1、Unit 2 Grammar and usage DefiningA phrasal verb is made up of a verb plus an adverb or/and a preposition.Many people throw away used thingsShe had always dreamed of designing clothesShe was looking forward to this opportunity turn her dream into reality.but everyone gathers around,Translate the foll
2、owing,using“give out”.n这个办公室向需要理财建议的学生提供信息。这个办公室向需要理财建议的学生提供信息。n关于事故的有关细节将在关于事故的有关细节将在9 9点新闻中播报。点新闻中播报。n他的心脏出了问题。他的心脏出了问题。/发动机坏了。发动机坏了。n两天前他们的水就用完了。两天前他们的水就用完了。n收音机发出奇怪的信号。收音机发出奇怪的信号。A phrasal verb can have many meanings.The office gives out financial advice to students who ask for it.Details of the
3、 accident will be given out on the 9 oclock news.The engine finally gave out.Their water gave out two days ago.The radio is giving out a strange signal.提供提供发布（新闻等）发布（新闻等）（机器）出故障（机器）出故障用完用完发出发出1.He _ some excuse about the dog eating his school uniform.2.The grass in the garden _ to her knees.3.Kathy
4、_ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.4.John was in the garden _ a fence.make up;pick up;put up;come up;Different verbs+the same adverbturn offturn onturn outturn overturn inturn down关掉，关闭关掉，关闭打开，发动打开，发动生产；结果是生产；结果是移交给；翻阅；把移交给；翻阅；把翻过来；反复考虑翻过来；反复考虑交上；归还交上；归还拒绝；调低（音量等）拒绝；调低（音量等）
5、1.Something unexpected had _before he could know why.2.The party _to be very successful.3._the heat _or your cake will burn.4.The car was _and the driver was seriously injured.5.You must _your pass when you leave the building.turned upturned outTurndownturned overturn in求助于，转向求助于，转向turn toIt is an i
6、nteresting old document but there are a lot of words I cant _.A.make up B.made up ofC.make out D.made ofC1.由由组成组成2.组成，编造组成，编造3.取笑取笑4.前进；行进前进；行进5.走完（一段路）；能成功；做到走完（一段路）；能成功；做到6.弥补弥补7.make outbe made up ofmake upmake fun of sbmake ones way make it辨认出；理解，明白；声称辨认出；理解，明白；声称make up for(the lost time)put aw
7、ayput forwardput onput upput up withput offput downput out放好，储存放好，储存备用，收拾好备用，收拾好提出（意见、建议）；推荐；把时针向前拨提出（意见、建议）；推荐；把时针向前拨穿上；上演穿上；上演举起，抬起；张贴，挂起；留宿举起，抬起；张贴，挂起；留宿容忍，忍受容忍，忍受推迟，拖延；使反感推迟，拖延；使反感放下；拒绝；镇压；记下；放下；拒绝；镇压；记下；扑灭扑灭put through 给某人接通（电话）；使经历（给某人接通（电话）；使经历（P57）I will put the call through to the director
8、for you now.我马上为您把电话接到董事长那里。我马上为您把电话接到董事长那里。The high temperature in Shenzhen during the Universiade put many athletes through much suffering.大运会期间深圳的高温让许多运动员受了不少苦。大运会期间深圳的高温让许多运动员受了不少苦。1.Put me _ at the next corner,please.2.Will you put _ your address here?3.Children,put your toys _ please!4.We put
9、_ at that hotel.5.Dont talk about this now.You put me _.6.I cant put _ these insults any more.7.Never put _ till tomorrow what you can do today.downdownawayupoffup withoff8.The little boy put the food_ in the cupboard after he finished his dinner.9.She has decided to put herself _as a candidate.10.W
10、ould you mind putting your cigarette _,please?11.That woman,as a housewife,has a lot to _.awayforwardoutput up with fill in 填写（表格）填写（表格）；消磨（时间）消磨（时间）；填满；填满 Fill in the blanks with suitable words.在空格里填上适当的单词。在空格里填上适当的单词。He filled in the rest of the day watching TV.他看电视打发了那天余下的时光。他看电视打发了那天余下的时光。He _th
11、e tank _oil and set off at once.The room _smoke because so many people were smoking here.His bag _some useless books.filled upwithwas filled withis full ofhandful n.少量的人或物；一把（的量）少量的人或物；一把（的量）【原句原句】Its not possible for more than a handful of students to visit at the same time.（P57）几个学生不可能同时参观。几个学生不可能
12、同时参观。I drew a handful of coins from my pocket.我从口袋里摸出一把硬币。我从口袋里摸出一把硬币。这次考试很难，只有少数几个同学通过了。这次考试很难，只有少数几个同学通过了。The exam was so difficult that only _ the students passed it.爷爷从抽屉里拿出了一把糖果。爷爷从抽屉里拿出了一把糖果。Grandpa took out _ sweets from the drawer.a handful ofa handful ofsplit vt.&vi.分割，（使）分开，撕开，割破分割，（使）分开，撕
13、开，割破We could split up into groups,and come at different times.(P57)我们可以分成几组，在不同的时候来。我们可以分成几组，在不同的时候来。He spent the whole morning splitting the wood.他整个上午都在劈柴。他整个上午都在劈柴。The huge tree split when struck by lightning.这棵大树遭雷击时被劈开了。这棵大树遭雷击时被劈开了。他们结婚两年之后分手了。他们结婚两年之后分手了。They _after two years of marriage.箱子突然
14、打开，从里面蹦出只小狗。箱子突然打开，从里面蹦出只小狗。Suddenly the box _and a puppy jumped out.split upsplit openannual adj.每年的每年的,一年一次的一年一次的(P57)Employees are entitled to an annual paid leave of fifteen days.职员一年可享受十五天带薪的假期。职员一年可享受十五天带薪的假期。The average _salary of an urban employee was 10,278 yuan.Urban residents,as a whole,l
15、ed comfortable lives.The meeting will be held_.Next Monday is the _of the day when I first met you.annual annually anniversary.用适当的介、副词填空用适当的介、副词填空1.Please fill _this form before you apply for this position.2.Has he decided _where his birthday party will be held?3.He didnt turn _on time as he had pr
16、omised.4.Dont put _what should be done today to tomorrow.5.I cant make _what he wrote on the blackboard.6.The basket was filled _many different kinds of fruits.7.He split_ with his friend with no reason.8.He put _a picture of Yao Ming beside his bed to remind himself of his own dream.9.It turned _th
17、at the party last night was a success.10.She is always making _before going out.in on/uponupoff out with up up outup短语动词是历年高考的重点，复习的重点主要集短语动词是历年高考的重点，复习的重点主要集中于词义的辨析、习惯用法和核心动词的搭配等中于词义的辨析、习惯用法和核心动词的搭配等等。等。要学会从动词的含义和后面所跟的介副词的常见要学会从动词的含义和后面所跟的介副词的常见含义去推测、比较记忆。如含义去推测、比较记忆。如：cut cut 砍砍，切；切；upup上升，光，碎等，合起
18、来上升，光，碎等，合起来cut up cut up 表示切成碎片。表示切成碎片。学习中要学会归纳整理，寻找语言本身的规律学习中要学会归纳整理，寻找语言本身的规律，切忌死记硬背。切忌死记硬背。针对性地做一些词义辨析题。针对性地做一些词义辨析题。答题时首先要在具体情景中找到关键词，然后从答题时首先要在具体情景中找到关键词，然后从语义入手，根据语境灵活运用。语义入手，根据语境灵活运用。Phrases of P56-57,P127ltry outlgive uplwash upltalk overlset uplturn uplcall backllook aroundldecide onlfill
19、in a formla handful oflsplit uplput off until试验，试用，选拔试验，试用，选拔放弃放弃洗餐具洗餐具彻底讨论彻底讨论建立建立出现，到来；调高（音量）出现，到来；调高（音量）回电话，记起（某事）回电话，记起（某事）参观，四处看看参观，四处看看决定决定填表填表少数的，一把少数的，一把分离，分组分离，分组推迟到推迟到lcome uplcome up with lcome acrosslcome aboutlturn awayltake onltake upltake overltake inltake downlresult inlpick uplclear
20、 uplput through即将到来，走上前即将到来，走上前想出想出偶然碰到偶然碰到发生发生拒绝（某人）进入拒绝（某人）进入呈现，雇佣，承担呈现，雇佣，承担占据（时间、空间），继续占据（时间、空间），继续接管，接任接管，接任吸收；欺骗吸收；欺骗写下，记下；拆掉，拆毁写下，记下；拆掉，拆毁导致（导致（lead to/contribute to/bring about)捡起，（偶然）习得，身体好转，捡起，（偶然）习得，身体好转，（开车）接，（顺便）取走，得（开车）接，（顺便）取走，得（病）（病）（天空）放晴，打扫干净（天空）放晴，打扫干净给某人接通（电话），使经历给某人接通（电话），使经历1.N
21、ews reports say peace talks between the two countries with no agreement reached.Ahave broken down Bhave broken out Chave broken in Dhave broken up本题含义是本题含义是：两两国和谈破裂了国和谈破裂了，没成功没成功（break down）。2.After playing for a while,the children were made to all the toys they had taken out.Aput off Bput away Cput
22、 down Dput up本题含义是：本题含义是：玩了一会后，孩子们被叫了把他玩了一会后，孩子们被叫了把他们拿出的玩具收起来们拿出的玩具收起来（put away）。3.The final examination is coming up soon.Its time for us to _ our studies.Aget down to Bget out Cget back for Dget over 本题含义是：到了我们本题含义是：到了我们开始认真学习的时候了。开始认真学习的时候了。get down to 开始（认开始（认真地）做某事，后面跟真地）做某事，后面跟名词或动名词。名词或动名词。4
23、.Dont mention that at the beginning of the story,or it may the shocking ending.Agive away Bgive out Cgive up Dgive off5.After a long way he was very tired and his legs .Agave up Bgave in Cgave out Dgave off在走了一段很长的路在走了一段很长的路后，他很疲劳，他的后，他很疲劳，他的腿筋疲力尽了（腿筋疲力尽了（give out）。）。故事的开头不要提它，否故事的开头不要提它，否则会泄露则会泄露gi
24、ve away令人令人震惊的结尾。震惊的结尾。6.The mine(地雷)could be by the slightest touch.Aset out Bset down Cset away Dset off 7.How I wish I could my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the net！Aset off Bset out Cset over Dset up这地雷轻轻一碰这地雷轻轻一碰就能被引爆（就能被引爆（set off）。）。我多希望在网上聊天的我多希望在网上聊天的时候能用又简单又棒的时候能用
25、又简单又棒的英语阐明英语阐明set out自己的观自己的观点啊！点啊！8.When he realized the police had seen him,the thief the exit as quickly as possible.Amade off Bmade for Cmade out Dmade up9.The riddle puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds try to .Amake it out Bmake it off Cmake it up Dmake it overmake out：理解，弄明理解，弄
26、明白，理清楚白，理清楚 意识到警察已经看见了意识到警察已经看见了他，小偷尽快地朝出口他，小偷尽快地朝出口走去（走去（make for）。）。10.He was in hospital for six months.He felt as if he was from the outside world.Acut out Bcut off Ccut up Dcut through11.After suffering from coughing for a time,he has decided to _ the number of the cigarettes he smokes a day.A.
27、cut off B.cut down C.cut out D.cut in12.The cinema was full and a lot of people had to be .Aturned in Bturned against Cturned over Dturned away13.We wanted to get home before dark,but it didnt quite _ as planned.Amake out Bturn out Cgo on Dcome up14.The job is not easy as you imagined,and it _ time
28、and patience.Acalls in Bcalls off Ccalls up Dcalls for15.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain,the visit to the village _ scenes of my childhood.A.called up B.called for C.called on D.called in16.The early pioneers had to many difficulties to settle down on the new land.Ago along wi
29、th Bgo back on Cgo through Dgo into17.Many people _ monkeys,they do things quickly without thinking.A.look into B.look down upon C.look like D.look after18.The teacher _the lesson where she left off yesterday.A.took offB.took over C.took inD.took upput about 使转向使转向/后转；散布，宣称；打搅后转；散布，宣称；打搅put across 使
30、被理解，表达使被理解，表达;put aside 把把放到一边，撇开放到一边，撇开 put away 把把 收起来；收起来；put back 放回原处放回原处 put down 放下；记下；镇压放下；记下；镇压 put forward 提出（意见等）；提出（意见等）；put into 放进去；翻译成放进去；翻译成 put off 推迟推迟 put on 上演；穿上上演；穿上 put on airs 摆架子摆架子put out 扑灭；生产，发表扑灭；生产，发表 put together 放在一起；放在一起；put up 举起；建造搭起；张贴举起；建造搭起；张贴 put up with 忍受，容忍忍
31、受，容忍 get about走动；（消息）传开来；走动；（消息）传开来；get across 使被理解，使被理解，把把讲清楚；讲清楚；get ahead 进步，超过；进步，超过；get away 离开，逃离开，逃离；离；get along 过活，相处；进展过活，相处；进展get back取回；回来；取回；回来；get behind 落后；落后；get down 下来，下车，写下；下来，下车，写下；get down to sth/doing sth 开始认真着手工作；开始认真着手工作；get in 收割；插话；收割；插话；get into 进入；染上（习惯）；进入；染上（习惯）；get off
32、下车，脱衣；下车，脱衣；get on=get along过活，相处；进展；过活，相处；进展；get out(滚滚)出去；公布，发表；出去；公布，发表；get over 翻过，克服（困难）；翻过，克服（困难）；get round 规避规避（法律法律）；）；说服；传开说服；传开 get somewhere 有所进展有所进展（get nowhere 一无一无所成所成）；）；get through 通过通过；完成完成；电话打通；电话打通；get up 起床起床；get rid of 消灭，摆脱，除掉消灭，摆脱，除掉 break away(from)突然离开突然离开 摆脱摆脱/脱离脱离break dow
33、n 打破毁掉打破毁掉；（机器等）；（机器等）坏了坏了；（；（人人）病了垮病了垮掉了掉了；（；（谈判等谈判等）终止终止，不成功不成功；分解分解 break forth 喷发喷发；（欢呼等）突然发出；（欢呼等）突然发出 break in on/upon打断打断（谈话等谈话等）break off(使使)折断折断；停止讲话等停止讲话等；断绝断绝，解除解除（婚约婚约，关关系等系等）；）；暂停工作等暂停工作等 break out(战争战争，火灾等火灾等)爆发爆发 break through 突破突破 break up 打碎打碎give away 送掉，捐赠；颁发；泄露送掉，捐赠；颁发；泄露/出卖；出卖；g
34、ive back 归还；归还；give forth发出（声音等）；发表；发出（声音等）；发表；give in 屈服，让步屈服，让步(to sb)give off 发出（光，汽等）；发出（光，汽等）；give out 分发；发出（汽，热等）；发表；用完，累了；分发；发出（汽，热等）；发表；用完，累了；give up 放弃，认输；放弃，认输；set about sth/doing sth开始着手做某事；开始着手做某事；set against 使平衡；把使平衡；把与与对比；对比；set apart 留出，拨出；留出，拨出；set aside 留出，拨出；不顾，略去；留出，拨出；不顾，略去；set o
35、ff 动身，出发；引爆；动身，出发；引爆；set out 动身，出发；开始动身，出发；开始set out to do sth；宣布，阐明；宣布，阐明；set over 把把置于置于上；指派上；指派管理管理；set up 竖起，搭起；树立（榜样）；开办，创立；竖起，搭起；树立（榜样）；开办，创立；make as if(as though)/make believe 假装；假装；make for 朝朝走去；有利于；走去；有利于；make from/of 用用制造制造；make into 制成；制成；make fun of 嘲笑；嘲笑；make it 规定时间；做到，办成；规定时间；做到，办成；ma
36、ke off 逃走；逃走；make out 书写，填写；理解，了解；辨认出；设法做到；书写，填写；理解，了解；辨认出；设法做到；make out of用用制造出制造出；make over 转让，移交；改造；转让，移交；改造；make use of 利用；利用；make up 弥补，补偿；组成；虚构，编造；弥补，补偿；组成；虚构，编造；make the best/most of 好好利用，最佳利用；好好利用，最佳利用；cut across 抄近路；抄近路；cut away 切掉切掉，砍掉；砍掉；cut down 砍到砍到；削减削减，缩短；缩短；cut in 插话插话；超车抢档；超车抢档；cut
37、off 切掉切掉，剪下剪下；切断联系水电的供应等切断联系水电的供应等；促退；促退；cut out 切掉，删掉；停止；切掉，删掉；停止；cut up 切碎；切碎；cut through 凿穿；凿穿；turn about 转身；转身；turn a deaf ear to 不理不理，不顾；不顾；turn away 把打发走把打发走，不让进入不让进入；走开走开；转过脸；转过脸；turn back 折回折回；翻回到翻回到，重提到；重提到；turn down 关小关小，调低调低；拒绝；拒绝；turn in 上缴上缴，交出交出；告发；告发；turn into 进入进入；变成；变成；turn off 关掉关掉
38、；使厌恶；使厌恶；turn on 打开打开，旋开旋开；使兴奋；使兴奋；turn out 生产生产，制造制造；关掉关掉，旋灭旋灭；结果是结果是，后来证明是；后来证明是；turn over 翻身翻身/书等书等；移交；移交；turn to 转向转向；求助于；求助于；turn up 出现出现；到达到达；卷起卷起；旋大旋大/亮；亮；call away 叫走；把（注意力等）转移走；叫走；把（注意力等）转移走；call back 叫回来；回电话；叫回来；回电话；call for需要，要求需要，要求;邀约，去取邀约，去取/接；接；call in召集；召集；call off 取消；取消；call up 打电话给
39、某人，使想起；打电话给某人，使想起；call on号召；拜访（某人）；号召；拜访（某人）；call at 拜访某地；拜访某地；call out 大声叫唤；出动军队；大声叫唤；出动军队；call over 点名；点名；go against 违反违反 go over 审阅，检查审阅，检查 go ahead进行，进展，先走，走在前面，干吧，说吧进行，进展，先走，走在前面，干吧，说吧 go all out 全力以赴全力以赴 go down 下降，减弱下降，减弱 go off 爆炸爆炸 go in for 从事（某种事业或活动）从事（某种事业或活动）go out 熄灭熄灭 go round 够用，够分配
40、够用，够分配go on 继续下去，发生，进行继续下去，发生，进行 go down on ones knees 屈膝下跪屈膝下跪look after 照顾照顾 look as if 看起来似乎看起来似乎 look back 回想，回顾回想，回顾 look for 寻找寻找look forward to 盼望，期待盼望，期待 look into 调查，了解，研究调查，了解，研究 look like 看起来像看起来像 look on 旁观旁观 look out 注意注意 look on as 把把看作，认为看作，认为look round 到外看看，来访到外看看，来访 look through 翻阅，
41、浏览翻阅，浏览 look up 查找查找look down upon看不起看不起take away 拿走拿走 take back 收回收回 take care 注意，注意，当当心心take care of 照照顾顾，负责负责take charge of 负责负责（管某事（管某事或照或照顾顾某人）某人）take down 记记下下 take for granted 想想当当然然 take hold of 抓抓住住 take interest in 对对.发发生生兴兴趣趣 take it easy别紧张别紧张 take off 起起飞飞，脱脱下（衣服等）下（衣服等）take office就就职职t
42、ake on 开开始始从从事，雇用，招收，具有新事，雇用，招收，具有新面貌面貌 take ones seat 坐下，坐好坐下，坐好take out 拿出拿出来来 take part in 参参加加 take pride in 为为感到感到骄骄傲傲 take the place of 代替代替 take turns 轮轮流流 take up 选学选学（课课程），程），占去（占去（时间时间或空或空间间）,继续讲述继续讲述 take in 接纳；吸收；理解；接纳；吸收；理解；欺骗欺骗You cant predict everything.Often things dont _ as you expe
43、ct.2011江西，江西，35A.run out B.break out C.work out D.put out 【解析解析】选选C。考查动词短语意义辨析。考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：你不能预言一切事情。事情常常不会像句意：你不能预言一切事情。事情常常不会像你期待得那样发展。你期待得那样发展。run out 耗尽耗尽;break out 打破打破;work out计算出，进展；计算出，进展；put out扑灭。扑灭。She _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A.tu
44、rned down B.dealt with C.took after D.came across 【解析解析】选选D。考查动词短语意义辨析。考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：昨天她在一家商场购物时遇到了一位老句意：昨天她在一家商场购物时遇到了一位老朋友。朋友。turn down 拒绝；调小（音量）；拒绝；调小（音量）；deal with 对付对付,处理；处理；take after与与相像；相像；come across偶然遇见。偶然遇见。Had she _ her promise,she would have made it to Yale University.A.looked up to B.l
45、ived up to C.kept up with D.come up with 【解析解析】选选B。考查动词短语意义辨析。考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会句意：如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁大学了。进入耶鲁大学了。come up with 追赶上；想出，追赶上；想出，提出；提出；keep up with 跟上，追上；跟上，追上；look up to抬头看，尊重。只有抬头看，尊重。只有B项项live up to“履行，实履行，实行行”符合题意。符合题意。二、常见重点动词短语二、常见重点动词短语 1.以以break为中心的词组为中心的词组 break a
46、way from 脱离，逃离，打破脱离，逃离，打破 break down 破坏破坏,粉碎粉碎,瓦解；出故障，瓦解；出故障，抛锚；衰弱抛锚；衰弱 break into 闯入；强行进入闯入；强行进入 break out 爆发，发生爆发，发生 break through 突破突破 break up 解散，分解；结束解散，分解；结束 2.以以 bring为中心的词组为中心的词组 bring about 导致，引起，促使导致，引起，促使 bring back 带回，使回忆，使恢复带回，使回忆，使恢复 bring down 使下降，浓缩，收缩使下降，浓缩，收缩 bring out 拿出，公布，发表，出版，
47、生拿出，公布，发表，出版，生产产 bring up 抚养，养育，培养抚养，养育，培养 The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.2011湖北，湖北，29A.take down B.bring down C.hand down D.tear down 【解析解析】选选B。考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：政府已。考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：政府已经采取了措施来降低日常用品的价格，保持市场的稳定。经采取了措施来降低日常用品的价格，保持市场的稳定。选项选项A
48、：取下，记下；：取下，记下；B：使：使降低；降低；C：传递下去；：传递下去；D：撕下来。撕下来。3.以以call为中心的词组为中心的词组 call for 需要，要求需要，要求 call in 召集召集 call off 取消，下令停止取消，下令停止 call on 拜访（某人），号召拜访（某人），号召 call out 大声喊，唤起大声喊，唤起 call up 打电话给打电话给;使想起使想起 4.以以come为中心的词组为中心的词组 come about 发生发生 come across 偶然发现偶然发现,遇到遇到 come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒倒下；降落；跌落；病倒 come
49、to 苏醒苏醒;复原复原;共计共计;达到达到 come up 走近；上楼；流行起来；发芽走近；上楼；流行起来；发芽,上来；（问题）被提出上来；（问题）被提出 come up with 提出提出;想出想出 If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.2011安徽，安徽，34A.come across B.care about C.look for D.focus upon 【解析解析】选选A。考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：如果你。考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：如果你
50、发现自行车有缺陷但你仍然想要买这辆自行车，就要求店发现自行车有缺陷但你仍然想要买这辆自行车，就要求店员降低价格。员降低价格。A项意为项意为“偶然发现，遇到偶然发现，遇到”；B项意为项意为“关关心心”；C项意为项意为“寻找寻找”；D项意为项意为“集中于集中于”。5.以以get为中心的词组为中心的词组 get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使被理解度过，通过，横过；说服，使被理解 get along with 与与相处相处 get around 走动走动;传播传播;影响影响;说服说服 get down to 认真对待，静下心来认真对待，静下心来 get off 送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动
