1、外报外刊阅读教程外报外刊阅读教程*（第二版）（第二版）*大学英语大学英语Lesson 24Structure AnalysisKey to Questions Photos&Diagrams Additional Notes Background InformationBored at work?Youre hardly aloneA third of all U.S.workers struggle with boreout.But there are remedies By Marilyn Gardner As a result of excessive and prolonged str
2、ess,a state of emotional,mental,and physical exhaustion,also known as burnout,comes into being.Your interest or motivation that led you to take on a certain role in the first place begin to wane when you feel overwhelmed and unable to meet constant demands.Burnout can decrease your productivity and
3、suck up your energy,which only leaves you feeling more and more helpless,hopeless,cynical and resentful.You may even come up with the conclusion that you have nothing more to give.We have days when feeling bored,or unappreciated;when the dozen balls we keep hanging in the air arent noticed,not to me
4、ntion rewarded;when getting out of bed requires our tremendous determination.If you too often feel like this,however,you may be performing with the phenomena of burnout.Lesson 24 According to specialists,the circumstances of burnout always go through the following five stages:1.End of honeymoon:not
5、caring at all about work 2.Fuel shortage:feeling drained and tired and often having nightmares3.Chronic symptoms:often suffering from headache,chest distress,shortness of breath,depression,irritability and lack of energy and appetite.4.Appearance of crisis:susceptible to despair,self-torment and obs
6、ession.5.Hitting the wall:job and even life in danger It is not only burnout in the job,which lead to discontent and illness,but also boreout from the other extreme.As a new office disease,boreout leads to the feelings of disinterest,listlessness and tiredness.Outsiders cannot easily diagnose its sy
7、ndrome because boreout people often develop behavioral strategies for looking as if they are pretty occupied thus excluded from more assignments.Lesson 24 Boreout is the new office disease.According to some researches,about 15 percent of office staff in the US are on the way to boreout.Based on thei
8、r studies,if an employee says“yes”to four or more of the following 10 questions,he/she could have the problem of boreout.1.Do you complete private tasks at work?2.Do you feel underchallenged or bored?3.Do you sometimes pretend to be busy?4.Are you tired after work even though you experience no stres
9、s in the office?Are you unhappy with your work?6.Do you find your work meaningless?7.Could you complete your work more quickly than you are doing?8.Are you afraid of changing your job because you might take a salary cut?9.Do you send private emails to colleagues during working hours?10.Do you have l
10、ittle or no interest in your work?Lesson 241.She finds limited opportunities to take on more duties.(Line 3,Para.1)她感到承担更多职责的机会有限。她感到承担更多职责的机会有限。2.The authors,business consultants in Europe,explain that boreout,the opposite of burnout,consists of three elements:being understretched,uncommitted,and b
11、ored in the workplace.(Line 1,Para.4)作者均是欧洲的商业顾问，他们解释道，闷爆是倦怠的反义作者均是欧洲的商业顾问，他们解释道，闷爆是倦怠的反义词，常常表现在三个方面：工作负担很轻，不受约束，乏味词，常常表现在三个方面：工作负担很轻，不受约束，乏味无聊。无聊。Lesson 243.As unemployment rates soar,Haase,Rothman,and others who feel underworked are quick to express appreciation for having a job and a paycheck.(Li
12、ne 1,Para.9)哈泽、罗斯曼等等一些感到没有充分发挥工作才能的职员由哈泽、罗斯曼等等一些感到没有充分发挥工作才能的职员由于失业率大幅飚升，能有一份工作和薪水便会十分感激了。于失业率大幅飚升，能有一份工作和薪水便会十分感激了。4.Maybe the boredom is a real message that you need to make a change.(Line 1,Para.14)或许感到无聊是在传递一个重要信息：你得换一下工作了。或许感到无聊是在传递一个重要信息：你得换一下工作了。Lesson 24Lesson 24Lesson 24A.working as a recep
13、tionist B.sportswriting C.working as a supervisor D.fundraising1.It can be seen from the article that what Nicole Haase really wants to do is _.Lesson 242.Doug Newberrys plan to start his own company has failed because _.A.he lacks after-work time to commit to it B.he lacks strong work enthusiasm C.
14、he does not have enough funds D.he does not have work experience in that fieldLesson 243.According to workplace specialists,employees sensible response to underemployment in the present situation is _.A.noticing their boredom and thinking about what they can add to their jobB.devising smart strategi
15、es to look busyC.quitting the unchallenging jobD.telling the boss in a direct way about their dissatisfaction with the jobLesson 244.Megan Rothman took the position of a marketing copywriter because _.A.she really liked the jobB.she was told that she would wear many hatsC.the pay was much higher tha
16、n the averageD.she wanted to clear up the debtLesson 241.What does Haase do in a manufacturing firm in Milwaukee?She works as a receptionist and payroll administrator in a manufacturing firm in Milwaukee.Lesson 242.Why is she dissatisfied with the job?How does she fill empty moments?She thinks that
17、work is slow.She finds limited opportunities to take on more duties.She fills empty moments by emailing friends and working on freelance writing assignments.Lesson 243.How pervasive and how serious is the problem of boreout in the US according to Rothlin and Werder?According to Rothlin and Werder,on
18、e third of workers in the US do not have enough to do.Underchallenged employees spend more than two hours a day on personal matters.Employees waste over$5,000 a year per worker on boreout.Lesson 244.Why did Haase take the job she didnt really like?Haase took the job she didnt really like because she
19、 was saddled with student loans and needed a paycheck.Lesson 245.Why does Megan Rothman suffer from boreout?Megan Rothman suffers from boreout because her boss doesnt seem to be willing to accommodate her though she has asked to take on additional responsibilities.Lesson 246.How does Megan Rothman s
20、pend her idle time?She divides her idle time equally between productive tasks such as reading marketing blogs or doing writing exercises,and nonwork activities such as G-mail and My Space.Lesson 247.What advice does Bryant offer to employers concerned about boredom on the job?Bryant offers to employ
21、ers concerned about boredom on the job this reminder:“People dont want to be bored.Given the opportunity,theyll be productive to their fullest ability.”Lesson 24I.(1-2)Specific example of Nicole Haase II.(3-5)Rothlin and Werders book about boreout III.(6-9)Process of boreout formation IV.(10-19)Work
22、place specialists advice to employees struggling with boreout V.(20)Specialists advice to employers concerned about boredom on the jobLesson 24I.(12)Specific example of Nicole Haase 1.Having limited opportunities to take on more duties 2.Ways of filling empty momentsII.(35)Rothlin and Werders book a
23、bout boreout 1.Pervasive problem in the US2.Three elements of boreout3.Cause of boreout and employees ways of pretending to be busyLesson 24III.(69)Process of boreout formation 1.Case of Haase2.Case of RothmanIV.(1019)Workplace specialists advice to employees struggling with boreout 1.Remaining comm
24、itted and connected to their employer2.Noticing their boredom and thinking about what they can add to their jobUsing a proper way to show to the supervisor what else theyre willing to take on in their workMaking an analysis of their situationLesson 245.Other causes of underemployment and specialists
25、 advicea.Overstaffing and taking shadow positionsb.Boredom serving as a message about the need for a changec.Case of Doug Newberryd.Case of Haase6.Advice to those employees eager for greater challengesV.(20)Specialists advice to employers concerned about boredom on the job Lesson 24外报外刊阅读教程外报外刊阅读教程*
26、（第二版）（第二版）*大学英语大学英语Lesson 22Structure AnalysisKey to Questions Photos&Diagrams Additional Notes Background InformationThe Angry Americans By Marcela Sanchez After the disaster of September 11,2001,as all 19 hijackers managed to pass existing checkpoints and board the aircraft,problems on the effecti
27、veness of security questions were raised at the time.To lower the probability of this kind of event occurring again,security at many airports all around the world has been escalated.Two major public reactions to the attacks were a surge of public expressions of patriotism not seen since World War II
28、:American flag can be seen anywhere on this land;and as a big family,Americans in other parts of the United States shows an unprecedented level of respect,sympathy,and admiration for New York City and New Yorkers.Lesson 22 Besides the man-made disaster,Hurricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurrican
29、e season was the costliest natural disaster,one of the five deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States.It was the sixth strongest overall in the record.At least 1,836 people died in the actual hurricane and in the following floods,making it the deadliest U.S.hurricane since the 1928 Ok
30、eechobee hurricane with$81 billion property damage,nearly triple the damage Hurricane Andrew caused in 1992.Lesson 22 The Hurricane Katrina had major implications for a large segment of the population,economy,and politics of the entire United States.A Congressional review of the Corps of Engineers w
31、as prompted.Experts agreed that the federally built flood protection systems had failed to protect the citys inhabitants Katrinas surge.It also stimulated significant research into urban planning,real estate finance,and economic issues in the wake of a natural disaster.Lesson 221.retrace ones steps:
32、go back along the same road that you took the first time(Line 1,Para.2)原路折回原路折回2.one too many：more than necessary(Line 4,Para.2)太多太多3.maybe what we experienced that day were unfortunate coincidences in this usually civil city(Line 2,Para.3)或许，那天的经历是我们在这个通常文明的城市所碰到的不幸或许，那天的经历是我们在这个通常文明的城市所碰到的不幸巧事。巧事。
33、4.erosion of privacy(Line 4,Para.4)侵犯隐私侵犯隐私1.5.lives of abundance(Line 6,Para.4)富裕的生活富裕的生活Lesson 226.But that call and all the optimism that the Democratic National Convention pumped over the airwaves came off as a veneer for the true rage that politicians know will drive people to the polls.(Line 4
34、,Para.6)但是，这个号召和民主党全国代表大会通过广播电视所表现出但是，这个号召和民主党全国代表大会通过广播电视所表现出的乐观气氛掩盖了真实的愤怒情绪，政客们知道这种情绪会驱的乐观气氛掩盖了真实的愤怒情绪，政客们知道这种情绪会驱使民众去投票。（使民众去投票。（to come off to turn out to be;veneer-an outer appearance of a particular quality that hides the true nature of sth）7.This kind of values debate leads to“profound social
35、 divisions”characterizing one side as the good guys and the other side as the bad guys.(Line 5,Para.11)对价值观的辩论导致对价值观的辩论导致社会社会严重分化，其特点就是辩论一方要么是严重分化，其特点就是辩论一方要么是坏人要么是好人。坏人要么是好人。Lesson 22Lesson 22A.Mexico B.El Salvodor C.Colombia D.the US1.Among the following countries,which one ranks the lowest on mea
36、sures of happiness and life satisfaction?Lesson 222.What the author means by the word“productive”in the last paragraph is _.A.increasing US GDP B.increasing Americans happinessC.increasing politicians chances of election D.strengthening Americans unityLesson 223.According to the article,what is need
37、ed to change peoples own assessment of life satisfaction is _.A.elevation of living standards B.culture of nonmaterialistic valuesC.peaceful life D.love of natureLesson 224.The authors attitude toward US politicians is _.A.supportive B.critical C.sympathetic D.unknownLesson 221.Is the author a singl
38、e mother?What does she mean by the term“single mother”?No,the author is neither single nor a mother.What she means by the term“single mother”is that she looked after her cousins 13-year-old daughter for eight weeks.Lesson 222.What was the girls final impression of the US?Why had she got such an impr
39、ession?Her final impression of the US was that every American seemed angry because all the service people at the airport had displayed anger and hostility.Lesson 223.What does the author think is the cause of Americans anger?The author thinks that agitation anxiety is the cause of Americans anger.Le
40、sson 224.What do many polls show about Americans mood?Many polls show Americans are dissatisfied with everything.They are angry about Iraq,angry over corporate pay and scandals,and angry at both political parties.They are frustrated with media,concerned about the rising cost of prescription drugs an
41、d worried about erosion of privacy.Lesson 225.What do the politicians do about Americans anxiety?Politicians of both parties direct anxieties at the other side of the political spectrum and use the opportunity not for conciliation but to rile the masses and turn personal anxiety into public anger.Le
42、sson 226.What does the index of happiness seem to imply?The index of happiness seems to imply the revolutionary notion that money doesnt buy happiness.It also suggests that a deeper appreciation within a country or culture of nonmaterialistic value is necessary to change peoples own assessment of sa
43、tisfaction.Lesson 227.What effects will the values debates produce?The values debates will lead to profound social divisions,new clashes and irritations,and in turn make people feel less content with their everyday lives.Lesson 22I.(1-3)Experience of angry treatment at the airport II.(4-7)Pervasive
44、anger in the US III.(8-10)World Values Surveys findings IV.(11-12)Effects of values debatesLesson 22I.(13)Experience of angry treatment at the airport 1.Seeing off the cousins 13-year-old daughter 2.Anger displayed by the service people at the airport 3.Reason for the angerII.(47)Pervasive anger in
45、the US 1.Polls finding about Americans anger 2.Politicians use of public anger for personal gains a.Intensifying public feeling of frustration b.Reason for doing so:to gain votes in electionLesson 22III.(810)World Values Surveys findings 1.Difference between some developing countries and industriali
46、zed countries2.Latin American countries rankings on measures of happiness and life satisfaction3.Relationship between money and happinessIV.(1112)Effects of values debates 1.Leading to profound social debates2.More likely to make people feel less content with everyday lifeLesson 22外报外刊阅读教程外报外刊阅读教程*（
47、第二版）（第二版）*大学英语大学英语Lesson 23Structure AnalysisKey to Questions Photos&Diagrams Additional Notes Background InformationGlobally,Religion Defies Easily Identified Patterns By Peter Steinfels Most of the Europeans describe themselves as Christians,but they can be further divided into many denominations.
48、Its usually advisable that the Christian denominations be classified into three categories:Catholicism,Eastern Christianity(consisting of Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches)and Protestantism,which will be introduced to you in the following.Roman Catholicism is the largest denomination o
49、f the three,and its adherents are mostly existing in Latin Europe(including France,Southern Belgium,Portugal,Spain,and Italy),Ireland,Lithuania,Poland,Croatia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Hungary,and the Czech Republic,as well as the southern parts of Germanic Europe(comprising Austria,Luxembourg,Northern Belg
50、ium,Southern and Western Germany,and Liechtenstein).Eastern Orthodoxy(the churches are in full communion,i.e.they regard each other as local churches,members of one religious body).Lesson 23Several branches of it can be listed out as Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople,Russian Orthodox Church,
