore famous most famousmore mostbusier busiestcleverer/more clever cleverest/most clever写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级。写出下列形容词
21、或副词的比较级和最高级。15.old 116.few 117.far 118.large 119.beautiful 120.difficult 121.cold 1older/elder oldest/eldestfewer fewestfarther/further farthest/furthestlarger largestmore beautiful most beautifulmore difficult most difficultcolder coldest1 使用原级的句型使用原级的句型(asas,not as/soas,very,so,too,enough,quite)A+
22、as+原级原级+as+B表示表示“A与与B一样一样”She studies as hard as Lisa.她学习与丽萨一样努力。（副词原级）她学习与丽萨一样努力。（副词原级）A+not as/so+原级原级+as+BShe doesnt study so hard as Lisa.她学习不如丽萨努力。她学习不如丽萨努力。表示表示“A不及不及/不如不如B”1 使用原级的句型使用原级的句型(asas,not as/soas,very,so,too,enough,quite)倍数倍数+as+原级原级+as表示倍数表示倍数This tree is three times as tall as tha
23、t one.这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。（形容词原级）这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。（形容词原级）有表示程度的副词有表示程度的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时等修饰时很很，十分十分，非常非常，足够地足够地The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。这个男孩太小了。2使用比较级的句型使用比较级的句型(than,much,even,a little,less)A+比较比较+than+B表示表示“A比比B更更”My room is bigger than yours.我的房间比你的大。我的房间比你的大。A+much/even/a little+比较级比较级+than+
24、B表示表示“A比比B得多得多”Our classroom is much cleaner than theirs.我们的教室比他们的教室干净得多。我们的教室比他们的教室干净得多。2使用比较级的句型使用比较级的句型(than,much,even,a little,less)A+less+原级原级+than+B表示表示“A不及不及/不如不如B”The film was less funny than that one.这部电影不及那部有趣。这部电影不及那部有趣。2使用比较级的句型使用比较级的句型(than,much,even,a little,less)比较级比较级+and+比较级（单音节形容词）
25、比较级（单音节形容词）more and more+原级（多音节形容词）原级（多音节形容词）表示表示“越来越越来越”It is getting hotter and hotter.现在越来越热了。现在越来越热了。She is becoming more and more popular.她变得越来越受欢迎了。她变得越来越受欢迎了。He runs faster and faster.他跑得越来越快。他跑得越来越快。2使用比较级的句型使用比较级的句型(than,much,even,a little,less)the+比较级比较级,the+比较级比较级表示表示“越越，就越就越”The more car
26、eful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越认真你越认真，犯的错误就越少。犯的错误就越少。The harder you study,the better grades you will get.你越努力学习你越努力学习，你的成绩将越好。你的成绩将越好。2使用比较级的句型使用比较级的句型(than,much,even,a little,less)比较级比较级+than any other+单数名词单数名词表示表示“比其他任何的比其他任何的都都”Lin Tao is taller than any other student in his cla
27、ss.林涛比他班上的任何一个学生都要高。林涛比他班上的任何一个学生都要高。3使用最高级的句型使用最高级的句型(the+最高级最高级+of/in/among,one of the+最高最高级级,the+序数词序数词+最高级最高级)the+最高级最高级+of(in,among)表示三者或以上的比较表示三者或以上的比较He is the tallest boy in our class.他是我们班上最高的男生。他是我们班上最高的男生。Miller jumps(the)highest among the three students.在三个学生中在三个学生中，米勒跳得最高。米勒跳得最高。3使用最高级的
28、句型使用最高级的句型(the+最高级最高级+of/in/among,one of the+最高最高级级,the+序数词序数词+最高级最高级)one of+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词复数名词复数表示表示“最最之一之一”Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一。北京是中国最大的城市之一。3使用最高级的句型使用最高级的句型(the+最高级最高级+of/in/among,one of the+最高最高级级,the+序数词序数词+最高级最高级)the+序数词序数词+最高级最高级+名词单数名词单数表示表示“第几第几的的
29、”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长的河流。黄河是中国第二长的河流。用括号内所给单词的适当级别（原级、比较级、最高级）用括号内所给单词的适当级别（原级、比较级、最高级）填空。填空。1.The newly built bridge is three times as (long)as the old one.2.Of all the subjects,he likes physics (well).3.Which is (difficult),English or math?4.Its quite in w
30、inter in Hunan.But its even in Heilongjiang.(cold)longbestmore difficultcoldcolder用括号内所给单词的适当级别（原级、比较级、最高级）用括号内所给单词的适当级别（原级、比较级、最高级）填空。填空。5.This bridge is as (wide)as that one.But its much (long)and (old).6.Beijing is the second (large)city in China.7.Roses handwriting is (good)among us.8.The (many)
31、friends you have,the (much)help you will get.widelongerolderlargestthe bestmoremore用括号内所给单词的适当级别（原级、比较级、最高级）用括号内所给单词的适当级别（原级、比较级、最高级）填空。填空。9.The boy studies and (hard).I think he will be (successful).10.Tom doesnt walk as (slowly)as Mike.harderhardersuccessfulslowly 副词是指在句中描写人或物的行为或状态特征的副词是指在句中描写人或物
32、的行为或状态特征的词词,用以修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或句子，表示用以修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。种类种类例子例子1频度频度副词副词种类种类例子例子2地点副词地点副词 here,there,nearby,outside,upwards,above3方式副词方式副词 hard,well,fast,quickly,slowly,excitedly4程度副词程度副词almost,nearly,very,quite(相当相当),rather(有点有点),enough,so,even,too,almost种类种类例子例子5时间副词时间
33、副词ago,before,just,then,soon,now,once,early,finally,recently,still,later,already6疑问副词疑问副词 how,where,when,why注意：注意：很多形容词很多形容词+ly就变成副词就变成副词,形容词通常意形容词通常意为为 “的的”,”,副词意为副词意为“地地”。形容词形容词副词副词bad 坏的坏的badly 坏地坏地quick 迅速的迅速的quickly 迅速地迅速地wide 宽阔的宽阔的widely 广泛地广泛地careful 认真的认真的carefully 认真地认真地用法用法例子例子行为动词行为动词+方式副
34、词方式副词do well,do badly,drive carefully,move quickly程度副词程度副词+形容词形容词very good,really bad,too quiet程度副词程度副词+方式副词方式副词very well,really badly,too loudly1副词常用来修饰行为动词、形容词和副词位置位置例子例子方式副词修饰不及物动方式副词修饰不及物动词词，通常放在被修饰的通常放在被修饰的动词后面；修饰及物动动词后面；修饰及物动词时词时，一般放在宾语后一般放在宾语后面面She listens carefully in class.她认真听课。她认真听课。He sp
35、eaks French very fluently.他的法语说得很流利。他的法语说得很流利。2 注意副词的位置位置位置例子例子及物动词及物动词+副词副词及物动词及物动词+副词副词+名词名词=及物动词及物动词+名词名词+副词副词move away the box=move the box away及物动词及物动词+代词代词+副词副词（代词要放中间）（代词要放中间）write it down,throw them away,turn it up2 注意副词的位置用括号内所给单词的正确形式或适当级别（原级、用括号内所给单词的正确形式或适当级别（原级、比较级、最高级）填空。比较级、最高级）填空。1.T
36、he volunteer spoke as (clear)as she could to make the visitors understand her.2.All the people in the family were asleep.So he had to open the door (quiet).3.If you dont put the food in the fridge,it will go bad (easy).clearlyquietlyeasily5.Lucy looked after her pet cat 1 (careful)of all her classma
37、tes.用括号内所给单词的正确形式或适当级别（原级、用括号内所给单词的正确形式或适当级别（原级、比较级、最高级）填空。比较级、最高级）填空。4.It is raining (hard).I can (hard)see the things in front of me.hardhardly(the)most carefully()2.A mobile phone with 5G can send videos much than the one with 4G.(2019广东广东)A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest()1.Fishing is one
38、 of activities among the middle-aged people.(2019广东广东)A.popular B.more popular C.most popular D.the most popular()3.Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is .sea-crossing bridge in the world.(2019佛山禅城二模佛山禅城二模)A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest()4.David is good at math.But he didnt get good grades this t
39、ime because he was too .(2019江门江海二模江门江海二模)A.careful B.carefully C.careless D.carelessly()5.Fuxing,Chinas newest high-speed train,runs at a speed of 350km/h.No trains in the world can run .(2019佛山南海二模佛山南海二模)A.slowest B.slower C.fastest D.faster()6.It is amazing that Jacky Chen acted in so manymovies
40、all over China.He works very as an actor.(2019中山一模中山一模)A.successful;hardly B.successful;hard C.successfully;hardly D.successfully;hard()7.Frank has changed a lot,hasnt he?Yes.He is much because he exercises every day.(2019广西贵港广西贵港)A.strong B.stronger C.strongest D.the strongest()8.My 80-year-old gra
41、ndma has learned to chat on WeChat!Amazing!Its truly too late to start doing things.(2019山东东营山东东营)A.always B.never C.sometimes D.usually()10.Mike plays the drums so wonderfully!Of course.He is than any other student in his class.(2019湖北黄冈湖北黄冈)A.talented B.more talented C.less talented D.the most tal
42、ented()9.Intelligent house furnishings(智能家居智能家居)are 1used in our homes these days.(2019辽宁抚顺辽宁抚顺)A.widely B.luckily C.softly D.loudly()11.There will be no winner in the trade war between China and the US.I agree.If we cant avoid it,the relationship will get as time goes on.(2019湖北孝感湖北孝感)A.bad B.badly
43、 C.worse D.worst()12.Because of the flood,there are tourists in that ancient town this year than last year.(2019江苏镇江江苏镇江)A.more B.most C.fewer D.fewest()13.Nobody worked the math problem out.It was one of all.(2019重庆重庆A卷卷)A.easier B.the easiest C.more difficult D.the most difficult()14.Malings Chine
44、se isnt so as Wangmings.I know them very much.But now Maling studiesthan Wangming does.(2019四川达州四川达州)A.good;harder B.good;hard C.better;harder D.better;better()15.The climbers made a fire during the night in order to be in the mountain.(2019上海上海)A.safe B.safely C.save D.safety1.If you want to be h ,
45、you should have a balanced diet and do some exercise every day.2.I miss my family and really feel l after moving into this new city.ealthyonely3.She is so c that she always forgets to bring her homework back to school.areless4.Since he is b hurt,please send him to hospital at once.5.Mary is planning
46、 to go a for further study and Britain is her dream country.6.There are so many new words in the article.I can h understand it.adlybroadardly2.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。kids learn to be independent,1 it is for their future.1.5G 来了！它将使我们的生活越来越好。来了！它将使我们的生活越来越好。5G is coming!It will make
47、our life 1 .betterbetter andThe earlierbetter3.保持健康对每个人而言都很重要。保持健康对每个人而言都很重要。Its very important for everyone to .keep/stay healthy5.别嘲笑他！他已经够勇敢去表达自己了。别嘲笑他！他已经够勇敢去表达自己了。Dont laugh at him!He is 1 himself.4.布莱克先生用了和布朗先生一样多的水。布莱克先生用了和布朗先生一样多的水。Mr.Black used water Mr.Brown did.as much asbrave enough toex
48、press6.足球比赛结束后足球比赛结束后,他兴奋得整晚都睡不着。他兴奋得整晚都睡不着。After the football game,he was 1 the whole night.7.雨下得真大啊！我们不得不取消这次的足球赛。雨下得真大啊！我们不得不取消这次的足球赛。it is raining!We have to cancel the football match.to sleeptoo excitedHow heavily/hard1.A 考查冠词。该处表泛指，用不定冠词；且考查冠词。该处表泛指，用不定冠词；且important的读音为元音音素的读音为元音音素/开头，故用开头，故用a
49、n。2.D 考查数词。考查数词。“三年级三年级”的正确表达为：的正确表达为：the third grade=Grade Three。3.C 考查代词。该空后有名词考查代词。该空后有名词children，故不选，故不选A和和B；children为复数形式，故不选为复数形式，故不选D。4.C 考查连词。结合句意考查连词。结合句意“我尽力帮助他建立自信，但我尽力帮助他建立自信，但是失败了是失败了”，前后表转折关系，用，前后表转折关系，用but连接。连接。5.B 考查被动语态。结合句意，考查被动语态。结合句意，she与与love属于被动关系，属于被动关系，用被动语态，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。
50、用被动语态，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。6.B 考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词为人考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词为人（teacher），在从句中作主语，故关系代词用），在从句中作主语，故关系代词用who。7.A 考查副词。修饰动词考查副词。修饰动词copied，用副词，用副词carefully。8.C 考查动词。疑问词后接动词不定式，表目的。考查动词。疑问词后接动词不定式，表目的。9.C 考查形容词。考查形容词。smile是名词，用形容词修饰，且无比是名词，用形容词修饰，且无比较意义，用较意义，用warm。10.C 考查代词。该空后考查代词。该空后pencils为复数形式，故指示代为复数
